Coral Reef Monitoring in St. Croix and St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands Year Five Final Report Submitted to Department of Planning and Natural Resources September 2005 By Richard S. Nemeth, Ph.D., Tyler B. Smith, Ph.D., Marcia Taylor, Steve Herzlieb, Elizabeth S. Kadison, Jeremiah Blondeau, Liam Carr and Laurie Allen-Requa Center for Marine and Environmental Studies University of the Virgin Islands St. Thomas and St. Croix, USVI and Wesley Toller, Ph.D. Division of Fish and Wildlife Department of Planning and Natural Resources US Virgin Islands Table of Contents Page Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Objectives for Monitoring Coral Reefs 3 Section I: St. Croix Methods Benthic Assessments 4 Table 1. St. Croix site location information 4 Fish Census 5 Table 2. Summary of fish census effort, St. Croix 6 Results and Recommendations Benthic Assessments 7 Fish Census 8 Table 3. Observed trends in fish communities, St. Croix 9 Table 4. Comparison of belt transects and Roving Diver Survey data 11 Table 5. Abundance of commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fish species, St. Croix 12 Section II: St. Thomas Methods Benthic Assessments 14 Table 6. St. Thomas site location information 14 Fish Census 15 Table 7. Summary of fish census effort, St. Thomas 15 Results and Recommendations Benthic Assessments 16 Fish Census 18 Table 8. Abundance of commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fish species, St. Thomas 18 Table 9. Observed trends in fish communities, St. Thomas 19 Table of Contents (cont.) Page Summary St. Croix 21 St. Thomas 22 Acknowledgments 23 Literature Cited 24 - 26 Figures Figure 1. Locations of monitoring sites, St. Croix. 27 Figure 2. Mean percent cover of scleractinian corals, 28 - 29 dead coral with turf algae, macroalgae, sponges, gorgonians, and sand/Sediment for years 1 – 4, St. Croix. Figure 3. Coral species composition, St. Croix 30 Figure 4. Percent of species composition of living coral cover 31 – 34 of the most common coral species, St. Croix. Figure 5. Coral Diversity, St. Croix. 35 Figure 6. Mean percentage of coral colonies with disease and 36 bleaching by site, St. Croix. Figure 7. Percentage diseased and bleached coral colonies 37 by species, St. Croix. Figure 8. Sea urchin density, St. Croix 38 Figure 9. Reef fish community structure, St. Croix 39 Figure 10. Fish abundance by family, St. Croix. 40 - 43 Figure 11. Changes in grunt abundance, St. Croix 44 Figure 12. Comparisons of parrotfish size distributions, St. Croix 45 Figure 13. Locations of monitoring sites, St. Thomas. 46 Figure 14. Mean percent cover of scleractinian corals, 47 - 48 dead coral with turf algae, macroalgae, sponges, gorgonians, and sand/Sediment, St. Thomas Figure 15. Coral species composition, St. Thomas 49 Figure 16. Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species, St. Thomas 50 – 53 Figure 17. Coral Diversity, St. Thomas. 54 Figure 18. Mean percentage of coral colonies with disease and 55 bleaching by site, St. Thomas. Figure 19. Percentage diseased and bleached coral colonies 56 by species, St. Thomas. Figure 20. Reef fish community structure, St. Thomas 57 Figure 21. Fish abundance by family, St. Thomas 58 – 61 Table of Contents (cont.) Page Figures (cont.) Appendix I: Significant differences for St. Croix & St. Thomas, 2001-2005 Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Appendix IV: Summary of urchin, bleaching, and disease data Appendix V: Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix Appendix VI: Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix Appendix VII: Roving Diver Survey data, St. Croix Appendix VIII: Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas Appendix IX: Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas Appendix X: Roving Diver Survey data, St. Thomas Executive Summary Coral reefs in the Caribbean are facing a dramatic decline. To effectively manage and maintain these important ecosystems, the government of the Virgin Islands, in coordination with federal agencies and the University of the Virgin Islands, implemented a long-term coral reef monitoring and assessment program in 2001. This program has established a baseline condition of coral reefs and fish populations for determining the effectiveness of various management initiatives on the sustainability of these important resources. This program will also allow natural resource managers to gauge the impacts of natural disturbances and human activities on coastal habitats and their rates of recovery. This report presents results from the fifth year of monitoring in St. Croix and the third year of monitoring in St. Thomas, with comparisons to previous years. St. Thomas monitoring and assessment employed a stratified design based upon the position of reefs along the insular platform (mid-shelf and shelf-edge). This design was implemented to complement other ongoing monitoring studies and to facilitate a systematic evaluation of the effects of natural and human-induced stresses influencing the decline or recovery of coral reef systems. Digital video and diver surveys were used to quantify coral diversity, coral recruit density, the percent cover of corals, algae and other organisms, incidence of coral bleaching and disease, sea urchin density, and fish community structure at eight permanent sites surrounding the island of St. Croix (Buck Island, Cane Bay, Great Pond, Jacks/Isaacs Bay, Long Reef/Eagle Ray, Mutton Snapper, Salt River, and Sprat Hole) and six permanent sites surrounding the island of St. Thomas (Seahorse Cottage Shoal, South Capella, South Water, the Grammanik Bank, the Red Hind Bank, and College Shoal East). 2 Introduction: The U.S. Virgin Islands consists of three large islands, St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix, and numerous smaller islands surrounded by a diverse, tropical marine environment that includes coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests. The islands of St. Thomas and St John are joined by an extensive shallow water platform that connects them to Puerto Rico and the British Virgin Islands. Sixty-five kilometers to the south of St. Thomas and St. John, St. Croix lies on a separate platform. St. Croix is separated from St. Thomas and St. John by the Virgin Islands Trough (over 7,300 m deep). Tourism drives the Virgin Islands economy. The marine environment with its clean, clear water and fringing sandy beaches is our major tourist attraction. The waters of the Virgin Islands are ideal for sailing because of the persistent trade winds and the numerous bays that provide protected anchorages. The diverse marine life in the coral reefs and other habitats attracts thousands of skin and scuba divers each year. Sport fishing also makes an important contribution to the economy, especially on St. Thomas. In addition to their tourist appeal, the coral reefs and other habitats in the Virgin Islands are essential to the lives of hundreds of thousands of species including the economically important queen conch, whelk, snapper and grouper. Over three hundred full- time or part-time commercial fishermen fish in territorial and federal waters on all three islands. In tough economic times, fishing is an important means of supplemental income for many people. Over the past 20 years, eight major hurricanes, numerous outbreaks of disease and sporadic bleaching events have caused extensive coral mortality to the coral reefs surrounding the Virgin Islands (Gladfelter 1982: Edmunds and Witman 1991; Rogers et al. 1991; Causey et al. 2000). Recovery from these natural disturbances is hindered by a multitude of human impacts that affect coral reefs such as overfishing, ship groundings, anchor damage, and non-point source pollution (Roberts 1993; Sebens 1994; Rogers and Garrison 2001). Moreover, rapid development of inland and coastal areas has dramatically increased soil erosion and sedimentation onto many of these coral reefs (Rogers 1990; MacDonald et al. 1997; Anderson and MacDonald 1998). Chronic sedimentation may affect the abundance and diversity of corals and other reef organisms, increase coral stress and susceptibility to diseases and bleaching, and reduce the ability of corals and other reef organisms to recover and regenerate after natural disturbances such as hurricanes (Acevedo and Morelock 1988; Rogers 1990; Rice and Hunter 1992). The cumulative effects of these human impacts reduce coral abundance and larval recruitment and may make corals more susceptible to disease and bleaching (Nemeth and Sladek Nowlis 2001). 3 Most research around the Virgin Islands has focused on fringing reefs (5 – 30 m depth) located along the shoreline of the three main islands, St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix. In contrast, very little information exists for other reef systems, which can be quite extensive. Surrounding St. Thomas and St. John, these other reef systems include mid-shelf reefs (5 – 30 m depth) located 2 to 10 km from the shore of the main islands and shelf-edge reefs (>30 m depth) located 10 to 15 km offshore along the edge of the insular platform. Distance from shore may be a factor in the historical degeneration of coral reef systems in the Virgin Islands (Herzlieb et al. 2005). A systematic approach to investigating these cross- shelf coral reef systems allows us to evaluate the variable impacts and synergistic effects of natural impacts and human-induced stress that influence the decline or recovery of Caribbean coral reef systems. The first two years of this project (2001 and 2002) concentrated on the fringing reefs surrounding St. Croix (Nemeth et al. 2002; Nemeth et al. 2003a). In 2003, monitoring continued at St. Croix reefs and began at reef systems distributed across the insular platform surrounding St. Thomas. In 2004 and 2005, monitoring continued at reefs surrounding both islands, with additional reefs surrounding St. Thomas being added each year. Objectives for Monitoring Coral Reefs Effective management is necessary to maintain the resources in the territorial and federal waters of the Virgin Islands in an ecologically and economically sustainable manner. Monitoring programs are essential for successful management because they provide managers with fundamental information with which to make and enforce decisions. Standards for resource protection can be measured by comparison to baseline data established by monitoring. Monitoring also provides the means to assess the status and trends of ecological resources, allowing managers to determine the effectiveness of current management and to develop effective management plans for the future. The intent of this project is to monitor the condition of coral reefs throughout the U.S. Virgin Islands to better manage these ecosystems. This will be accomplished by continuing to monitor previously established reef sites surrounding St. Croix and St. Thomas. This report presents results from the fifth year of monitoring in St. Croix and the third year of monitoring in St. Thomas. For both islands, temporal changes from year to year in the conditions of the reef communities are assessed. In addition, biotic and abiotic parameters are compared among the mid-shelf and shelf-edge reefs of St. Thomas. 4 Section I: St. Croix Methods Benthic Assessments: Between August and October 2005, the University of the Virgin Islands determined the benthic composition at eight long-term monitoring sites previously established off the island of St. Croix. Two of the sites (Great Pond and Jacks Bay) are within the East End Marine Park Boundary (Figure 1, Table 1). Details on site selection and prior sampling methodology can be found in Nemeth et al. (2004). Table 1. St. Croix site location information and number of benthic transects at each site. Dates are for benthic cover assessments, followed by coral health/Diadema assessments, if done on separate days. Site Date Sampled GPS Coordinates Depth (ft.) No. of Transects Buck Island 8/9/05, 1/13/06 N 17° 47.122, W 64° 36.550 35 6 Cane Bay 8/29/05, 3/16/05 N 17° 46.433, W 64° 48.810 30 6 Great Pond 8/17/05, 11/22/05 N 17° 42.668, W 64° 39.148 14 6 Jacks/Isaac Bay 8/18/05, 11/22/05 N 17° 44.588, W 64° 34.309 35 6 Long Reef/Eagle Ray 8/8/05, 2/4/05 N 17° 45.688, W 64° 41.929 30 6 Mutton Snapper 10/20/05 N 17° 38.217, W 64° 51.683 75 6 Salt River West Wall 8/25/05, 10/13/05 N 17° 47.116, W 64° 45.564 20 6 Sprat Hole 10/4/05, 1/20/06 N 17° 44.038, W 64° 53.722 40 6 At all sites except Mutton Snapper, all video, coral disease and bleaching, and sea urchin density data were collected along six 10 m permanent transects established in previous years. For Mutton Snapper, transects were marked by haphazardly laying 10 m transect lines on areas judged to be representative of the reef. Since permanent transects were not established at this site, data from different years do not represent the exact area of reef, but do correspond to the same general area. To video sample, one diver swam along each transect videotaping the benthic cover using a Sony TRV-950 digital camcorder in a Light and Motion Stingray II underwater housing. The diver swam at a uniform speed, pointing the camera down and keeping the lens approximately 0.4 m above the substrate at all times. A guide wand attached to the camera housing was used to help the diver maintain the camera a constant distance above the reef. After taping, approximately 20 - 30 non-overlapping images per transect were captured and saved as JPEG files on a computer using a Sony video capture card. Captured images represented an area of reef approximately 0.31 m2 (0.64 m x 0.48 m). Microsoft Excel and Adobe Photoshop were used to superimpose ten randomly located dots on each captured image. The substrate type located under each of the dots was then identified to the most descriptive level possible and entered into a database. For each transect, the percent cover of 5 coral, dead coral with turf algae, macroalgae, sponges, gorgonians, and sand/sediment were calculated by dividing the number of random dots falling on that substrate type by the total number of dots for that transect. Mean values for percent cover were calculated for each site and coral diversity was measured by using the Shannon-Weaver diversity index. One-way ANOVA tests were performed to determine if there were significant differences in the percent cover of these benthic categories at each site between years after meeting assumptions. Percent cover values were arcsin transformed prior to testing. The Long Reef (macroalgae), Buck Island (sponges), Cane Bay (sand), and Jacks Bay (sand) sites did not have homogeneous variances across years and were compared with Wilcoxon/Kruskal- Wallis nonparametric tests. When main effects tests indicated significant differences across years, pairs of means were tested with a Tukey’s HSD. At all sites, all coral colonies >0.1 m in diameter or height that were located directly under the transect lines were measured for maximum width and height and assessed for signs of disease or bleaching. Assessments of each coral colony were done by estimating the percent surface area (planar view) appearing bleached and diseased for each colony. For each site, the mean percent of coral colonies with disease was calculated by dividing the number of colonies with disease by the total number of colonies assessed on each transect, then determining the mean value among all six transects. The mean percent of bleached colonies for each site was calculated in the same fashion. Repeated measures ANOVA tests were used to determine if there were significant differences in the percent of diseased and bleached colonies between years two through five. Since bleaching and disease data were collected by a different method in year one, comparisons to year one were not possible. Divers also counted the number of Diadema antillarum sea urchins within 1 m on either side of each transect at all sites. The mean number of sea urchins per 10 m2 was calculated for each site and a One-way ANOVA tests were performed to determine if there were differences in the mean density of sea urchins at each site between years. Fish Census: In 2005, fish assemblages were surveyed on St. Croix using two census methods. The first was the belt transect method of Brock (1954) as described previously (Nemeth et al. 2004). Belt transects were 30 x 2 m (60 m2). In brief, each diver affixed a transect tape to the seafloor at haphazardly chosen positions that were sufficiently separated from other transects (> 5 m) and slowly swam a straight distance parallel to the reef profile. All fish observed within this swath or passing in front of (but not behind) the diver were identified to species. Fish size (fork length) was estimated to the nearest cm, and number of individuals was recorded into the following size categories: < 5 cm; 5-10 cm; 10-20 cm; 20-30 cm; 30-40 cm, and >40 cm. During surveys, divers estimated fish length by reference to a PVC measuring “T-bar” marked in 1 cm increments (Bohnsack and Bannerot 1986). On St. Croix, diminutive/cryptic fish species (gobies, blennies, apogonids) were excluded from belt transect fish counts. At each site, ten replicate belt transects were conducted with the exception of Mutton Snapper [MS] site (3 transects). An attempt was made to standardize the duration of each belt transect to 20 minutes on St. Croix (see Table 1). In 2005, we continued the use of a second fish census method - the Roving Diver Survey (RDS; Kimmel 1985, Kramer and Lang 2003, Nemeth et al. 2005) - to compliment the use of belt transects at each site. In the RDS method, divers swam a haphazard circuit in the immediate vicinity of the survey site while listing all observed fish species into one of five abundance categories as follows: 1 fish; 2-10 fish, 10-100 fish; 101-1000 fish; and > 6 1000 fish. Observations were recorded onto blank underwater sheets, rather than pre-printed forms (i.e. divers generated a new species list for each survey). All observed fish species were recorded, including cryptic/diminutive species. For “rare species” (see results), FL was recorded for every individual observed. Each RDS was 30 minutes in duration and three or four replicate surveys were conducted at each site. RDS were not conducted at MS due to limited bottom time. On St. Croix, eight sites were surveyed between August 17 and October 20, 2005 (Table 2). The same eight sites were surveyed in 2004 (Nemeth et al. 2005) and in 2003 (Nemeth et al. 2004), and five of these were surveyed in 2002 as well (Toller 2002). See Nemeth et al. (2004) for complete site descriptions and locations. Survey information and observations were recorded onto underwater data forms. In the laboratory, data were entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and analyzed for descriptive statistics of reef fish assemblage structure (average density, species richness, Shannon Diversity [H'], etc.). A more comprehensive analysis of trends in fish assemblage structure will be forthcoming. Table 2. Summary of fish census effort on St. Croix, 2005. SR = Salt River, CB = Cane Bay, ER = Long Reef/Eagle Ray, SH = Sprat Hole, BI = Buck Island, IB = Jacks/Isaacs Bay, GP = Great Pond, MS = Mutton Snapper Survey Survey Total No. of Cumul. Survey Avg Time per Method Site Date Replicates Time (min) Transect (min) SR 23-Aug-05 10 165 16.5 CB 29-Aug-05 10 188 18.8 ER 25-Aug-05 10 197 19.7 SH 31-Aug-05 10 196 19.6 BI 2-Sep-05 10 176 17.6 IB 18-Aug-05 10 178 17.8 GP 17-Aug-05 10 167 16.7 MS 20-Oct-05 3 47 15.7 SR 23-Aug-05 3 90 30 CB 29-Aug-05 4 120 30 ER 25-Aug-05 4 120 30 SH 31-Aug-05 4 120 30 BI 2-Sep-05 4 120 30 IB 18-Aug-05 3 90 30 GP 17-Aug-05 4 120 30 MS na 0 - - Belt Transect Roving Diver 7 Results and Recommendations Benthic Assessments: In 2005, the percent cover of living coral at the St. Croix sites ranged from a low of 4.7% at Jack’s Bay to a high of 32% at Mutton Snapper. The percent cover of living coral remained fairly constant at each site from 2001 to 2005, with only Mutton Snapper showing a 7% decrease (Figure 2A). However, this decrease was not found to be statistically significant. In 2005, turf algae covering dead coral was the most dominant substrate type at most sites, except Mutton Snapper, where macroalgae was the most abundant substrate type. In 2005 dead coral with turf algae ranged from a low of 24.6% at the Mutton Snapper site to a high of 84.6% at Salt River (Figure 2B). At most sites, dead coral covered with turf algae varied between years, with a variable pattern of significant differences between years (Appendix IA). In 2004, macroalgae ranged from a low of 0.6% at Buck Island to a high of 36.5% at Mutton Snapper. Macroalgae also varied between years, with a variable pattern of significant differences (Appendix IB). In most cases, significant increases/decreases in turf algal cover corresponded with significant decreases/increases in macroalgal cover. Seasonal variations in macroalgal cover can affect the integrity of annual comparisons. See Nemeth et al. (2002, 2003a, and 2004) for detailed discussion involving the collection and analysis of turf and macroalgae video transect data. Sponges and gorgonians each comprised less than 10% of the benthic cover at all sites, with sponge cover increasing significantly at Buck Island between years 2001 and 2002 and 2003, 2004, and 2005 (Figure 2D, E). Sand/sediment was the predominant substrate type found at the sites, ranging from 0.0% at Long Reef to 4.2% at Cane Bay. The Percent cover of sand/sediment varied significantly between years for four sites (Figure 2F, Appendix IC), indicating a separation of sites into those with shifting sediment environments, Buck Is., Cane Bay, Jacks Bay, and Long Reef; a highly wave washed environment surrounded by pavement, Great Pond; sites on steeply sloping shores, not prone to sediment accumulation, Salt River and Sprat Hole; and a deep site away from terrestrial sediment sources and sediment resuspending turbulence, Mutton Snapper (Figure 2F). The coral reefs of St. Croix were generally dominated by coral species in the genus Montastraea. For analysis purposes, corals within the Montastraea annularis complex (M. annularis, M. faveolata, and M. franksii) were grouped into a single MACX category (Figure 3, Figure 4A-H). In 2005, Montastraea spp. were the most abundant corals at seven of the eight sites. Millepora complanata and Porites astreoides were the dominant corals at Great Pond, comprising 84.3% of the community in nearly equal proportions. At all sites, species composition tended to differ somewhat between years (Figure 4A-H). At several sites, year- to-year differences noted in percent composition of corals species (see Nemeth et al. 2004) remained constant or reversed. Buck Island, Cane Bay, Mutton Snapper, showed a leveling of the increasing trend of Montastrea complex dominance, while Sprat Hole showed an increase in P. astreoides at the apparent expense of the Montastrea complex and Salt River showed a jump in the Montastrea complex. In many cases, increases in Montastraea complex corals corresponded with decreases or only marginal increases of the stress tolerant corals Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea. This is encouraging, as it may indicate an improvement in overall reef quality at these sites. See Nemeth et al. (2004) for a more detailed discussion regarding these types of changes in reef community structure. For 2005, the Shannon – Weaver Diversity Index (H’) for coral ranged from a high of 2.47 at Salt River to a low of 0.52 at Mutton Snapper. Coral diversity increased or remained 8 nearly constant at most sites from 2003 to 2004, with the exception of Jacks Bay and Mutton Snapper (Figure 5). In 2005, a major bleaching event affected the USVI and is reflected in the unprecedented prevalence of bleaching encountered in sites sampled after August (Figure 6). Sites that showed no or little bleaching were sampled prior to the bleaching event (Table 1) and reflect background levels of bleaching and not resistance (e.g. Cane Bay and Long Reef). A full accounting of this event will be presented in the year six monitoring report. Long Reef showed the highest incidence of disease, with two cases of yellow blotch disease and one case of black band disease. Surprisingly, no cases of disease were recorded in corals sampled during the bleaching event, however, this changed as the event subsided, with massive colony and tissue loss due to epizootic outbreaks of white band disease (Smith, et al., in prep). A species by species accounting of the low incidence of disease in 2005, showed cases only in Montastrea spp. and Siderastrea siderea (Figure 7). An accounting over all years suggests that Montastrea franksi and S. siderea are the most affected by disease at study sites in St. Croix. No Diadema antillarum sea urchins were present at most sites in 2005, the exceptions being Great Pond (5.2 urchins/10 m2). Due to high variance and a high proportion of transects with zero values no significant differences in urchin density were found between years (Figure 8). Note that reporting of urchin population density from previous years was in number·20m-1, not in number·10m-1 (see Nemeth et al. 2002, 2003 and 2004). Values from previous years should be divided by 2 to scale properly to number·10m-1. Detailed summaries of the benthic data from each St. Croix site are included in Appendix I: Summary of Coral Video Data, Appendix II: Summary of Non-coral Video data, and Appendix III: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data. These data will be also made available on the University of the Virgin Islands web site http://rps.uvi.edu/VIMAS/reefs.htm. Fish Census: A general description of reef fish assemblages found at the eight St. Croix survey sites has already been given (Nemeth and Herzleib 2002, Toller 2002, Nemeth et al. 2003, Nemeth et al. 2004). Most of these characteristics were again observed in 2005 and are not discussed here. In terms of reef fish abundance, richness, and diversity (Figure 9A-C), variability was again high within and among sites [see Appendix 1 for detailed species composition]. However, observations at each site remained relatively consistent between years (Figure 9A-C). Exceptions to these generalized observations (listed in Table 2) are discussed separately below. In belt transects, a total of 25,479 individuals were observed across all sites (data pooled), representing 100 species from 36 families (Appendix V). Using RDS, a total of 127 species were observed representing 42 families (Appendix VI). Combining data from belt transects and RDS observations, a total of 137 species were recorded in 2005 surveys. As reported for 2003 and 2004, small fish predominated in 2005 surveys (Appendix VII). Most fish (10,081 fish or 39.6 %) fell into the small size category (5 – 10 cm), and 97.0 % of all fish observations were < 20 cm in length. Few large fish (30-40 cm) were observed (88 fish or 0.35 %) and even fewer very large fish (> 40 cm) were observed (32 fish or 0.13 %). 9 Fish abundance, as examined by 10 families (Figure 10A-J), was also similar among years. For example, families dominated by small planktivorous species (e.g. labrids and pomacentrids) were numerically dominant at all sites in 2003, 2004, and 2005 (Figure 10A, B). Groupers (Serranidae) and snappers (Lutjanidae) were relatively rare (Figure 10E, F) and small in size. Typically, observations were of diminutive serranids, such as hamletfish (Hypoplectrus spp.), harlequin bass (Serranus tigrinis) and tobaccofish (S. tabacarius) or of smallish species such as coney (Cephalopholis fulvus) and graysby (C. cruentatus). Comparisons of fish families across years (Figure 10A-J) showed few pronounced change in abundance or species composition. Exceptions are discussed below. Observed Trends in Reef Fish Assemblages Five different changes, or trends, were evident in St. Croix reef fish assemblages based upon results of 2005 surveys in comparison to data from 2003 and 2004 (Table 3). Each trend is presented individually below. Table 3. Observed trends in fish communities on St. Croix between 2003 and 2004 In 2005 surveys, the mackerel scad, Decapterus macarellus (Carangidae) was observed in great abundance at ER and in lesser abundances at CB and BI. Mackerel scad are considered occasional on St. Croix (Clavijo et al. 1980), and schools are occasionally observed over outer reefs (Randall 1967). Mackerel scad was not recorded during 2003 or 2004 surveys. In 2005, this species was observed to swim rapidly in compact schools foraging several meters below the surface. Combined observations (1,790 fish) at ER were sufficiently large to elevate the mackeral scad to the 9th most commonly observed fish species by rank abundance (all sites pooled). However, it is believed that the large numbers recorded at ER correspond to a single large school of ~ 450 fish that was observed multiple times during independent belt transects. Overall fish abundance at ER was markedly higher in 2005 than in previous years (Figure 9A). This increase is attributed in large part to schooling mackerel scad (above), and also to an increase in the average abundance of creole wrasse, Clepticus parrae (Labridae). Creole wrasse abundance was 4 fish/survey in 2003 and 7.2 fish/survey in 2004. In contrast, in 2005 creole wrasse were observed at 116.7 fish/survey, representing a greater than ten-fold increase. Most (94.6%) C. parrae observed at ER were larger individuals (FL 10 – 20 cm), indicating primarily adult fish. Creole wrasses are only loosely associated with reefs (Randall 1967) and this localized increase in abundance may be explained by the foraging movements of large schools of adults. It is suspected that C. parrae and D. macarellus, which are both schooling planktivorous species, had congregated in the survey area to feed on suspended materials in tidal currents exiting Christiansted Harbor. A decline in pomacentrid abundance at MS is suggested by Figure 10B. Examination of species composition suggests that the abundance of blue chromis declined by about 70 % Carangidae mackerel scad increase na schooling Labridae creole wrasse increase 10-20 cm schooling, natural variation striped parrotfish increase < 5 cm variable recruitment patterns princess parrotfish decrease < 5 cm variable recruitment patterns French grunt decrease - fishing, natual variation white grunt decrease - fishing, natual variation MS Pomacentridae blue chromis decrease all natural variation, sampling artifact - Serranidae red hind increase - variable recruitment patterns, enhanced recruitment SR,CB GP, MS Fish Family Affected Species ER Haemulidae Scaridae BI Affected Size Class Observed Trend: 2003/4 to 2005 Most Probable Explanation (see text) Site 10 while the abundance of most other pomacentrid species remained relatively constant between years at this site. Declines affected all size classes, but were most pronounced in the smallest class (< 5 cm FL). It must also be noted that the very limited number of observations (3 transects) obtained in 2005 make it difficult to draw robust inferences. The collective abundance of grunts (Haemulidae) declined appreciably in 2005, and haemulid abundance was markedly reduced at four sites (SR, CB, GP, and MS) as shown in Figure 10G. Grunt observations in 2005 and previous years have been dominated by one species – French grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum. The observed decline in H. flavolineatum abundance across three years is shown in Figure 11A. White grunt (H. plumieri), which are locally less abundant than French grunt, were also observed to decline in 2005 (Figure 11B). The reason for a decline in abundance of either species is unknown. Both H. flavolineatum and H. plumieri are of importance to commercial and recreational fishers of St. Croix and are frequently taken with net, trap, hook and line, or spear (Toller, pers. Obs.). Decreased haemulid abundance may be related to harvest pressure, however this inference should be substantiated with fishery-dependent data on landings of haemulids. Nemeth et al. (2004) reported a trend of parrotfish decline at BI between 2003 and 2004. Based upon examination of size structure, they attributed this decline to poor recruitment at BI in 2004. In 2005, the decline in parrotfish abundance at BI had apparently reversed, and scarids were observed at abundances comparable to those of 2003. Parrotfish diversity remained relatively high (7-9 species) at BI and species composition was similar among years (not shown). Further examination of scarid size classes (Figure 12) indicates that in 2005 small fishes (< 5 cm) were more abundant than in 2004. Striped parrotfish (Scarus iserti) dominated observations in the smallest size class and showed increased abundance over previous years. Redband parrotfish (Sparisoma aurofrenatum) and stoplight parrotfish recruits were comparable among years but princess parrotfish (Scarus taeniopterus) recruits declined relative to 2003 and 2004. Together, these data suggest that inter-annual variation in scarid abundance at BI may be influenced by species-specific patterns of recruitment. RDS Observations of Rare Species The RDS method was incorporated into the St. Croix annual fish survey in 2004 to provide greater detection of “rare species” (commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fishes). In particular, it was suggested that RDS would enable quantification of the larger, long-lived resident reef fishes (e.g. some grouper and snapper species) that were nearly absent from previous years’ fish surveys on St. Croix. The RDS method was found to effectively increase our ability to enumerate species and to provide additional sensitivity for detecting rare species (Nemeth et al. 2004). Results from 2005 surveys of RDS observations for rare species are summarized in Table 4 (more detailed information is presented in Appendix VI). From a list of 12 targetted fishes, observations in 2005 yeilded a similar species list as in 2004. In 2005, only four rare species were observed by either belt transect or RDS methods: red hind (Epinephelus guttatus), tiger grouper (Mycteroperca tigris), mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis), and Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus). The single E. striatus individual (FL = 36 cm) observed at BI was the first record for this species during the past three years of St. Croix fish surveys. The observation corresponds, probably not coincidentally, to the recently expanded no fishing area encompassed within Buck Island Reef National Monument. Table 4. Comparison of reef fish community richness estimates obtained using belt transects and roving diver surveys (RDS) at seven St. Croix sites, 2004. Total No. Spp. Site Obs. at Site Total Survey No. Spp. Avg. No. Per % of Total Total Survey No. Spp. Avg. No. Per % of Total (either method) Time (min) Observed Repl. (St.Dev) Obs. at site Time (min) Observed Repl. (St.Dev) Obs. at site SR 77 185 54 21.1 (5.9) 70.1% 120 73 35.0 (13.8) 94.8% CB 75 193 55 27.1 (3.1) 73.3% 150 72 41.6 (7.6) 96.0% ER 80 173 52 24.7 (3.5) 65.0% 120 73 47.0 (9.2) 91.3% SH 78 184 61 28.3 (3.9) 78.2% 120 65 40.0 (13.3) 83.3% BI 70 164 57 24 (3.5) 81.4% 90 59 36.3 (11.2) 84.3% IB 68 168 49 20.3 (4.8) 72.1% 90 63 40.7 (11.5) 92.6% GP 69 180 51 20.8 (3.2) 73.9% 150 64 39.0 (7.8) 92.8% Avg 73.9 178.1 54.1 23.8 73.4% 120.0 67.0 39.9 90.7% RDS Belt Transects 12 Table 5. Abundance of 12 commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fish species on St. Croix, 2005 Site Method Total Survey Time (min) Salt River belt 165 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - RDS 90 - - - 0.33 (0-1) 0.33 (0-1) - - - - - - - Cane Bay belt 188 - - - - - - - - - - - - RDS 120 - - - - - - - - - - - - Isaac's Bay belt 178 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - RDS 90 - - - - 1.33 (0-2) - - - - - - - Eagle Ray belt 197 - - - - 3 - - - - - - - RDS 120 - - - - 1.0 (0-2) - - - - - - - Sprat Hole belt 196 - - - - - - 1 - - - - - RDS 120 - - - - 0.25 (0-1) - 0.25 (0-1) - - - - - Buck Island belt 176 - - - - 6 - - - - - - - RDS 120 0.25 (0-1) - - - 1.0 (0-2) - 0.25 (0-1) - - - - - Great Pond belt 167 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - RDS 120 - - - - 0.5 (0-1) - - - - - - - Mutton Snapper** belt 47 - - - - - - - - - - - - **At Mutton Snapper site, only three belt transects were conducted. No RDS were performed. Relative Fish Abundance* *Belt transect observations reported as total number of fish in 10 replicate surveys. RDS observations reported as mean Abundance Index (AI) over 3 or 4 replicate surveys with maximun and minimum AI in parentheses. AI: 0=no fish, 1=1fish, 2=2-10 fish, 3=11-100 fish, 4=101-1000 fish, 5= >1000 fish. 13 Recommendations The foregoing results indicate that our methodological approach is relatively robust for the study of coral reef fish communities and trends can be distinguished in some instances. Continued monitoring will undoubtedly reveal more temporal patterns. However, as noted previously (Nemeth et al. 2004), any conclusions about status and trends of St. Croix’s coral reef fish communities are still compromised by lack of a stratified sampling design. The threat(s) under study should be identified explicitly and a priori so that appropriate data are collected to test for correlations. Most of the salient threats to USVI coral reef ecosystems have been identified (Catanzaro et al. 2002). With respect to coral reef fish communities of St. Croix, a rather obvious threat is overfishing. Fishing pressure may alter reef fish community structure in numerous ways (e.g. Dayton et al. 2002) however two impacts are likely to be detected using visual census methods: 1) the reduction in absolute abundance of targeted species, and 2) the selective removal of the largest individuals from populations of targeted species. Data collected in this study to date, however, have treated either the entire diversity of fish assemblages at specific reef sites or trends within individual families of fish. Instead, an emphasis should be placed on species-level information for fish that are targeted by the local fishery. Fisheries- dependent information is directly applicable to our monitoring study design and analyses. The last stock assessment for the USVI was conducted 12 years ago (Appeldoorn et al. 1992) and harvest patterns may have changed in the interim. However, biostatistical data from the USVI commercial fisher port sampling program have been collected for reef fish landings on St. Croix for over 20 years. This under-utilized database could be used to focus sampling and analytical efforts towards targeted fish species. 14 Section II: St. Thomas Methods Benthic Assessments: Through late April until early June 2005, the University of the Virgin Islands assessed the benthic composition at six sites in St. Thomas, USVI (Figure 13, Table 6). Three of these sites were established in 2003, one was established in 2004, and two sites (South Water and College Shoal East) were added in 2005. Monitoring in St. Thomas was based upon a stratified design to test hypotheses involving differences between reef systems located at different points along the insular platform, as well as to fill gaps in existing knowledge on previously unstudied reef systems. See Nemeth et al. (2003a and 2003b) for a detailed description and rational for site selection. Table 6. St. Thomas site location information. 1 mid-shelf sites 2 shelf-edge sites Video transects, coral disease and bleaching assessments, and sea urchin counts were all performed using the same methodology as previous years (see Nemeth et al. 2003a). In addition, one way ANOVA tests were used to test for significant differences in arcsine transformed percent cover of coral, dead coral covered with turf algae, macroalgae, sponges, gorgonians, and sand/sediment across years at each site. Site Date Sampled GPS Coordinates Depth (ft.) No. of Transects No. of Quadrats Seahorse Cottage Shoal1 5/09/05 N 18° 17.680, W 64° 52.050 61 - 80 6 30 South Capella1 5/03/05 N 18° 15.760, W 64° 52.342 80 6 30 South Water1 6/01/05 N 18° 16.841, W 64° 56.755 75 6 30 Grammanik Bank2 4/27/05 N 18° 11.468, W 64° 57.019 126 6 30 Red Hind Bank2 4/29/05 N 18° 12.130, W 65° 00.095 128 - 131 6 30 College Shoal East2 4/28/05 N 18° 11.141, W 65° 04.606 93 - 109 6 30 15 Fish Census: On St. Thomas six sites were surveyed between 27 April and 11 May 2005 (Table 7). Four of these sites were sampled in 2004 (Nemeth et al. 2005) and three in 2003 (Nemeth et al. 2004). As outlined earlier in this report, sites were stratified based on proximity to the Puerto Rican shelf edge. Three sites, South Water Island (WI), Seahorse Cottage Shoal (SCS), and South Capella (SCP) were roughly midway between St. Thomas and the southern edge of the insular shelf while the other three sites, College Shoal East (CSE), Grammanik Bank (GB), and Red Hind Bank (RHB) were on or within 500 m of the shelf edge. For detailed site descriptions see Nemeth et al. 2004, 2005 and the previous section of this report. Table 7. Summary of fish census effort on St. Thomas, 2005 Survey Method Site Survey Date Total No. of Replicates Cumul. Survey Time (min) Ave. Time per Replicate (min) WI 11-May-05 10 75 7.5 SCS 9-May-05 10 75 7.5 SoCap 3-May-05 10 75 7.5 CSE 5-May-05 10 75 7.5 RH 6-May-05 10 75 7.5 GB 2-May-05 10 75 7.5 WI 10-May-05 3 90 30 SCS 9-May-05 3 90 30 SoCap 3-May-05 3 90 30 CSE 28-Apr-05 3 45 15 RH 6-May-05 3 45 15 GB 27-Apr-05 3 45 15 Belt Transect Roving Diver Fish census methods were similar to those employed on St. Croix in 2005. Both belt transects and RDS’s were used, differing from the methodology described for St. Croix earlier in this report in two ways. First, belt transects were standardized to 7.5 min in duration on St. Thomas as opposed to 15 min on St. Croix. Ten replicate belt transects were conducted on all six sites. Second, RDS replicate surveys differed in duration in St. Thomas depending on site. On the relatively shallow (< 28 m) midshelf sites (WI, SCS, SCP) replicates were 30 min in duration. Deep water (>28 m) offshore site surveys (CSE, GB, RHB) were limited to 15 min. All RDS replicates were sub-divided into 5 min intervals so the number of species encountered at all sites could be compared over time. Data from all fish surveys were recorded, transcribed onto Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and analyzed for descriptive statistics of reef fish assemblage structure similarly to that described from St. Croix. 16 Results and Recommendations Benthic Assessments: At the St. Thomas sites in 2005, percent cover of living coral ranged from a low of 2.6% at South Water to a high of 41.7% at the College Shoal East. Both the Grammanik Bank and South Capella sites were significantly different between years (Figure 14A, Appendix I), however, there were no trends over time. The percent cover of dead coral covered with turf algae ranged from 11.5% at College Shoal East to 22.9% at South Water (Figure 14B). The percent cover of macroalgae ranged from 37.6% and 37.8% at the Grammanik Bank and Red Hind Bank, respectively, to 59.5% at South Water (Figure 14C). Sponges, gorgonians, and sand/sediment each comprised less than 10% of the benthic cover at all sites, except for the Red Hind Bank, where the percent cover of sponges was 12.4% (Figure 14D-F). Gorgonians did not vary significantly for any site over the years sampled. The coral reefs of St. Thomas were dominated by coral species in the genus Montastraea. Coral species composition was similar between mid-shelf and shelf-edge sites and between years for all sites. Corals within the M. annularis complex were the most abundant corals at all sites (Figure 15, Figure16). In 2005, the Shannon – Weaver Diversity Index (H’) for coral ranged from a high of 2.0 at the South Water to a low of 0.45 at South Capella. The pattern of diversity between mid-shelf and shelf-edge was variable, with no clear pattern between strata (Figure 17). Coral diseases in the 2005 sampling were only encountered at Seahorse Cottage Shoal and South Capella, in contrast to previous years when diseases were more evenly distributed and generally present (Figure 18A). Seahorse Cottage Shoal showed the highest incidence of diseased coral colonies at 2.8%, while South Water showed the highest prevalence of bleaching at 48.7. Bleaching affected nearly half the coral colonies at the South Water site, and maintained low background levels at the other sites (Figure 18B). Montastraea franksii was the most common coral with disease, while Siderastrea siderea was the coral most commonly affected by bleaching (Figure 19). Diseases observed by divers included black band disease, dark spots disease, yellow blotch disease and white plague. D. antillarum sea urchins were observed only at the Grammanik Bank, with a density of 0.1 urchins/10 m2. No significant differences in sea urchin density were found between years or reef systems. Detailed summaries of the benthic data from each St. Thomas site are included in Appendix II: Summary of Coral Video Data, Appendix III: Summary of Non-coral Video data, Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data. These data will be posted on the University of the Virgin Islands website in the near future. 17 Fish Census: A total of 7590 fish representing 83 species and 24 families were recorded during belt transects in 2005 (Appendix XI). Using RDS, 95 species representing 29 families were observed (Appendix XII). Combined, 97 species and 29 families were recorded from St. Thomas in 2005. As in St. Croix, small fish predominated the belt surveys (Appendix XIII). Most individuals (4280 or 56.4%) were less than 5 cm in length and 95.1% were less than 20 cm in length. Large fish observed (30-40 cm) constituted 0.5 % (38 fish) of the total, and very large fish (> 40 cm) made up 0.6 % (47 fish). The most abundant fish at all sites except CSE was the blue chromis (Chromis cyanea, n=1829). On CSE the most dominant fish was the creole wrasse (Clepticus parrae, n=657). Total fish abundance in 2005 was variable between and within sites but was higher on all annually repeated survey sites except GB where it was slightly lower than in both 2003 and 2004 (Figure 20A). Total fish abundance was not related to the site’s proximity to the shelf edge. On CSE, fish abundance was artificially high due to a large school of creole wrasse (n =150-200 fish) that swam through several transects. High total abundance on SCP was due to large numbers of pomacentrids including blue chromis, bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus) and three-spot damselfish (S. planifrons), all of which were recorded in at levels nearly triple those in 2004 (Nemeth et al. 2005). Species richness and diversity were higher in 2005 than 2004 at all repeated survey sites except RHB, where diversity was slightly lower (Figure 20 B,C). Both species richness and diversity were slightly higher on mid-shelf sites than on the shelf edge. Among the mid- shelf sites WI was lowest in community species richness and community diversity, as well as in total fish abundance. The abundance of fish by family for St. Thomas sites are shown in Figure 21A-J. Densities increased for all families at all sites from 2004 to 2005. Labrid densities were high at CSE as mentioned above, due to a large school of creole wrasse at the site. Pomacentrids were in relatively high abundance on all sites and were comprised almost entirely of blue chromis, brown chromis (C. multilineata), bicolor damselfish (S. partitus) and 3-spot damselfish (S. planifrons). Blue chromis were in especially high densities on SCP and CSE. The herbivorous pomacentrid species (Stegastes planifrons, S. leucostictus and S. diencaeus) were common on the mid-shelf sites but were absent in the shelf edge site transects (Appendix XI). Acanthurids were relatively common on the mid-shelf sites and less abundant on the shelf edge. Acanthurid abundance increased from 2003 and 2004 to 2005 on all four of the re-surveyed sites, but increases were more dramatic on the mid-shelf sites, SCS and SCP. Mirroring the acanthurids, scarid abundance increased on all sites from 2004 to 2005, with the most dramatic increases on the two mid-shelf sites (SCS, SCP). The abundance of large serranids was low on all sites but was highest on GB. Serranids on the mid-shelf sites were represented primarily by the red hind (Epinephelus guttatus), graysby (E. cruentatus) and coney (E. fulvus), while on the off-shore sites were represented by tiger grouper (Mycteroperca tigris), red hind (Epinephelus guttatus), yellowfin grouper (M. venenosa) and yellowmouth grouper (M. interstitialis), (Appendix XI). The increase in large serranid density on GB was due to relatively high numbers of tiger grouper recorded at that site. The survey site is in a tiger grouper spawning aggregation area although spawning has been observed there only in March and April (Nemeth et al. 2004). Lutjanids densities were highest at GB and RHB, due to large numbers of schoolmaster snapper (Lutjanus apodus) aggregating at those sites presumably to spawn. Lane snapper (L. synagris) and gray snapper (L. griseus) spawn on SCS during June and July (pers. obs.), and these species were recorded 18 in both belt transects and RDS surveys at that site. Haemulids were in low abundance at offshore sites but showed a large increase in abundance at SCS. This increase was due to one school of sub-adult tomtate (Haemulon aurolineatum) that were not present at the other sites or in 2004. Chaetodontids increased dramatically at SCS from 2004 to 2005 but most noticeably were absent from WI. This may reflect the lower stony coral cover and/or physical relief at WI. Pomacanthids were uncommon or absent at all sites, however there was an increase in number from 2004 to 2005. Balistids, represented by queen triggerfish (Balistes vetula), black durgon (Melichthys niger) and ocean triggerfish (Canthidermis sufflamen) were nearly absent from all sites except CSE where large numbers of black durgon were observed. RDS Observations of Rare Species (St. Thomas) As on St. Croix, the RDS method was incorporated into the annual fish surveys to provide greater detection of commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fishes. Results from 2005 RDS surveys are presented in Appendix XII and observations of rare species from these surveys are summarized in Table 8. Table 8. Abundance of 12 commercially important, rare and/or vulnerable fish species, St. Thomas 2005 Higher numbers of commercially important and/or rare species were detected by RDS and belt transects on St. Thomas than St. Croix in both 2004 and 2005 (Table 8). Five species of grouper including the red hind, yellowfin, yellowmouth, tiger and Nassau (E. striatus) were observed in RDS surveys in 2005 in St. Thomas. All of these species except the Nassau grouper were observed on both the Grammanik Bank and the Red Hind Bank, and more observations were recorded on both sites in 2005 than 2004. The Grammanik Bank was closed to fishing from February through May 2005, and the Red Hind Bank has been closed permanently to fishing since 1999. The high number (relative to St. Croix) of grouper observations on the south edge of the Puerto Rican shelf may be due to prolonged protection of these commercially exploited fish in the Marine Conservation Area, which encompasses the Red Hind Bank and lays within 3 km of the Grammanik Bank. The alternative hypothesis is that the natural benthic attributes and oceanographic processes present on the south edge of the Puerto Rican shelf attract and keep fish on these sites at the exclusion of other areas. The increased number of grouper observations from 2004 to 2005 is probably due to seasonal or Site Method Total Survey Time (min) South Water Island belt 75 2 - - - 2 - - - - - - RDS 90 - - - - 1.3 (1,2) - 0.7 (0,2) - - - - - Seahorse Cottage belt 75 - - - - 2 - 2 1 - - - - RDS 90 0.3 (0,1) - - - 1.7 (1,2) - 2.7 (2,3) - 1.0 (0,2) - - - South Capella belt 75 - - - - - - 2 - - - - RDS 90 0.3 (0,1) - - - - - 0.7 (0,1) 1.7 (1,2) - - - - College Shoal East belt 75 - - 1 1 3 - - - - - - - RDS 45 - - - 0.3 (0,1) - - 1.3 (0,2) - - - - Red Hind Bank belt 75 - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - RDS 45 - 0.7 (0,2) 0.3 (0,1) 1.7 (1,2) 1.3 (1,2) - 0.7 (0,2) - - - - - Grammanik Bank belt 75 - 2 5 20 1 45 - - - - - - RDS 45 - 1.7 (1,2) 0.3 (0,1) 2.0 (2,2) 0.3 (0,1) 2.7 (2,3) - - 0.3 (0,1) - - - *Belt transect occurances reported as total number of fish observed over 10 repetitive surveys. RDS occurances reported as mean Abundance Index (AI) over 3 repetitive surveys with maximum and minimum AI in parentheses. AI: 0=no fish, 1=1 fish, 2=2-10 fish, 3=11-100 fish, 4=101-1000 fish, 5>1000 fish. midnight parrotfish Relative fish abundance* Nassau grouper yellowfin grouper yellowmouth group tiger grouper red hind cubera snapper mutton snapper dog snapper hogfish rainbow parrotfish blue parrotfish 19 inter-annual variability, or is an artifact of our small sample size. Mutton snapper (L. analis) and dog snapper (L. jocu) were observed slightly more often in 2005 than 2004 on the mid- shelf sites, and cubera were observed in high numbers on the Grammanik Bank. Inadvertently, surveys were conducted 7 days after the full moon in August, which is during the time period that cubera snapper are known to aggregate to spawn on the Grammanik Bank (Kadison et al. in press). Summary of Fish Data Total fish abundance was lower in St. Thomas than St. Croix on belt transects due in part to differences in methodology. Transects were at least twice as long in duration on St. Croix, rendering comparisons between islands invalid. On St. Thomas, total fish abundance was variable within strata and sites, however community species richness and diversity was higher on mid-self sites than shelf-edge sites. Acanthurids and scarids were in higher abundance on mid-shelf sites than deeper off-shore sites and had greater increases in abundance from 2004 to 2005 on midshelf sites. Scarid density increases involved primarily very small fish (< 5 cm) and were probably due to natural variations in recruitment of juvenile fish to the reef. Large serranids were rare but were much more common in St. Thomas belt transects and RDS surveys than in St. Croix. Most large serranids were made observed at the Grammanik Bank, the site most closely associated with the shelf edge. Lutjanids were common only on the Grammanik Bank, Red Hind Bank and Seahorse Cottage Shoal, which are all sites on which lutjanids spawn in the summer months. A summary of observed trends in St. Thomas fish assemblages, based on belt transects and RDS is in Table 9. Table 9. Observed trends in St. Thomas fish assemblages between 2005 and previous survey periods (2003-2004). SCS, SCP Haemulidae french grunt, tomtate increase 10-20 cm natural variation schoolmaster snapper increase 30-40 cm spawning aggregation, long term protection cubera snapper increase > 40 cm spawning aggregation SCS, SCP Lutjanidae Serranidae GB. RHB Affected Size Class Observed Trend: 2003/4 to 2005 Most Probable Explanation (see text) Site Fish Family Affected Species Acanthuridae blue tang, ocean surgeon, doctorfish natural variation, long-term protection increase > 40 cm increase 10-20 cm natural variation Scaridae all groupers GB, RHB increase stripped parrotfish, redband parrotfish variable recruitment patterns < 5 cm SCS, SCP 20 Summary St. Croix On St. Croix, turf algae covering dead coral was the dominant substrate at most sampled sites, ranging from 10.7% to 82.2%. The percent cover of other benthic organisms ranged from 4.2% to 35.2% for living hard coral, 4.9% to 57.0% for macroalgae, 0.1% to 4.2% for sponges, and 0% to 9.5% for gorgonians. Coral species composition was similar between most sites. Coral diversity (H’) varied between 0.78 and 2.19 between sites. Coral condition varied between sites with incidence of coral disease and bleaching ranging from 0% to 5.6% and 1.5% to 9.8%, respectively. Diadema sea urchins were uncommon and observed on transects at only two of the eight sites. Annual comparisons showed little change in percent cover of live coral. However, species composition tended to differ between years at all sites. At several sites, trends indicating possible decreases in reef quality reversed in 2004. At this stage, it is difficult to attribute these changes in species composition to a specific cause. Due to the slow growth rates of corals, assessments must continue over a greater time period to determine if these changes are the result of actual changes in coral community structure, or are the result of sampling variation. Coral diversity increased at most sites from 2001 to 2004. Percent cover of sponges, gorgonians and sand remained fairly constant between years, with only one site (Buck Island) showing significant changes in percent sponge cover between year 2003 and other sampled years. Percent cover of turf and macroalgae varied significantly between years at most sites. Between 2003 and 2004, percent cover turf algae tended to decrease at most sites, with corresponding increases in macroalgal cover. This trend warrants special attention, as macroalgae can overgrow or overshadow corals, leading to a loss of live coral and a phase shift to a macroalgal dominated reef. Levels of disease tended to decrease in 2004, while levels of bleaching varied between sites and years. Only one type of disease (dark spots disease) was observed in 2004, in contrast to several diseases in previous years. No significant annual differences in sea urchin density were found. Fish abundance averaged from approximately 200 to 400 fish per census. The number of fish species observed at the St. Croix sites ranged from 68 to 80 species. The St. Croix fish fauna was numerically dominated by planktivorous wrasses and damselfishes. The commercially important large groupers, snappers, and angelfishes were uncommon to absent at all sites. The majority of fish observed in 2004 were small, with most fish <5 cm. Relatively few large fish (30 – 40 cm) and very few larger fish (>40 cm) were observed. Changes in reef fish communities between 2003 and 2004 were evident at four of the St. Croix sites. Changes at three of these sites can be attributed to natural variation. Changes at the fourth site (a decrease in surgeonfish and parrotfish abundance at Jacks/Isaac Bay) can be attributed to fishing pressure from trap or trammel net commercial fishing. The ecological consequences of over-harvesting the predominant vertebrate herbivores from a coral reef ecosystem are detrimental and surgeonfish and parrotfish populations in St. Croix should be closely monitored in the future. 21 Results to date indicate that the approach being used to monitor St. Croix fish communities is relatively robust and trends can be distinguished in some instances. However, as noted previously (Nemeth et al. 2004), conclusions about the status and trends of these fish communities are compromised by the lack of a stratified sampling design. Also, more emphases should be placed on species-level information for locally targeted fisheries species. Incorporating biostatistical data from the USVI commercial fisher port sampling program to identify the most targeted species can enhance the effectiveness of this monitoring program. St. Thomas On St. Thomas, macroalgae was the predominant substrate at three of the four sites, and ranged from 33.1% to 40.4% across all sites. Living coral was the predominant substrate at one site (the Grammanik Bank) and ranged from 25.7% to 49.6% across all sites. The percent cover of sponges ranged from 2.9% to 5.7% and the percent cover of gorgonians ranged from 0% to 3.5%. There were no significant differences in percent cover for any benthic category between mid-shelf, and shelf-edge reefs. The coral reefs of St. Thomas were generally dominated by coral species in the genus Montastraea, with species composition being similar between reef systems. Coral diversity (H’) ranged between 0.90 and 1.38, with mid-shelf sites tending to have lower diversity than shelf-edge sites. Levels of coral bleaching and disease were similar between reef systems and ranged from 2.5% to 10.4% and 20.2% to 27.93%, respectively. Diadema sea urchins were uncommon and observed only at one site, with no significant difference in sea urchin density between reef systems. Benthic composition, coral community structure, and coral diversity were similar between 2003 and 2004. There were no significant differences in levels of coral disease between 2003 and 2004. Levels of bleaching tended to increase in 2004, with significant increases at two sites. Abiotic factors at the St. Thomas reefs tended to differ between the sampled mid- shelf site (Flat Cay) and the shelf-edge site (the Red Hind Bank). Current headed predominantly west at Flat Cay and predominantly both north and south at the Red Hind Bank. Since Flat Cay is located east of the most heavily developed areas of St. Thomas, this reef may be significantly affected by terrigenous stresses despite the reef’s mid-shelf location (see Nemeth et al. 2004 for a more detailed discussion). Daily mean temperature at Flat Cay tended to be higher than the Red Hind Bank. Higher current speeds occurred in late summer at both sites and the highest temperatures occurred in August at both sites. Current and temperature patterns in 2004 were very similar to those recorded in 2003 (see Nemeth et al. 2004). 22 Fish abundance averaged from approximately 60 to 100 fish per census. The number of fish species observed at the St. Thomas sites ranged from 40 to 72 species. The St. Thomas fish fauna was numerically dominated by planktivorous wrasse and damselfishes at all sites. The commercially important large groupers, snappers, angelfishes, and triggerfishes were observed at low densities at all sites. The majority of fish observed in 2004 were small or intermediate in size, with most falling into the 5 – 10 cm size category. Relatively few large fish were observed. Three of the St. Thomas sites monitored in this study have been determined as spawning aggregation sites for grouper (Red Hind Bank, Grammanik Bank) and snapper (Seahorse Cottage Shoal, Red Hind Bank, and Grammanik Bank). The Red Hind Bank is within a marine protected area (Red Hind Bank Marine Conservation District), while Seahorse Cottage Shoal and the Grammanik Bank are currently unprotected. Continued monitoring at these sites is vital to detect changes in these ecologically important areas. The number of groupers and snappers observed in St. Thomas decreased from 2003 to 2004. Since densities of these fish are generally low, this difference may be a reflection of natural variation. However, it may be the result of fishing pressure. In particular, the Grammanik Bank is unprotected and regularly fished, especially during the spawning season. Over- harvesting of aggregating fishes at this site may have impacts throughout the territory and could be responsible for the decrease in the number of groupers observed in 2004. Protection of spawning aggregation sites is essential for the proper management of Virgin Islands fisheries. 23 Acknowledgments This study was funded by grant NA04NOS4260298 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awarded to the Division of Coastal Zone Management, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, U.S. Virgin Islands. UVI CMES wishes to thank Kenneth Turbe, Kevin Brown, Ryan Haberman, Steve Prosterman, and Franck Berry for field support and valuable assistance with data collection and analysis, as well as Marilyn Henderson for providing smiles and administrative support. 24 Literature Cited Acevedo, R and J Morelock (1988) Effects of terrigenous sediment influx on coral reef zonation in southwestern Puerto Rico. Proc. 6th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 8:189-194. Anderson, DM and LH MacDonald (1998) Modeling road surface sediment production using a vector geographic information system. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 23:95-107. Appeldoorn, R, J Beets, J Bohnsack, S Bolden, D Matos, S Meyers, A Rosario, Y Sadovy, and W Tobias (1992) Shallow water reef fish stock assessment for the U.S. Caribbean. U.S. Dept. of Commerce. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-304. 70 pp. Bohnsack, JA, and Bannerot, SP (1986) A stationary visual census technique for quantitatively assessing community structure of coral reef fishes. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 41, U.S. Dept of Commerce, 15 pp. Brock, V. E. (1954) A preliminary report on a method of estimating reef fish populations. J. Wildlife Management 18:297-308. Catanzaro, D, C Rogers, Z Hillis-Starr, R Nemeth, and M Taylor (2002) Status of coral reefs of the U.S. Virgin Islands. In: The state of coral reef ecosystems of the United States and Pacific freely associated states: 2002. Turgeon et al. NOAA/NOS, Silver Springs, MD, 265 pp. Causey, B, J Delaney, E Diaz, D Dodge, JR Garcia, J Higgins, W Jaap, CA Matos, GP Schmahl, C Rogers, MW Miller, and DD Turgeon (2000) Status of coral reefs in the US Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico: Florida, Texas, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands and Navassa. Pp. 239-259. In:C. Wilkinson, (ed.), Status of Coral Reefs of the World:2000. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Cape Ferguson, Queensland and Dampier, Western Australia. Clavijo, I. E., J. A. Yntema and J. C. Ogden (1980) An annotated list of the fishes of St. Croix U.S. Virgin Islands. 2nd Edition. West Indies Laboratory, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. 49 pp. Dayton, PK, S Thrush, and FC Coleman (2002) Ecological effects of fishing in marine ecosystems of the United States Pew Oceans Commission, Arlington, Virginia, 45 pp. Edmunds, PJ, and JD Witman (1991) Effect of Hurricane Hugo on the primary framework of a reef along the south shore of St. John, US Virgin Islands. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 78:201-204. Gladfelter, WG (1982) White-band disease in Acropora palmata: implications for the structure and growth of shallow reefs. Bull. Mar. Sci. 32:639-643. Herzlieb, S, E. Kadison, J. Blondeau, R. Nemeth (2005) Comparative assessment of coral reef systems located along the insular platform south of St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands and the relative effects of natural and human impacts. Proc. 10th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 25 Hughes, TP (1994) Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265:1547-1551. Kimmel, JJ (1985) A new species-time method for visual assessment of fishes and its comparison with established methods. Env. Biol. Fishes 12:23-32. Kramer, PR, and JC Lang (2003) Appendix one. The Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment (AGRRA) Protocols: Former version 2.2. Atoll Res. Bull. 496:611-624. MacDonald, LH, DM Anderson, and WE Dietrich (1997) Paradise threatened: land use and erosion on St. John, US Virgin Islands. Environmental Management 21:851-863. Nemeth, RS, S Herzlieb and M Taylor (2002) Video monitoring assessment of coral reefs in proposed marine parks St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands. Center for Marine and Environmental Studies, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, USVI. In: U.S. Virgin Islands Coral Reef Monitoring Project, Year 1 Final Report. USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Zone Management. Nemeth, RS, S Herzlieb, M Taylor, Sera Harold, and W Toller (2003a) Video monitoring assessment of coral reefs in St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands. Center for Marine and Environmental Studies, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, USVI. In: U.S. Virgin Islands Coral Reef Monitoring Project, Year 2 Final Report. USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Zone Management. Nemeth, RS, LD Whaylen, and CV Pattengill-Semmens (2003b) A rapid assessment of coral reefs in the Virgin Islands (Part 2: Fishes). Atoll. Res. Bull. 496:565-589. Nemeth, RS, S Herzlieb, ES Kadison, M Taylor, P Rothenberger, S Herold, and W Toller (2004) Coral reef monitoring in St. Croix and St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands. In: U.S. Virgin Islands Coral Reef Monitoring Project, Year 3 Final Report. USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Zone Management. Nemeth, RS, S Herzlieb, ES Kadison, J Blondeau, M Taylor, and W Toller (2005) Coral reef monitoring in St. Croix and St. Thomas, United States Virgin Islands. In: U.S. Virgin Islands Coral Reef Monitoring Project, Year 4 Final Report. USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Division of Coastal Zone Management. Nemeth, RS, and J Sladek Nowlis (2001) Monitoring the effects of land development the near –shore reef environment of St. Thomas U.S. Virgin Islands. Bull. Mar. Sci. 69:759-775. Pennings, SC (1996) Indirect interactions on coral reefs. Pp.249-272 In: (C. Birkeland, Ed.) Life and Death of Coral Reefs, Chapman and Hall, New York. Randall, JE (1967) Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. 5:665-847. Rice, SA and CL Hunter (1992) Effects of suspended sediment and burial on scleractinian corals from west central Florida patch reefs. Bull. Mar. Sci. 51:429-442. 26 Roberts, CM (1993) Coral reefs: health, hazards and history. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8:425-427. Rogers, CS (1990) Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to sedimentation. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 62:185-202. Rogers, CS and VH Garrison (2001) Ten years after the crime: Lasting effects of damage from a cruise ship anchor on a coral reef in St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Bull. Mar. Sci. 69:793-804. Rogers, CS, LN McClain, and CR Tobias (1991) Effects of Hurricane Hugo (1989) on a coral reef in St. John, USVI. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 78:189-199. Sebens, KP (1994) Biodiversity on coral reefs: what are we losing and why? Am. Zool. 34:115-133. Smith, TB, RN Nemeth, M Taylor, L Carr, E Kadison, J Blondeau, L Allen-Requa. The massive bleaching 2005 event in the US Virgin Islands: mortality, disease, and refugia. In preparation. Tobias, W (2004) Netfishing overview – St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Management implications for restrictions on the use of gill and trammel nets. Summary Report prepared for the Commissioner of DPNR. Division of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Government of the U.S. Virgin Islands. 21 pp. Toller, W (2002) Quantitative estimates of species composition and abundance of fishes, and fish species/habitat associations in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Final Report, F-7-17, Division of Fish and Wildlife, Department of Planning and Natural Resources, Government of the U.S. Virgin Islands. 44 pp. 27 Fig. 1 Locations of monitoring sites in St. Croix, USVI. Great Pond and Jacks Bay are located within the East End Marine Park. Buck Island is located within the Buck Island Reef National Monument. 28 BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 20 40 60 80 100 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 A. Coral B. Dead Coral with Turf Algae BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 20 40 60 80 100 C. Macroalgae BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 2A, B, C Mean percent cover of A. Scleractinian corals, B. Dead coral with turf algae, and C. Macroalgae for 2001 - 2005 at eight monitored sites: BI Buck Island; CB Cane Bay; GP Great Pond; JB Jacks Bay; LR Long Reef/Eagle Ray; MS Mutton Snapper; SR Salt River; SH Sprat Hole. GP and MS sampling began in 2002. n = 6 transects for all sites, except for n = 3 transects for BI in 2001 and 2002 and n = 5 transects for MS and SH in 2002. Error bars represent standard deviation. Asterisks denote significant differences: * = P < 0.05; ** = P < 0.01; *** = P < 0.001 ND *** % Cover % Cover % Cover *** *** * *** *** *** * *** *** *** *** *** *** *** * ND 29 Fig. 2D, E, F Mean percent cover of D. Sponges, E. Gorgonians, and F. Sand/Sediment for 2001 - 2005 at eight monitored sites: BI Buck Island; CB Cane Bay; GP Great Pond; JB Jacks Bay; LR Long Reef/Eagle Ray; MS Mutton Snapper; SRW Salt River; SH Sprat Hole. GP and MS sampling began in 2002. n = 6 transects for all sites, except for n = 3 transects for BI in 2001 and 2002 and n = 5 transects for MS and SH in 2002. Error bars represent standard deviation. Asterisk denotes significant difference: * = P < 0.05; ** = P < 0.01 BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 D. Sponges E. Gorgonians BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 F. Sand/Sediment BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH % Cover 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 30 Fig. 3 Percentage coral species composition at all sampled sites in St. Croix, USVI over years 2001-2005 (see text for description of site and time sampling). MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC Montastraea cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; PP Porites porites; AA Agaricia agaricites; MILC Millepora complanata; SS Siderastea siderea; DS Diploria strigosa; DL Diploria labyrinthiformes; CN Colpophyllia natans; MILA Millepora Alcicornis; MME Meandrina meandrites. ‘Other’ category denotes percent of all other coral species combined and includes: Acropora palmata, Dendrogyra cylindrus, Dichocoenia stokesii, Diploria strigosa, Eusmilia fastigiata, Isopyhyllastrea rigida, Madracis decactis, Madracis mirabilis, Mycetophyllia ferox, Porites furcata, Siderastrea radians, and Stephanocoenia michelinii. AA 4.1% CN 0.5% M M E 1.3% M ACX 50.8% M C 11.2% PA 10.7% PP 4.4% SS 5.3% M ILA 2.0% M ILC 2.4% Other 5.2% DL 2.1% 31 A. Buck Island MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 B. Cane Bay MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 4A, B Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at A. Buck Island and B. Cane Bay for years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea; MILC Millepora complanata; DS Diploria strigosa; PP P. porites; AA Agaricia agaricites; DL D. labyrinthiformis; MME Meandrina meandrites; MILA Millepora alcicornis; CN Colpophylia natans. n = 6 transects for all samplings, except n = 3 transects for Buck Island in 2001 and 2002. 32 C. Great Pond MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 D. Jacks Bay MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 4C, D Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at C. Great Pond and D. Jacks Bay for years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005. MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC Montastraea cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea; MILC Millepora complanata; DS Diploria strigosa; PP Porites porites; AA Agaricia agaricites; DL Diploria labyrinthiformis; MME Meandrina meandrites; MILA Millepora alcicornis; CN Colpophylia natans. n = 6 transects for all samplings. Sampling of GP began in 2002. 33 E. Long Reef MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 F. Mutton Snapper MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 4E, F Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at E. Long Reef and F. Mutton Snapper for years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005. MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC Montastraea cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea; MILC Millepora complanata; DS Diploria strigosa; PP Porites porites; AA Agaricia agaricites; DL Diploria labyrinthiformis; MME Meandrina meandrites; MILA Millepora alcicornis; CN Colpophylia natans. Sampling of MS began in 2002. n = 6 transects, except for n = 5 transects at MS in 2002. 34 G. Salt River MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 H. Sprat Hole MACX MC PA SS MILC DS PP AA DL MME MILA CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 4G, H Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at G. Salt River and H. Sprat Hole for years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005. MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC Montastraea cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea; MILC Millepora complanata; DS Diploria strigosa; PP Porites porites; AA Agaricia agaricites; DL Diploria labyrinthiformis; MME Meandrina meandrites; MILA Millepora alcicornis; CN Colpophylia natans. n = 6 transects for all samplings, except n = 5 transects for SH in 2002. 35 Coral Diversity BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH H' 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 5 Shannon - Weaver Diversity Index (H') for corals at eight monitored sites in St. Croix, USVI for years 2001- 2005. BI Buck Island; CB Cane Bay; GP Great Pond; JB Jacks Bay; LR Long Reef/Eagle Ray; MS Mutton Snapper; SR Salt River; SH Sprat Hole Sampling for Great Pond and Mutton Snapper began in 2002. 36 A. Coral Disease BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH mean % of coral colonies with disease 0 10 20 30 40 50 Fig. 6 Mean percentage of A. colonies with disease and B. colonies with bleaching of all coral colonies sampled at each monitoring site for year 2002-2005. BI Buck Island; CB Cane Bay; GP Great Pond; JB Jacks Bay; LR Long Reef/Eagle Ray; MS Mutton Snapper; SR Salt River; SH Sprat Hole B. Coral Bleaching BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH mean % of coral colonies with bleaching 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2002 2003 2004 2005 n = 6 transects for all sites, except for n = 3 transects for BI in 2001 and 2002 and n = 5 transects for MS in 2002. MS was not sampled in 2004. Asterisk denotes significant difference: * = P < 0.01 ND ND ND ND 37 A. Coral Disease AA MA MACX MC MFAV MFRA SS % of diseased coral colonies 0 20 40 60 80 100 Fig. 7 Percentage of A. diseased colonies and B. bleached colonies of all coral species with disease and bleaching sampled at all St. Croix monitoring sites, with the exception of Mutton Snapper for year 2002-2005. B. Coral Bleaching AA DL DS MA MACX MC MFAV MFRA PA PP SS % of bleached coral colonies 0 20 40 60 80 100 2002 2003 2004 2005 AA Agaricea agaricites; DL Diploria labyrinthiformis; DS Diploria strigosa; MA Montastraea annularis; MACX unidentified species belonging to the M. annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; MFAV M. faveolata; MFRA M. franksii; PA Porites astreoides; PP Porites porites; SS Siderastrea siderea 38 Sea Urchin Density BI CB GP JB LR MS SR SH mean no. urchins/10 m2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Mean sea urchin density at each St. Croix monitoring site for years 2001-2005. BI Buck Island; CB Cane Bay; GP Great Pond; JB Jacks Bay; LR Long Reef/Eagle Ray; MS Mutton Snapper; SR Salt River; SH Sprat Hole. GP and MS sampling began in 2002. No urchins were observed at any site in 2001. n = 6 transects for all sites except for n = 3 transects at BI 2001 and 2002 and n = 5 transects at MS and SH in 2002. No urchin assessments were performed at MS in 2004. Fig. 8 ND 39 Fig. 9. Reef fish assemblage structure across eight St. Croix reef sites. Data are from belt transect surveys conducted in 2003, 2004 and 2005. A. Average abundance. B. Average species richness. C. Average Shannon diversity (H’). Reef sites are as follows: SR=Salt River, CB=Cane Bay, IB=Isaacs Bay, ER=Eagle Ray, SH=Sprat Hole, BI=Buck Island, GP=Great Pond, MS=Mutton Snapper spawning aggregation site. B. Fish Species Richness - St. Croix 0 10 20 30 40 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS 2003 2004 2005 C. Fish Community Diversity (H') - St. Croix 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg H' (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 A. Fish Abundance - St. Croix 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS 2003 2004 2005 Avg No. Species Observed/transect (+/- St.Dev.) Avg No. Fish Observed/transect (+/- St.Dev.) 40 A. Labridae 0 100 200 300 400 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 B. Pomacentridae 0 100 200 300 400 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 C. Acanthuridae 0 20 40 60 80 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 10A, B, C Fish abundance by family across eight St. Croix reef sites. 41 D. Scaridae 0 20 40 60 80 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 E. Serranidae 0 5 10 15 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 F. Lutjanidae 0 5 10 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 10D, E, F Fish abundance by family across eight St. Croix reef sites. 42 G. Haemulidae 0 5 10 15 20 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 H. Chaetodontidae 0 5 10 15 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 I. Pomacanthidae 0 2 4 6 8 10 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 10G, H, I Fish abundance by family across eight St. Croix reef sites. 43 J. Balistidae 0 10 20 30 SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Avg No. of Fish Observed/Transect (+/- St.Dev.) 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 10J Fish abundance by family across eight St. Croix reef sites. Data are from belt transect surveys in 2003, 2004 and 2005. A. Labridae, B. Pomacentridae, C. Acanthuridae, D. Scaridae, E. Serranidae, F. Lutjanidae, G. Haemulidae, H. Chaetodontidae, I. Pomacanthidae, J. Balistidae. Site abbreviations as in Figure 1. 44 A. Haemulon flavolineatum French Grunt 0 1 2 3 4 5 2003 2004 2005 Avg No./Survey B. Haemulon plumieri White Grunt 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 2003 2004 2005 Avg No./Survey Fig. 11A, B Observed trends in abundance of grunts (Haemulidae) in belt transect surveys, St. Croix, 2003-2005. A. Abundance of French Grunt, Haemulon flavolineatum. B. Abundance of white grunt, H. plumieri. 45 0 10 20 30 40 0 - 5 5 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 Size Class (FL in cm) Avg. No. Fish / Transect (+/- SEM) 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 12 Size distribution of parrotfishes at Buck Island, St. Croix, 2003-2005. 46 Fig. 13 Locations of monitoring sites in St. Thomas, USVI. Biotic assessments were performed at Seahorse Cottage Shoal, South Capella, South Water, Grammanik Bank, Red Hind Bank, and College Shoal East. Abiotic assessments were performed at Flat Cay and the Red Hind Bank. The Red Hind Bank is located within the Red Hind Bank Marine Conservation District. 47 A. Coral SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 20 40 60 2003 2004 2005 B. Dead Coral with Turf Algae SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 20 40 60 C. Macroalgae SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 20 40 60 Fig. 14A, B, C Mean percent cover of A. Scleractinian corals, B. Dead coral with turf algae, and C. Macroalgae for St. Thomas monitored sites: SC Seahorse Cottage Shoal; SCP South Capella; SW South Water; GB Grammanik Bank; RH Red Hind Bank; CSE College Shoal East. SC, SCP and SW are mid-shelf sites and GB, RH and CSE are shelf-edge sites. n = 6 transects for all sites sampled in 2003 and 2005, n = 10 transects for all sites sampled in 2004. Sampling for SCP began in 2004, sampling for SW and CSE began in 2005. Error bars represent standard deviation. ** ** * * ** * ** * * 48 D. Sponges SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 5 10 15 20 2003 2004 2005 E. Gorgonians SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 5 10 15 20 F. Sand/Sediment SC SCP SW GB RH CSE % Cover 0 5 10 15 20 Fig. 14D, E, F Mean percent cover of D. Sponges, E. Gorgonians, and F. Sand/Sediment for St. Thomas monitored sites: SC Seahorse Cottage Shoal; SCP South Capella; SW South Water; GB Grammanik Bank; RH Red Hind Bank CSE College Shoal East. SC, SCP and SW are mid-shelf sites and GB, RH and CSE are shelf-edge sites. n = 6 transects for all sites sampled in 2003 and 2005, n = 10 transects for all sites sampled in 2004. Sampling for SCP began in 2004, sampling for SW and CSE began in 2005. Error bars represent standard deviation. *** * * * 49 A. Mid-Shelf B. Shelf-Edge C. Combined Fig. 15 Percentage coral species composition at A. Mid-shelf sites and B. Shelf-edge sites and C. all sites combined for St. Thomas, USVI. MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea; AA Agaricia agaricites; AL A.lamarcki; AF A. fragilis; CN Colpophyllia natans. Other denotes percent of all other coral species combined and includes: Acropora cervicornis, Agaricia grahamae, Diploria labyrinthiformis, D. strigosa, Eusmilia fastigiata, Madracis decactis, M. formosa, MACX 87.7% PA 3.2% CN 2.6% MC 2.0% AL 0.9% Other 3.5% MACX 74.7% PA 4.2% MC 6.2% SS 2.8% CN 2.7% MM 2.2% AA 1.8% Other 4.2% PP 1.2% PP 0.9% Other 3.6% MM 0.9% AA 1.1% SS 1.2% CN 2.6% MC 4.4% PA 2.9% MACX 82.4% 50 M. mirabilis, Millepora alcicornis, Mussa angulosa, Mycetophyllia aliciae, My. ferox, My. lamarckiana, Porites furcata, P. porites. A. Seahorse Cottage Shoal MACX MC SS AC PA PP CN AA % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 B. South Capella MACX MC SS AC PA PP CN AA % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2003 2004 2005 Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at St. Thomas mid-shelf sites:A. Seahorse Cottage Shoal and B. South Capella. Percent composition calculated by dividing the number of random dots falling on each coral species by the total number of dots on all living coral at each site. Sampling for South Capella began in 2004. Fig. 16A, B MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; SS Siderastrea siderea; AC Acropora cervicornis; PA Porites astreoides; PP P. porites; CN Colpophylia natans; AA Agaricia agaricites. 51 C. South Water MACX MC SS AC PA PP CN AA % Composition 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 2005 Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at St. Thomas mid-shelf sites: C. South Water. Percent composition calculated by dividing the number of random dots falling on each coral species by the total number of dots on all living coral at each site. Sampling for South Water began in 2005. Fig. 16C MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; SS Siderastrea siderea; AC Acropora cervicornis; PA Porites astreoides; PP P. porites; CN Colpophylia natans; AA Agaricia agaricites. 52 D. Grammanik Bank MACX MC PA AA AF SS AL CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 E. Red Hind Bank MACX MC PA AA AF SS AL CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2003 2004 2005 Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at St. Thomas shelf-edge sites: D. Grammanik Bank and E. Red Hind Bank. Percent composition calculated by dividing the number of random dots falling on each coral species by the total number of dots on all living coral at each site. Fig. 16C, D MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; AA Agaricia agaricites; AF A. fragilis; SS Siderastrea siderea; AL A. lamarcki; CN Colpophylia natans. D,E 53 F. College Shoal East MACX MC PA AA AF SS AL CN % Composition 0 20 40 60 80 100 2005 Percent of species composition of living coral cover of the most common coral species at St. Thomas shelf-edge sites: F. College Shoal East. Percent composition calculated by dividing the number of random dots falling on each coral species by the total number of dots on all living coral at each site. Sampling for Colllege Shoal East began in 2005. Fig. 16F MACX Montastraea annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; PA Porites astreoides; AA Agaricia agaricites; AF A. fragilis; SS Siderastrea siderea; AL A. lamarcki; CN Colpophylia natans. 54 Coral Diversity SC SCP SW GB RH CSE H' 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2003 2004 2005 Shannon - Weaver Diversity Index (H') for corals at six monitored sites in St. Thomas, USVI. SC Seahorse Cottage Shoal; SCP South Capella; SW South Water; GB Grammanik Bank; RH Red Hind Bank; CSE College Shoal East. SC, SCP, and SW are mid-shelf sites and GB, RH, and CSE are shelf-edge sites. n = 6 transects for all sites sampled in 2003 and 2005, n = 10 transects for all sites sampled in 2004. Sampling for SCP began in 2004, sampling for SW and CSE began in 2005. Fig. 17 55 A. Coral Disease SC SCP SW GB RH CSE Mean % of Coral Colonies with Disease 0 5 10 15 20 25 B. Coral Bleaching SC SCP SW GB RH CSE Mean % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 18 Mean percentage of A. colonies with disease and B. colonies with bleaching of all coral colonies sampled at each monitoring site. SC Seahorse Cottage Shoal; SCP South Capella; SW South Water; GB Grammanik Bank; RH Red Hind Bank; CSE College Shoal East. Sampling for SCP began 2004, sampling for SW and CSE began 2005. Error bars represent standard deviation. 56 A. Coral Disease AA DL DS MA MACX MC MFAV MFRA PA SS % of Diseased Coral Colonies 0 20 40 60 80 B. Coral Bleaching AA AL DL DS EF MA MACX MC MFAV MFRA MME PA SS % of Bleached Coral Colonies 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2003 2004 2005 Fig. 19 Percentage of A. diseased colonies and B. bleached colonies of all coral species with disease and bleaching sampled at each St. Thomas monitoring site. AA Agaricea agaricites; AL Agaricea lamarcki; DL Diploria labyrinthiformis; DS D. strigosa; EF Eusmilia fastigiata; MA Montastraea annularis; MACX unidentified species belonging to the M. annularis complex; MC M. cavernosa; MFAV M. faveolata; MFRA M. franksii; MME Meandrina meandrites; PA Porites astreoides; SS Siderastrea siderea 57 Fig. 20A,B,C Reef fish community structure across six St. Thomas reef sites years 2003-2005. A. average abundance; B. average species richness; C. average Shannon-Weaver diversity (H'). A. Fish Abundance-St. Thomas 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 B. Community Species Richness-St. Thomas 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 C. Community Diversity (H') - St. Thomas 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 H’ No. of species Individuals per 100m2 58 Fig. 21 A,B,C Fish abundance by family across six St. Thomas reef sites, 2003 - 2005. A. Labridae 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 B. Pomacentridae 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 C. Acanthuridae 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) 59 Fig. 21D, E, F Fish abundance by family across six St. Thomas reef sites, 2003 - 2005. D. Scaridae 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 E. Serranidae 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) Avg no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) F. Lutjanidae 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) 60 Fig. 21G, H, I Fish abundance by family across six St. Thomas reef sites, 2003 - 2005. G. Haem ulidae 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 H. Chaetodontidae 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 I. Pomacanthidae 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 Avg. no. of fish observed/transect (+/- St. Dev.) Avg. no. of Fish observed/Transect (+/-) St. Dev. Avg. no. of Fish observed/Transect (+/-) St. Dev. 61 Fig. 21J Fish abundance by family across six St. Thomas reef sites, 2003 - 2005. J. Balistidae 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 WI SCS SCP CSE GB RHB 2003 2004 2005 Avg. no. of Fish observed/Transect (+/-) St. Dev. Appendix I. Significant differences between years 2001-2005 at St. Croix sites for A. dead coral covered with turf algae, B. macroalgae, C. sediment/sand and at St. Thomas sites for D. coral, E. dead coral covered with turf algae, F. macroalgae, and G. sponge. Years not connected by the same letter were significantly different. ND = no data (see text). --- = not significant in main effects test. A. B. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Buck Is. A CD BC AB D Cane Bay B B B A B Great Pond --- --- --- --- --- Jacks Bay B B AB A C Long Reef C AB BC A BC Mutton ND B AB A AB Salt River AB B B A B Sprat Hole C A BC AB C C. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Buck Is. B A A B A Cane Bay B B B A B Great Pond ND ND B A AB Jacks Bay BC B BC C A Long Reef ABC BC A C AB Mutton ND A A B A Salt River AB AB A B A Sprat Hole A BC AB C A 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Buck Is. AB ABC BC A C Cane Bay --- --- --- --- --- Great Pond --- --- --- --- --- Jacks Bay A A A A A Long Reef A A B A AB Mutton --- --- --- --- --- Salt River --- --- --- --- --- Sprat Hole --- --- --- --- --- Appendix I (continued). Significant differences for St. Thomas sites between years 2001- 2005 for dead coral covered with D. coral, E. dead coral with turf algae, F. macroalgae, and G. Sponge. Years not connected by the same letter were significantly different. ND = no data (see text). --- = not significant in main effects test. D. E. F. G. 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 College ND ND --- ND --- Grammanik ND ND AB A B Red Hind ND ND --- --- --- Seahorse College ND ND --- --- --- South Capella ND ND A B B South Water ND ND ND ND --- 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 College ND ND A ND B Grammanik ND ND A B B Red Hind ND ND --- --- --- Seahorse College ND ND AB A B South Capella ND ND B A B South Water ND ND ND ND --- 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 College ND ND A ND B Grammanik ND ND --- --- --- Red Hind ND ND --- --- --- Seahorse College ND ND AB B A South Capella ND ND B AB A South Water ND ND ND ND --- 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 College ND ND --- --- --- Grammanik ND ND --- --- --- Red Hind ND ND C B A Seahorse College ND ND --- --- --- South Capella ND ND B A AB South Water ND ND ND ND --- Appendix II: Summary of coral video data St. Croix Mean Percent Cover for all Sites Categories Buck Cane Great Jacks Long Mutton Salt Sprat Island Bay Pond Bay Reef Snapper River Hole Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.77 0.61 0.00 0.38 0.32 0.18 0.50 2.20 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.08 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.06 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.66 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.92 0.06 0.35 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.16 1.14 0.26 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.39 0.53 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.04 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 4.75 6.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 18.59 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.55 0.61 0.00 3.10 2.65 0.21 0.90 0.88 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.16 4.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 5.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 22.20 0.50 0.00 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.33 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.11 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.05 1.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.23 0.71 0.00 0.84 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.04 0.50 0.09 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 1.26 2.80 4.32 0.60 0.58 0.88 0.95 2.56 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.55 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 2.51 2.12 0.13 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.04 0.28 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.11 0.76 0.00 0.15 1.29 0.04 1.40 0.79 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 1) Appendix II: Summary of coral video data St. Thomas Mean Percent Cover for all Sites Categories Seahorse South South Grammanik Red Hind College Cottage Capella Water Bank Bank Shoal East Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.48 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.12 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.40 0.00 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MAFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 M. annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) 1.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) 5.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) 5.93 14.25 0.42 35.58 23.22 27.12 Montastraea species (MSPP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 2.37 3.68 0.00 2.03 0.99 2.81 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.40 Porites branching species (PBSP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.40 1.38 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea species (SSPP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral,unknown spp.(CORAL) 0.40 0.00 0.00 1.02 0.99 0.00 (Page 2) Buck Island Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.00 2.05 0.95 1.46 0.00 0.00 0.74 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 3.25 0.00 0.59 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.34 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 3.40 2.39 3.79 10.20 5.92 1.22 4.49 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.92 0.00 0.00 0.49 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.15 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 4.42 12.29 1.26 4.08 5.62 5.31 5.50 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.89 1.22 0.35 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.07 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 0.00 0.00 1.26 1.46 1.18 4.08 1.33 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 2.05 0.95 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.55 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.05 Porites porites (PP) 7.48 0.00 2.21 0.00 3.55 2.04 2.55 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.15 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.10 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 3) Cane Bay Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.44 0.48 0.48 0.44 0.50 0.40 0.46 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 10.13 11.06 11.00 10.04 11.50 9.27 10.50 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 3.52 3.85 3.83 3.49 4.00 3.23 3.65 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 4) Great Pond Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.07 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.61 0.40 0.00 0.67 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.34 0.00 0.00 1.61 6.40 0.00 1.39 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 Millipora complanata (MILC) 5.76 4.41 6.00 2.41 2.80 3.68 4.18 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 1.69 3.39 8.80 3.21 6.80 2.11 4.33 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.34 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 5) Jacks Bay Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.92 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.37 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 8.72 0.72 0.00 0.00 0.52 8.72 3.11 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.23 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 1.38 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.52 1.38 0.62 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.46 0.24 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.00 0.36 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 6) Long Reef/Eagle Ray Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.00 0.40 0.77 0.36 0.00 0.53 0.34 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.13 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.32 0.40 0.39 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.24 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.09 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 2.26 2.41 4.63 1.43 1.92 3.70 2.73 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.11 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 0.77 0.53 0.51 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.32 1.20 0.00 0.71 0.77 1.59 0.77 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.97 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.38 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 1.61 0.40 0.39 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.52 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.53 0.15 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 2.58 0.00 4.25 0.36 0.00 0.00 1.20 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 7) Mutton Snapper Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.12 0.19 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 1.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.29 0.00 1.35 0.77 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.24 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 24.90 21.08 12.94 29.16 18.87 22.20 21.52 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.08 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 0.41 1.16 1.00 0.82 1.35 0.67 0.90 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.03 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 8) Salt River Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 1.53 0.30 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.48 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.06 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.92 0.60 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.35 0.38 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 0.61 0.60 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.42 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 0.31 0.60 0.34 1.21 2.67 0.35 0.91 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.02 1.00 0.00 0.50 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.00 0.30 2.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.31 0.00 1.01 1.62 1.67 0.70 0.88 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.61 0.91 1.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 1.53 1.21 1.01 0.00 1.33 0.35 0.91 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.07 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.92 0.00 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 0.92 3.93 0.68 0.00 1.00 1.40 1.32 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 9) Sprat Hole Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T 6 Mean % Cover Agaricia agaricites (AA) 0.82 3.85 2.41 2.36 ND 1.81 2.25 Acropora cervicornis (AC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia breviserialis (CB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) 0.00 0.00 3.21 1.89 ND 0.00 1.02 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) 1.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.33 Diploria strigosa (DS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 2.71 0.54 Dichocoenia stokesi (DSO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stellaris (DST) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigata (EF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Isophylastrea rigida (IR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Montastrea annularis (MA) 11.02 11.06 9.64 43.40 ND 20.36 19.09 Montastrea cavernosa (MC) 2.45 0.00 1.61 0.00 ND 0.00 0.81 Montastrea faveolata (MFAV) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Montastrea franksii (MFRA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Montastrea complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MFO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Madracis pharensis (MP) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Millipora alcicornis (MILA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Millipora complanata (MILC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Millipora squarrosa (MILS) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 ND 0.00 0.09 Oculina diffusa (OD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) 4.49 2.88 1.61 0.94 ND 2.71 2.53 Porites branneri (PB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) 2.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.45 0.66 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) 2.04 0.00 0.80 0.94 ND 0.00 0.76 Tubastraea aurea (TA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Coral unknown sps. (CORAL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 (Page 10) Seahorse Cottage Shoal Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 1.87 1.88 1.88 1.93 2.08 2.21 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 5.60 5.64 5.64 5.79 6.25 6.64 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 5.60 5.64 5.64 5.79 6.25 6.64 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 2.24 2.26 2.26 2.32 2.50 2.65 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 Porites porites (PP) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 0.37 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 (Page 11) South Capella Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.48 0.47 0.46 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 14.16 14.09 13.72 14.98 14.42 14.16 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 3.65 3.64 3.54 3.86 3.72 3.65 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 1.37 1.36 1.33 1.45 1.40 1.37 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 12) South Water Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.84 0.82 0.78 0.82 0.93 0.83 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.42 0.41 0.39 0.41 0.47 0.42 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 0.42 0.41 0.39 0.41 0.47 0.42 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 0.42 0.41 0.39 0.41 0.47 0.42 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 13) Grammanik Bank Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.46 0.53 0.49 0.55 0.44 0.57 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 6.45 7.49 6.83 7.69 6.19 8.05 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 32.26 37.43 34.15 38.46 30.97 40.23 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 1.84 2.14 1.95 2.20 1.77 2.30 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 0.92 1.07 0.98 1.10 0.88 1.15 (Page 14) Red Hind Bank Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 1.55 1.46 1.48 1.44 1.49 1.48 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 2.06 1.95 1.97 1.92 1.98 1.97 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 24.23 22.93 23.15 22.60 23.27 23.15 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 1.03 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.99 0.99 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 1.03 0.98 0.99 0.96 0.99 0.99 (Page 15) College Shoal East Appendix II: Summary of coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Coral Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Acropora cervicornis (AC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora palmata (AP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Acropora prolifera (APR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia agaricites (AA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia fragilis (AF) - coral 1.03 0.93 0.94 0.88 0.90 0.93 Agaricia grahamae (AG) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia humilis (AH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia lamarcki (AL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia tenuifolia (AT) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia undata (AU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Agaricia species (AGSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Colpophyllia natans (CN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dendrogyra cylindrus (DCY) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria clivosa (DC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria labyrinthiformis (DL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Diploria strigosa (DS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dichocoenia stokesii (DSO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Eusmilia fastigiata (EF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Favia fragum (FF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isophyllia sinuosa (IS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Isopyhyllastrea rigida (IR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Leptoseris cucullata (LC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Manicina areolata (MAR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis decactis (MD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis formosa (MAFO) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Madracis mirabilis (MM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Meandrina meandrites (MME) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis (MA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea annularis complex (MACX) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea cavernosa (MC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea faveolata (MFAV) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Montastraea franksi (MFRA) - coral 29.74 26.98 27.23 25.66 26.01 27.10 Montastraea species (MSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mussa angulosa (MAN) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia aliciae (MAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia danaana (MDA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia lamarckiana (ML) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia ferox (MF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mycetophyllia species (MYSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Oculina diffusa (OD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites astreoides (PA) - coral 3.08 2.79 2.82 2.65 2.69 2.80 Porites branneri (PB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites divaricata (PD) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites furcata (PF) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Porites porites (PP) - coral 1.54 1.40 1.41 1.33 1.35 1.40 Porites branching species (PBSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia cubensis (SC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia lacera (SL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Scolymia species (SCSP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea radians (SR) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea siderea (SS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Siderastrea species (SSPP) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea bournoni (SB) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Solenastrea hyades (SH) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Stephanocoenia michelinii (SM) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tubastraea aurea (TA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora alcicornis (MILA) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora complanata (MILC) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Millepora squarrosa (MILS) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coral juvenile (CORJU) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Hard Coral, unknown spp. (CORAL) - coral 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 16) Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data St. Croix Mean Percent Cover for all Sites Categories Buck Cane Great Jacks Long Mutton Salt Sprat Island Bay Pond Bay Reef Snapper River Hole Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 71.31 66.31 80.84 73.85 76.99 18.53 71.31 56.74 Other (O) 0.05 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 3.88 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.44 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 2.79 4.01 0.13 0.00 5.82 2.01 2.79 5.20 Gorgonians (GO) 5.79 1.67 0.00 1.74 3.04 0.18 5.79 0.44 Sponges (SPO) 1.58 0.68 0.20 3.02 3.49 2.47 1.58 3.08 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.07 0.00 1.67 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.08 4.51 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) 0.44 0.98 0.52 0.15 0.45 0.11 0.44 0.00 Dictyota (DICT) 0.05 2.20 1.05 15.34 2.97 7.84 0.05 0.53 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.68 0.00 0.23 0.00 19.70 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.11 0.00 0.13 0.15 0.00 0.04 0.11 0.26 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.66 0.15 0.00 0.45 0.13 0.07 0.66 0.62 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.44 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 1) Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data St. Thomas Mean Percent Cover for all Sites Categories Seahorse South South Grammanik Red Hind College Cottage Capella Water Bank Bank Shoal East Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.27 2.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 1.04 1.88 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 1.74 1.97 4.03 0.00 0.00 0.08 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.57 0.00 0.00 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.06 0.23 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 0.83 1.07 4.72 7.22 11.46 4.28 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.66 0.38 0.60 0.18 0.08 0.00 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.12 0.08 0.71 0.00 0.25 0.00 Sponge (SPO) - spo 0.74 1.54 1.51 0.88 0.66 0.16 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 8.75 4.70 9.19 8.79 8.06 3.39 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 12.47 13.19 2.05 5.59 4.43 1.55 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 28.39 22.57 48.21 23.21 25.35 36.53 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.23 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 13.76 16.41 22.90 14.21 20.75 11.49 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 1.75 0.69 1.11 0.92 0.08 0.24 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 Unknown (UNK) 0.53 0.84 1.32 0.75 1.07 0.16 (Page 2) Buck Island Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 61.56 76.45 80.50 64.47 68.34 76.73 71.34 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.05 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 10.20 1.02 0.00 0.00 5.33 0.00 2.76 Gorgonians (GO) 5.44 2.39 6.29 8.60 4.73 6.94 5.73 Sponges (SPO) 3.40 0.34 0.31 2.58 1.18 1.63 1.58 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro algae (MACA) 1.70 0.68 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 Dictyota (DICT) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.07 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.00 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 1.70 0.00 0.31 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.62 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 3) Cane Bay Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 74.89 40.87 52.15 65.50 85.50 76.40 65.89 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 0.00 23.08 0.00 0.44 1.50 0.40 4.24 Gorgonians (GO) 0.00 1.44 4.31 4.37 0.00 0.00 1.69 Sponges (SPO) 1.76 0.96 0.48 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.68 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.07 Macro algae (MACA) 1.76 1.44 0.00 0.87 0.50 1.20 0.96 Dictyota (DICT) 3.52 5.77 0.00 0.87 2.50 0.80 2.24 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 3.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.66 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.13 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 4) Great Pond Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 66.44 85.42 82.80 87.95 80.00 85.26 81.31 Other (O) 1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 6.10 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 2.11 1.43 Sand (S) 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 Gorgonians (GO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sponges (SPO) 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.53 0.21 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) 15.93 5.42 1.20 0.40 0.40 0.53 3.98 Macro algae (MACA) 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 0.00 0.51 Dictyota (DICT) 0.00 1.02 0.00 0.40 0.40 5.79 1.27 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 5) Jacks Bay Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 66.51 82.37 76.75 75.92 70.41 66.51 73.08 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.57 0.00 0.00 0.26 Sand (S) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Gorgonians (GO) 0.92 3.24 2.19 0.00 2.55 0.92 1.64 Sponges (SPO) 2.75 0.72 5.70 2.09 4.59 2.75 3.10 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.72 0.44 2.62 0.00 0.00 0.63 Macro algae (MACA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.17 Dictyota (DICT) 17.43 10.79 12.72 16.75 18.37 17.43 15.58 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.51 0.46 0.24 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.46 0.15 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.72 0.44 0.00 1.53 0.00 0.45 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 6) Long Reef/Eagle Ray Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 72.26 70.80 76.83 80.71 79.23 83.68 77.25 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 1.29 20.00 6.56 1.79 5.38 0.00 5.84 Gorgonians (GO) 3.23 1.20 1.93 3.57 4.23 4.21 3.06 Sponges (SPO) 5.81 0.80 2.70 2.14 6.92 1.58 3.33 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.09 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro algae (MACA) 0.00 0.40 0.39 0.36 0.38 1.58 0.52 Dictyota (DICT) 9.03 0.40 1.16 4.64 0.38 0.00 2.60 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53 0.15 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 7) Mutton Snapper Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 21.47 23.84 40.29 14.53 27.12 20.18 24.57 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.65 0.00 0.19 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.63 0.00 3.10 Gorgonians (GO) 0.27 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.23 Sponges (SPO) 9.24 1.46 0.87 0.00 0.65 7.53 3.29 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.00 0.11 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro algae (MACA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.30 0.16 Dictyota (DICT) 12.77 13.63 6.38 12.56 6.21 8.13 9.95 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 22.55 31.14 32.75 21.43 20.26 25.60 25.62 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.73 0.00 0.00 0.65 2.71 0.68 Halimeda (HALI) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.04 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 Bleached Coral (BL) 32.88 25.79 16.52 49.51 21.24 34.34 30.05 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 8) Salt River Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 84.40 83.08 86.24 85.02 81.00 88.11 84.64 Other (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.06 Sand (S) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.13 Gorgonians (GO) 1.83 2.72 1.01 3.24 2.33 2.45 2.26 Sponges (SPO) 0.61 1.21 2.68 4.05 2.33 3.85 2.46 Zoanthids (ZO) 0.00 3.63 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.70 0.86 Coralline Algae (CALG) 3.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.67 0.00 0.79 Macro algae (MACA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.07 Dictyota (DICT) 1.22 0.30 0.34 0.00 3.33 1.05 1.04 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 (Page 9) Sprat Hole Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Dead Coral w/ Algae (DCA) 63.67 54.76 64.40 39.72 ND 56.95 55.90 Other (O) 0.00 4.29 1.60 4.67 ND 9.42 4.00 Pavement (P) 0.41 0.48 0.80 0.00 ND 0.45 0.43 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Sand (S) 0.00 15.71 8.80 0.93 ND 0.90 5.27 Gorgonians (GO) 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.93 ND 0.45 0.47 Sponges (SPO) 4.90 2.86 4.40 0.93 ND 1.79 2.98 Zoanthids (ZO) 4.49 1.43 0.40 1.87 ND 0.00 1.64 Coralline Algae (CALG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Macro algae (MACA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Dictyota (DICT) 0.41 0.95 0.00 0.00 ND 1.35 0.54 Liagora (LIAG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Lobophora (LOBO) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix (SCHIZ) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Halimeda (HALI) 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.47 ND 0.00 0.26 Sargassum (SARG) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 0.95 0.40 0.93 ND 0.90 0.64 Bleached Coral (BL) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Black Band Disease (BBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 White Band Disease (WBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Yellow Plague (PLA) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Yellow Blotch Disease (YBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 Dark Blotch Disease (DBD) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ND 0.00 0.00 (Page 10) Seahorse Cottage Shoal Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77 0.83 0.00 0.27 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 1.87 2.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.77 1.04 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 0.00 1.13 1.13 3.09 3.33 1.77 1.74 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 0.75 0.00 0.75 3.09 0.42 0.00 0.83 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 1.49 0.75 0.00 0.00 1.25 0.44 0.66 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 Sponge (SPO) - spo 0.00 0.38 0.38 1.16 2.08 0.44 0.74 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 6.34 7.52 6.39 8.11 10.42 13.72 8.75 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 11.57 16.54 19.92 8.49 11.67 6.64 12.47 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 39.93 17.67 24.81 28.57 27.92 31.42 28.39 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.06 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 17.16 10.90 14.29 16.99 11.25 11.95 13.76 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 1.87 3.38 1.50 0.00 3.33 0.44 1.75 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.75 0.00 0.38 1.16 0.00 0.88 0.53 (Page 11) South Capella Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.46 0.00 0.44 1.45 6.98 4.57 2.32 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 4.11 1.36 4.42 0.00 0.00 1.37 1.88 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 0.46 0.00 4.42 0.48 4.65 1.83 1.97 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.00 3.20 0.61 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 1.83 0.91 0.88 0.97 1.40 0.46 1.07 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 1.40 0.00 0.38 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.08 Sponge (SPO) - spo 0.00 0.45 4.42 4.35 0.00 0.00 1.54 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 0.00 2.73 0.88 3.38 10.70 10.50 4.70 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 21.46 17.27 11.95 6.76 13.49 8.22 13.19 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 28.77 24.55 19.47 28.02 20.00 14.61 22.57 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 22.83 6.36 19.03 20.29 13.95 15.98 16.41 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 3.20 0.69 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.00 1.36 0.88 0.48 0.93 1.37 0.84 (Page 12) South Water Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.39 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.34 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.25 0.21 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 0.00 1.65 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.34 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 3.36 0.82 0.39 1.23 12.15 6.25 4.03 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 1.26 4.12 5.47 3.69 4.21 9.58 4.72 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.00 0.00 2.34 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.60 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.00 2.47 0.00 0.00 1.40 0.42 0.71 Sponge (SPO) - spo 1.26 1.23 1.56 1.64 0.00 3.33 1.51 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 16.81 4.94 7.81 13.11 7.48 5.00 9.19 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 4.62 0.82 1.17 0.82 2.80 2.08 2.05 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 50.42 44.44 51.56 48.36 45.33 49.17 48.21 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 18.07 30.04 25.78 20.08 23.83 19.58 22.90 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 1.68 3.29 0.78 0.41 0.47 0.00 1.11 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.42 0.82 1.17 3.28 1.40 0.83 1.32 (Page 13) Grammanik Bank Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 3.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 0.92 5.88 9.27 12.64 4.87 9.77 7.22 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.00 0.53 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.18 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sponge (SPO) - spo 0.00 0.53 0.49 2.20 0.88 1.15 0.88 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 17.05 10.16 4.39 7.14 1.33 12.64 8.79 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 7.83 2.67 5.37 6.59 7.08 4.02 5.59 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 17.97 25.13 20.98 24.18 33.19 17.82 23.21 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.09 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 13.82 17.11 21.46 10.99 11.50 10.34 14.21 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 0.00 1.07 3.90 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.92 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 0.46 0.53 0.00 0.00 1.77 1.72 0.75 (Page 14) Red Hind Bank Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 11.34 9.76 11.33 8.17 14.85 13.30 11.46 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.52 0.00 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.25 Sponge (SPO) - spo 1.03 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.50 0.49 0.66 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 7.73 7.80 11.82 9.13 9.90 1.97 8.06 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 2.06 2.44 8.37 5.29 4.95 3.45 4.43 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 25.26 21.95 25.62 27.88 29.21 22.17 25.35 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 21.13 20.98 25.62 16.35 12.38 28.08 20.75 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Unknown (UNK) 1.03 0.49 2.46 0.96 0.50 0.99 1.07 (Page 15) College Shoal East Appendix III: Summary of non-coral video data Percent Cover by Transect Categories T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Mean % Cover Gorgonians (GO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Briareum asbestinum (BRIA) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Erythropodium caribaeorum (ERYTH) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Gorgonian (ENGO) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Sea Fan (FAN) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Plume form (PLUME) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Soft Coral - Rod form (ROD) - go 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 Soft Coral - Whip form (WHIP) - go 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clionia delitrix (CLIO) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Ball Sponge (BALL) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Barrel/Vase Sponge (BASP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Boring Sponge (BOSP) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Encrusting Sponge (ENSP) - spo 3.59 1.86 9.86 3.54 4.93 1.87 4.28 Rope Sponge (ROPE) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tube Sponge (TUBE) - spo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sponge (SPO) - spo 0.51 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 Palythoa caribaeorum (PALY) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthus sociatus (ZOSO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zoanthids (ZO) - zo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Anemone (ANEM) - other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Corallimorpharians (CMOR) -other 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Macro Algae (MACA) - maca 5.64 5.58 2.82 2.21 3.14 0.93 3.39 Amphiroa spp. (AMPH) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cladophora spp. (CLAD) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Dictyota spp. (DICT) - maca 0.51 3.72 1.41 0.00 1.79 1.87 1.55 Halimeda spp. (HALI) - maca[calc] 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Microdictyon spp. (MICRO) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liagora spp. (LIAG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Lobophora variegata (LOBO) - maca 40.51 22.79 51.17 30.97 35.87 37.85 36.53 Sargassum spp. (SARG) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Schizothrix spp. (SCHIZ) - maca 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Coralline Algae (CALG) - calg 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.23 Dead coral w/ turf algae (DCA) - dca 12.31 5.58 13.15 15.93 11.21 10.75 11.49 Boulder (B) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sand/Sediment (S) 0.51 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.24 Rubble (R) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Pavement (P) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other Organisms (O) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35 0.00 0.22 Unknown (UNK) 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.16 (Page 16) Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Mean % of Coral Colonies Mean % of Coral Colonies Mean Density of with Disease (+SD) with Bleaching (+SD) Diadema ( /m2 ) (+ SD) St. Croix: Buck Island 0 41.8 ± 16.9 0 Cane Bay 0 0 0 Great Pond 0 46.1 ± 22.1 5.2 ± 20.4 Jacks/Isaac Bay 0 75.3 ± 14.5 0 Long Reef/Eagle Ray 15.3 ± 29 77.8 ± 18.1 0 Mutton Snapper 0 93.6 ± 11.2 0 Salt River 0 81.9 ± 21.4 0 Sprat Hole 3.7 ± 10 42.2 ± 23.4 0 St. Thomas: Seahorse Cottage Shoal 2.78 + 3.16 1.63 + 2.52 0 South Capella 2.59 + 2.84 4.09 + 5.59 0 South Water 0 48.70 + 17.74 0 Grammanik Bank 0 6.28 + 4.95 0 Red Hind Bank 0 7.53 + 6.50 0 College Shoal East 0 2.12 + 3.32 0 (Page 1) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 01/13/06 Buck StX 1 ND ND ND ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFRA 25 10 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFAV 20 25 0 100 P 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFRA 20 20 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 PA 18 5 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFAV 35 25 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFAV 45 20 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 EF 20 10 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFAV 30 15 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 PA 30 20 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MA 30 10 0 100 BL 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MA 100 70 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 2 MFAV 50 20 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 AA 20 15 0 100 P 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 MFAV 25 15 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 MFAV 20 5 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 PA 20 5 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 MFAV 30 25 0 0 OK 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 MC 30 15 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 MFAV 30 25 0 100 P 01/13/06 Buck StX 3 M 25 25 0 100 SP 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 AA 15 10 0 30 ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 PA 30 15 0 0 ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 MA 50 25 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 MA 20 30 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 MA 30 30 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 PA 15 10 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 4 MA 40 40 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 MFRA 30 20 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 DL 30 30 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 MFRA 15 18 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 DL 15 15 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 PD ND ND 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 MA 40 60 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 5 MFRA 40 40 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 MFRA 30 20 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 DS 15 10 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 MFRA 20 20 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 MA 50 50 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 MA 70 60 0 ND ND 01/13/06 Buck StX 6 AA 20 20 0 ND ND 10/17/05 Cane 1 AA 15 12 0 99 BL 10/17/05 Cane 1 PA 20 20 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 1 PA 12 12 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 1 MA 12 7 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 1 AA 12 10 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 1 MFRA 35 40 0 98 BL 10/17/05 Cane 1 MC 25 10 0 OK (Page 2) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 10/17/05 Cane 1 MFAV 45 50 0 90 PB 10/17/05 Cane 1 MFAV 20 35 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 DL 25 15 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 50 60 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MFAV 25 20 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MFAV 25 50 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 10 10 0 85 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 10 10 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 25 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PD 10 7 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 DS 25 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 10 7 0 40 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MC 12 17 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 45 55 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 15 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 7 12 0 50 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 30 15 0 90 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 AA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 PD 60 60 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MFAV 25 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 SS 40 80 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MC 15 22 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 25 50 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 30 30 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MCD 25 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 50 60 0 99 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 20 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 35 40 0 70 PB 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 50 50 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 100 160 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 35 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 PA 15 20 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 10 12 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 35 40 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 25 70 0 75 PB 10/17/05 Cane 4 MC 7 10 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 MC 15 15 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 PA 10 12 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 55 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 AA 15 12 0 40 PB 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 20 30 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 40 40 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 40 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MA 90 70 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 110 60 0 99 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MA 20 45 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 PA 12 30 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 DS 20 20 0 15 PB (Page 3) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 10/17/05 Cane 1 MFAV 45 50 0 90 PB 10/17/05 Cane 1 MFAV 20 35 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 DL 25 15 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 50 60 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MFAV 25 20 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MFAV 25 50 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 10 10 0 85 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 10 10 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 25 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PD 10 7 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 DS 25 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 10 7 0 40 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MC 12 17 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 45 55 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 15 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 2 PA 7 12 0 50 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 MA 30 15 0 90 PB 10/17/05 Cane 2 AA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 PD 60 60 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MFAV 25 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 SS 40 80 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MC 15 22 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 25 50 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 30 30 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MCD 25 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 50 60 0 99 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 20 20 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 35 40 0 70 PB 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 50 50 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 100 160 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 35 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 PA 15 20 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 3 AA 10 12 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 MA 35 40 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 3 DS 25 70 0 75 PB 10/17/05 Cane 4 MC 7 10 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 MC 15 15 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 PA 10 12 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 55 30 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 AA 15 12 0 40 PB 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 20 30 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 40 40 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 40 25 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MA 90 70 0 95 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MFAV 110 60 0 99 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 MA 20 45 0 100 BL 10/17/05 Cane 4 PA 12 30 0 OK 10/17/05 Cane 4 DS 20 20 0 15 PB (Page 4) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 10 5 0 100 SP 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 10 5 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 10 5 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 30 20 0 20 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 10 7 0 100 SP 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 PA 10 5 0 100 SP 11/22/05 Great Pond 3 DSO 30 20 0 100 SP 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 DC 20 10 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 MILC 40 20 0 DEAD 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 DC 50 20 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 DS 30 20 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 PA 15 5 0 100 BL 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 DC 25 10 0 35 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 4 PA 10 5 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 5 PA 30 18 0 50 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 5 PA 35 10 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 5 MILC 20 15 0 20 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 5 PA 25 5 0 30 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 5 PA 10 3 0 O OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 DS 45 25 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 DC 20 5 0 100 SP 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 PA 20 5 0 10 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 MILC 10 15 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 DS 50 25 0 3 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 PA 20 10 0 30 PB 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 DS 12 5 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Great Pond 6 PA 10 5 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Jacks 1 DS 7 10 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Jacks 1 PA 12 12 0 45 PB 11/22/05 Jacks 1 MFAV 17 10 0 85 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 1 PA 20 15 0 100 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 1 PA 12 15 0 10 PB 11/22/05 Jacks 1 SS 25 20 0 65 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 2 MC 35 20 0 20 PB 11/22/05 Jacks 2 DS 20 20 0 85 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 2 MC 65 80 0 70 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 2 SS 20 20 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Jacks 3 MC 12 12 0 95 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 3 MILA 5 15 0 2 OK 11/22/05 Jacks 3 MC 50 65 0 95 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 4 AA 35 15 0 100 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 4 PA 7 10 0 0 OK 11/22/05 Jacks 4 MACX 15 10 0 20 PB 11/22/05 Jacks 5 PP 10 7 0 99 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 5 MM 50 50 0 85 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 5 MC 7 20 0 10 PB 11/22/05 Jacks 5 MC 35 15 0 60 LB 11/22/05 Jacks 5 MME 10 10 0 ND (Page 5) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 11/22/05 Jacks 6 MACX 7 10 0 90 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 6 AA 7 10 0 100 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 6 PP 7 15 0 85 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 6 AA 17 15 0 100 BL 11/22/05 Jacks 6 SS 10 15 0 40 BL 02/04/05 Long 1 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 1 MME ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 1 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 2 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 2 MME ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 2 PA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 2 MC ND ND 0 1 PB 02/04/05 Long 3 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 3 PA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 4 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 4 MC ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 4 MA ND ND 0 10 PB 02/04/05 Long 5 PP ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 5 MA ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 5 MA ND ND 5 YBD 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 5 MME ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 6 PP ND ND 0 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 6 MC ND ND 1 BBD 0 OK 02/04/05 Long 6 SS ND ND 10 YBD 0 OK 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 15 10 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 25 15 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 55 30 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 20 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 15 5 0 20 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 35 15 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 30 15 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 45 25 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 30 25 0 80 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 45 15 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 55 25 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 1 MFRA 65 35 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 35 30 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 35 30 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 25 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 20 10 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 35 10 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 75 50 0 90 PB (Page 6) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 10/20/05 Mutton 2 PA 30 30 0 50 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 15 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 45 20 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 50 25 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 20 10 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 2 MFRA 20 10 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 25 25 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MC 35 25 0 0 OK 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 15 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 35 20 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 35 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 40 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 15 10 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 35 25 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 3 DS 55 40 0 0 OK 10/20/05 Mutton 3 MFRA 25 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 3 PP 10 10 0 0 OK 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 50 45 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 PA 15 10 0 75 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 20 20 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 25 25 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 PA 15 15 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 55 35 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 45 40 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 25 10 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 40 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 35 25 0 95 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 65 40 0 75 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 60 50 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 50 35 0 80 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 4 CN 85 60 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 4 MFRA 50 25 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 65 40 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 60 50 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 35 20 0 90 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 30 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MC 15 10 0 20 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 55 35 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MC 45 35 0 0 OK 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 25 25 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 5 MFRA 20 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 30 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 55 50 0 75 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 50 35 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 15 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 30 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 CN 20 15 0 100 BL (Page 7) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 30 25 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MC 25 25 0 80 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 25 15 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MDA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 40 25 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 25 20 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 30 30 0 40 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 35 35 0 85 PB 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 45 30 0 100 BL 10/20/05 Mutton 6 MFRA 30 15 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 1 DS 12 11 0 96 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 1 DS 14 11 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 1 SS 20 15 0 2 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 1 MA 16 11 0 98 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 1 PA 12 10 0 15 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 2 MA 50 45 0 99 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 2 PA 14 12 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 2 MC 15 12 0 2 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 2 SS 58 33 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 2 MC 17 11 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 2 SM 18 15 0 95 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 3 SS 20 15 0 95 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 3 AA 8 8 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 3 MILA 30 4 0 50 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 4 MFAV 15 15 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 4 MFAV 40 25 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 4 MC 10 15 0 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 5 MFRA 12 12 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 5 SS 10 15 0 80 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 5 MA 15 12 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 5 MC 35 30 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 5 PA 10 10 0 10 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 5 PA 15 15 0 80 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 5 DS 12 10 0 70 PB 10/13/05 Salt River 5 SS 35 40 0 OK 10/13/05 Salt River 6 IR 12 10 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 6 PA 40 25 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 6 SS 25 25 0 100 BL 10/13/05 Salt River 6 MFAV 25 20 0 90 PB 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MC 25 45 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 PA 15 5 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MA 60 65 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 1 SS 25 15 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MC 10 10 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 PA 25 25 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MA 50 45 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MC 30 15 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MFRA 30 25 0 100 SP (Page 8) St. Croix Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Date Location Transect Species Width (cm) Height (cm) Disease Bleaching 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MFRA 40 35 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MA 45 25 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 1 MFRA 50 40 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 2 PA 15 5 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MA 25 35 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MC 65 55 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MFRA 45 40 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MFRA 25 40 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MA 15 30 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MFRA 12 12 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 2 SS 40 30 0 100 BL 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MA 20 45 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 2 SS 40 25 0 100 BL 01/20/06 Sprat 2 MC 20 35 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 3 PA 20 15 0 100 BL 01/20/06 Sprat 3 PA 15 10 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 3 PA 25 10 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 3 MFRA 10 7 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 3 MA 18 30 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 3 MA 10 12 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 4 MA 55 70 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 4 MA 60 45 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 4 MFRA 15 25 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 4 MA 20 15 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 4 AA 10 8 0 100 BL 01/20/06 Sprat 4 MA 10 12 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 5 SS 25 20 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 5 PA 15 10 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 60 45 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 95 45 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 80 60 0 100 BL 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 50 45 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 115 50 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 5 MA 100 50 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 6 DL 60 20 ND WSD 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MA 40 15 0 100 SP 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MA 55 20 0 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MFRA 30 40 ND WSD 100 P 01/20/06 Sprat 6 PA 25 20 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 6 PA 25 5 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MFRA 10 15 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MA 25 15 0 0 OK 01/20/06 Sprat 6 MA 30 15 0 0 OK (Page 9) Seahorse Cottage Shoal Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 5/9/05 5/9/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 7.14 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 4.76 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 4.76 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached PA 0 0 SS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 PA 0 0 MA 0 0 DL 0 0 EF 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MA 0 0 PA 2 WP 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 PA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MM 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 DS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 5 PB MFRA 2 WP 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 5/9/05 5/9/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFAV 0 0 PA 0 0 MFAV 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MC 0 0 DL 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFAV 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 SS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFAV 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PP 0 0 DS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PP 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MM 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFAV 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MME 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MME 0 0 Transect 5 Transect 6 5/9/05 5/9/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 4.76 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 5.00 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 (Page 10) South Capella Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 5/3/05 5/3/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 14.29 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 SS 0 20 B MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 SS 0 60 PB MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 5/3/05 5/3/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 5.00 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 5.26 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 5.00 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 20 WP 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 60 WP 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 2 B MFRA 0 0 Transect 5 Transect 6 5/3/05 5/3/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 5.26 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 5.26 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached SS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 SS 0 80 PB MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 SS 60 DS 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 (Page 11) South Water Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 5/10/05 5/10/05 48.70 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 62.50 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 50.00 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached PA 0 2 B PA 0 100 PB SS 0 100 PB MC 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MME 0 100 PB EF 0 100 B MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MME 0 100B DS 0 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 5/10/05 5/10/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 63.64 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 62.50 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached SS 0 100 PB DS 0 100 PB SS 0 100 PB MME 0 100 B MA 0 0 MC 0 0 EF 0 100 B MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MME 0 10 PB MC 0 0 MC 0 0 EF 0 100 B SS 0 100 PB AA 0 100 B PA 0 2 B PA 0 0 SS 0 100 B AA 0 50 B Transect 5 Transect 6 5/10/05 5/10/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 28.57 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 25.00 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MC 0 100 PB MA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 100 B MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MC 0 100 PB DS 0 5 B MC 0 0 AA 0 0 PA 0 0 AA 0 0 SS 0 0 (Page 12) Grammanik Bank Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 10.00 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached DS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 SS 0 80 PB MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 7.69 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 10.00 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 70 PB MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 70 PB PA 0 0 MC 0 0 PA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 5 Transect 6 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 10.00 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 2 B MFRA 0 0 AA 0 10 B MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 (Page 13) Red Hind Bank Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 4/29/05 4/29/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 12.50 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 12.50 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MC 0 20 PB SS 0 60 B MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 90 B MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 DS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 20 PB PA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 4/29/05 4/29/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFR 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 PA 0 0 AA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 5 Transect 6 4/29/05 4/29/05 No. of Diadema: 0.00 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 5.88 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 14.29 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 DL 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 60 PB DL 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 10 PB AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA (Page 14) College Shoal East Appendix IV: Summary of Urchin, Bleaching, and Disease Data Transect 1 Transect 2 5/28/05 5/28/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 DL 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 DL 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PP 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 3 Transect 4 5/28/05 5/28/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 0 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 SS 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MILA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 PA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 Transect 5 Transect 6 5/28/05 5/28/05 No. of Diadema: 0 No. of Diadema: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Disease: 0 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 7.14 % of Coral Colonies with Bleaching: 5.56 Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached Coral Species % Diseased % Bleached MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MC 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 60 PB MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 8 B MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 MFRA 0 0 AA 0 0 PA 0 0 (Page 15) Appendix V. Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Total No. of Fish Observed Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acanthuridae Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeon 89 67 93 56 24 51 141 6 527 Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish - - 2 14 - 25 - 4 45 Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 42 28 28 26 22 59 203 6 414 Apogonidae Apogon townsendi belted cardinalfish - - - 12 - - - - 12 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish 3 4 2 - 9 2 1 - 21 Balistidae Balistes vetula queen triggerfish - - - - - 1 - - 1 Melichthys niger black durgon 80 86 8 5 6 1 3 55 244 Blenniidae Ophioblennius atlanticus redlip blenny - - - - - - 25 - 25 Bothidae Bothus lunatus peacock flounder - - - - - - 1 - 1 Carangidae Caranx fusus blue runner - - 3 - - - - - 3 Caranx latus horse-eye jack 6 - - - - - - - 6 Caranx ruber bar jack 3 36 18 22 14 48 42 2 185 Decapterus macarellus mackerel scad - 100 - 1,780 - 10 - - 1,890 Chaetodontidae Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish 4 6 - - 2 - - - 12 Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 32 24 - 27 30 11 2 11 137 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish 9 4 3 5 4 - 2 4 31 Cirrhitidae Amblycirrhitus pinos redspotted hawkfish 1 2 2 1 - - - - 6 Appendix V continued. Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Total No. of Fish Observed Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dasyatidae Dasyatis americana southern stingray 1 - 1 - 1 - - - 3 Exocoetidae Hemiramphus brasiliensis ballyhoo - - - 100 - - - - 100 Gerreidae Gerres cinereus yellowfin majorra - 1 - - - - - - 1 Ginglymostomatidae Ginglymostoma cirratum nurse shark - - - - - - 1 - 1 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 102 245 3 40 42 34 - 14 480 Haemulidae Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate - - 5 - - 8 - - 13 Haemulon carbonarium caesar grunt 1 4 25 - 1 - - - 31 Haemulon chrysargyreum smallmouth grunt - 1 15 - - 7 1 - 24 Haemulon flavolineatum french grunt 19 11 18 29 61 19 6 4 167 Haemulon melanurum cottonwick - - 3 - - - - - 3 Haemulon plumieri white grunt - - - - - 1 - - 1 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt - - - 4 3 - - - 7 Holocentridae Holocentrus adcensionis squirrelfish - 2 1 - 1 - 3 - 7 Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish 3 2 2 7 23 7 - 1 45 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish 10 5 21 55 17 - 12 2 122 Neoniphon marianus longjaw squirrelfish 1 4 5 - - 1 - - 11 Sargocentron coruscus reef squirrelfish 1 - - - - - 1 - 2 Inermiidae Inermia vittata boga - - - 100 81 - - - 181 Appendix V continued. Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Total No. of Fish Observed Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kyphosidae Kyphosus sectatrix/incisor Bermuda chub 1 - - - - - - - 1 Labridae Bodianus rufus spanish hogfish 2 9 5 6 6 - 2 1 31 Clepticus parrae creole wrasse 320 1,570 22 1,167 1,937 64 - 40 5,120 Halichoeres bivittatus slippery dick 5 - 16 1 2 - 110 - 134 Halichoeres garnoti yellowhead wrasse 58 54 62 99 79 68 3 9 432 Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 20 5 20 10 1 4 92 - 152 Halichoeres pictus rainbow wrasse - 5 - - - - - - 5 Halichoeres poeyi blackear wrasse - - 1 - - - - - 1 Halichoeres radiatus pudding wife 1 - 3 1 - 1 26 - 32 Thalassoma bifasciatum bluehead wrasse 1,073 451 803 1,008 325 201 788 43 4,692 Lutjanidae Lutjanus analis mutton snapper - - - - 1 - - - 1 Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster 5 - - - 2 1 5 - 13 Lutjanus mahogoni mahogany snapper - 3 5 - 5 5 3 - 21 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper 1 11 1 9 1 21 2 1 47 Malacanthidae Malacanthus plumieri sand tilefish - 1 1 - - - 6 - 8 Monocanthidae Cantherhines pullus orangespotted filefish 6 - 2 1 1 - 8 1 19 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish 3 24 5 3 9 3 - 2 49 Psuedupeneus maculatus spotted goatfish 1 - 23 7 - 4 1 - 36 Muraenidae Gymnothorax funebris green moray 2 - - - - - - - 2 Gymnothorax moringa spotted moray - 1 - - - - - - 1 Appendix V continued. Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Total No. of Fish Observed Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ostraciidae Acanthostracion ploygonia honeycomb cowfish 3 3 1 3 2 1 - 1 14 Lactophrys bicaudalis spotted trunkfish 1 - - 1 1 - - - 3 Lactophrys triqueter smooth trunkfish 1 3 3 - 2 - 1 - 10 Pomacanthidae Holacanthus ciliaris queen angelfish - - - 1 - - - - 1 Holacanthus tricolor rock beauty 5 2 - 5 3 - - - 15 Pomacanthus paru french angelfish - - - 1 - - 1 - 2 Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis sergeant major 61 36 - 24 7 - 33 - 161 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 76 944 229 287 504 170 1 47 2,258 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 86 621 14 159 454 - 145 27 1,506 Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 22 17 22 10 2 1 126 2 202 Stegastes adustus dusky damselfish 6 1 15 48 1 - 70 - 141 Stegastes diencaeus longfin damselfish 15 75 - 53 37 28 121 3 332 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory 4 7 18 40 7 28 2 3 109 Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 394 327 464 410 301 97 41 113 2,147 Stegastes planifrons threespot damselfish 2 86 1 5 183 157 2 2 438 Stegastes variabilis cocoa damselfish - - - 18 1 - - - 19 Priacanthidae Heteropriacanthus cruentatus glasseye snapper - 1 1 - 4 - - - 6 Scaridae Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 24 62 22 66 72 353 40 6 645 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 45 39 4 20 81 9 - 18 216 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish 1 1 - - 8 16 48 - 74 Sparisoma atomarium greenblotch parrotfish - - 17 - 2 14 - - 33 Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 100 79 82 110 93 120 39 14 637 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish 3 - 3 1 - 1 15 - 23 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish 2 - 2 - - 2 29 - 35 Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 14 65 27 17 78 77 129 4 411 Appendix V continued. Abundance of fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Total No. of Fish Observed Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP MS Total _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sciaenidae Equetus punctatus spotted drum - - - - - 1 - - 1 Odontoscion dentex reef croaker - - - - 1 - - - 1 Scombridae Scomberomorus regalis cero mackerel - - - 1 - - 3 - 4 Scorpaenidae Scorpaena plumieri spotted scorpionfish - - 1 - 1 - - - 2 Serranidae Cephalopholis cruentatus graysby 6 27 8 13 27 5 - 8 94 Cephalopholis fulvus coney 43 11 37 34 9 3 4 - 141 Epinephelus guttatus red hind 1 - 1 3 - 6 1 - 12 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet 1 3 - 1 - 3 - 1 9 Hypoplectrus guttavarius shy hamlet 1 1 - - - - - - 2 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 1 1 - - 1 8 - - 11 Hypoplectrus puella barred hamlet 3 3 - 1 4 13 - 1 25 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet - - - - 1 2 - 1 4 Liopropoma rubre peppermint basslet - - - - 1 - - - 1 Rypticus saponaceus greater soapfish - 1 - - - - - - 1 Serranus tabacarius tobacco fish - 1 - 3 - - - - 4 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 10 7 10 40 8 2 - - 77 Sphyraenidae Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda - 1 - - - 2 1 1 5 Synodontidae Synodus intermedius sand diver - - - 1 - 1 - - 2 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata sharpnose puffer 5 27 3 12 31 7 - 3 88 Diodon holacanthus balloonfish - - 1 - - - - - 1 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ n = 100 species Total = 2,841 5,218 2,213 5,983 4,637 1,784 2,342 461 25,479 Appendix VI. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Total Length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 > 40 No. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Acanthuridae Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeon 67 99 350 11 - - 527 Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish - 3 38 4 - - 45 Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 87 58 262 7 - - 414 Apogonidae Apogon townsendi belted cardinalfish 12 - - - - - 12 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish - - 1 2 11 7 21 Balistidae Balistes vetula queen triggerfish - - - - 1 - 1 Melichthys niger black durgon 1 28 73 128 14 - 244 Blenniidae Ophioblennius atlanticus redlip blenny 3 19 3 - - - 25 Bothidae Bothus lunatus peacock flounder - - 1 - - - 1 Carangidae Caranx fusus blue runner - - 3 - - - 3 Caranx latus horse-eye jack - - 1 - - 5 6 Caranx ruber bar jack - 7 126 50 2 - 185 Decapterus macarellus mackerel scad - - 1880 10 - - 1890 Chaetodontidae Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish - 12 - - - - 12 Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 4 133 - - - - 137 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish - 9 22 - - - 31 Cirrhitidae Amblycirrhitus pinos redspotted hawkfish 2 4 - - - - 6 Dasyatidae Dasyatis americana southern stingray - - - - - 3 3 Exocoetidae Hemiramphus brasiliensis ballyhoo - - - 100 - - 100 Gerreidae Gerres cinereus yellowfin majorra - - - 1 - - 1 Ginglymostomatidae Ginglymostoma cirratum nurse shark - - - - - 1 1 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 437 43 - - - - 480 Appendix VI continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Total Length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 > 40 No. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Haemulidae Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate - 3 10 - - - 13 Haemulon carbonarium caesar grunt - - 20 11 - - 31 Haemulon chrysargyreum smallmouth grunt - - 24 - - - 24 Haemulon flavolineatum french grunt 50 3 114 - - - 167 Haemulon melanurum cottonwick - - 3 - - - 3 Haemulon plumieri white grunt - - - 1 - - 1 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt - - 1 5 1 - 7 Holocentridae Holocentrus adcensionis squirrelfish - - 3 4 - - 7 Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish - 1 40 4 - - 45 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish - 11 111 - - - 122 Neoniphon marianus longjaw squirrelfish - - 11 - - - 11 Sargocentron coruscus reef squirrelfish - - 2 - - - 2 Inermiidae Inermia vittata boga - 20 161 - - - 181 Kyphosidae Kyphosus sectatrix/incisor Bermuda chub - - - 1 - - 1 Labridae Bodianus rufus spanish hogfish 6 13 10 2 - - 31 Clepticus parrae creole wrasse 1477 1491 2152 - - - 5120 Halichoeres bivittatus slippery dick 24 65 45 - - - 134 Halichoeres garnoti yellowhead wrasse 78 263 91 - - - 432 Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 23 97 32 - - - 152 Halichoeres pictus rainbow wrasse - 3 2 - - - 5 Halichoeres poeyi blackear wrasse - 1 - - - - 1 Halichoeres radiatus pudding wife 13 17 2 - - - 32 Thalassoma bifasciatum bluehead wrasse 2180 2482 30 - - - 4692 Lutjanidae Lutjanus analis mutton snapper - - - - - 1 1 Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster - - 5 4 2 2 13 Lutjanus mahogoni mahogany snapper - 1 18 2 - - 21 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper - - 19 25 3 - 47 Malacanthidae Malacanthus plumieri sand tilefish - - 3 4 1 - 8 Monocanthidae Cantherhines pullus orangespotted filefish - 4 13 2 - - 19 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish - - 45 4 - - 49 Psuedupeneus maculatus spotted goatfish - 2 31 3 - - 36 Appendix VI continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Total Length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 > 40 No. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Muraenidae Gymnothorax funebris green moray - - - - - 2 2 Gymnothorax moringa spotted moray - - - - - 1 1 Ostraciidae Acanthostrac. ploygonia honeycomb cowfish - - - 9 5 - 14 Lactophrys bicaudalis spotted trunkfish 2 1 - - - - 3 Lactophrys triqueter smooth trunkfish 1 2 7 - - - 10 Pomacanthidae Holacanthus ciliaris queen angelfish - - - 1 - - 1 Holacanthus tricolor rock beauty 3 2 8 2 - - 15 Pomacanthus paru french angelfish - - 1 1 - - 2 Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis sergeant major - 65 96 - - - 161 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 946 1312 - - - - 2258 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 398 1077 31 - - - 1506 Microspath. chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 34 44 124 - - - 202 Stegastes adustus dusky damselfish 23 116 2 - - - 141 Stegastes diencaeus longfin damselfish 67 265 - - - - 332 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory 28 81 - - - - 109 Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 936 1211 - - - - 2147 Stegastes planifrons threespot damselfish 126 312 - - - - 438 Stegastes variabilis cocoa damselfish 18 1 - - - - 19 Priacanthidae Heteropriac. cruentatus glasseye snapper - - 3 3 - - 6 Scaridae Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 330 220 90 5 - - 645 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 8 46 109 49 4 - 216 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish - 4 12 42 14 2 74 Sparisoma atomarium greenblotch parrotfish 7 26 - - - - 33 Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 184 126 269 58 - - 637 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish - 3 6 13 1 - 23 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish 3 8 10 12 2 - 35 Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 205 71 61 49 25 - 411 Sciaenidae Equetus punctatus spotted drum - - 1 - - - 1 Odontoscion dentex reef croaker - - 1 - - - 1 Scombridae Scomberomorus regalis cero mackerel - - - - 1 3 4 Appendix VI continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Croix, 2005. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Total Length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 > 40 No. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Scorpaenidae Scorpaena plumieri spotted scorpionfish - - 1 1 - - 2 Serranidae Cephalopholis cruentatus graysby - 12 73 9 - - 94 Cephalopholis fulvus coney 1 45 86 9 - - 141 Epinephelus guttatus red hind - - 6 5 1 - 12 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet - 7 2 - - - 9 Hypoplectrus guttavarius shy hamlet - 2 - - - - 2 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 1 5 5 - - - 11 Hypoplectrus puella barred hamlet 4 19 2 - - - 25 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet - 3 1 - - - 4 Liopropoma rubre peppermint basslet - 1 - - - - 1 Rypticus saponaceus greater soapfish - - - 1 - - 1 Serranus tabacarius tobacco fish 1 3 - - - - 4 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 12 55 10 - - - 77 Sphyraenidae Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda - - - - - 5 5 Synodontidae Synodus intermedius sand diver - - 2 - - - 2 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata sharpnose puffer 44 44 - - - - 88 Diodon holacanthus balloonfish - - 1 - - - 1 _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Total = 7,846 10,081 6,778 654 88 32 25,479 % = 30.8% 39.6% 26.6% 2.6% 0.35% 0.13% 100.0% _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Appendix VII. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acanthuridae Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeon 3.7 3.5 4.0 3.5 2.8 3.3 4.0 3.50 Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish - 1.3 1.3 0.5 - 2.8 1.0 1.00 Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 3.3 3.5 3.3 2.8 2.3 3.3 4.3 3.23 Apogonidae Apogon lachneri whitestar cardinalfish - - - - - 1.0 - 0.15 Apogon townsendi belted cardinalfish 0.3 1.0 - 0.8 0.3 0.5 - 0.42 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.8 1.8 2.0 0.8 1.08 Balistidae Melichthys niger black durgon 3.0 3.5 2.3 0.8 1.5 - 1.5 1.73 Blenniidae Ophioblennius atlanticus redlip blenny - - - - 0.3 - 3.3 0.54 Bothidae Bothus lunatus peacock flounder - 0.3 - 0.3 - 0.3 - 0.12 Carangidae Caranx latus horse-eye jack - 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 Caranx ruber bar jack 1.7 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.3 2.3 2.8 2.12 Decapterus macarellus mackerel scad - - - 3.0 - - - 0.46 Chaenopsidae Acanthemblemaria spinosa spinyhead blenny 0.7 0.8 - - 0.5 - - 0.27 Chaetodontidae Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish 1.7 1.5 - 0.3 1.0 - - 0.62 Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 3.0 2.8 - 2.8 2.5 1.8 0.5 1.92 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish 1.7 1.5 1.3 0.8 1.0 - 1.0 1.00 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Cirrhitidae Amblycirrhitus pinos redspotted hawkfish 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 - - 0.27 Congridae Heteroconger longissimus brown garden eel - - - - 1.0 - - 0.15 Dasyatidae Dasyatis americana southern stingray - - - - 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.12 Echeneidae Echeneis naucrates sharksucker - 0.3 - - - - - 0.04 Gerreidae Gerres cinereus yellowfin majorra - 0.5 - - - 1.0 0.5 0.31 Gobiidae Coryphopterus dicrus colon goby - 0.5 - 0.5 - 0.5 - 0.23 Coryphopterus eidolon pallid goby - - - - 1.0 1.3 - 0.35 Coryphopterus glaucofrenatum bridled goby 1.0 3.8 0.7 2.8 3.0 3.0 - 2.12 Coryphopterus lipernes peppermint goby - 2.8 - 0.5 2.0 2.3 - 1.15 C. personatus/hyalinus glass/masked goby 2.7 5.0 - 2.3 2.5 3.8 - 2.38 Elacatinus evelynae/genie sharknose/cleaning goby 1.0 1.8 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.8 - 1.00 Gnatholepis thompsoni goldspot goby - 2.0 - 1.0 0.8 0.8 - 0.69 Gobiosoma chancei shortstripe goby - 0.3 - - 0.5 - - 0.12 Gobiosoma prochilos broadstripe goby 1.0 - - 0.8 - - - 0.23 Gobiosoma saucrum leopard goby - 0.3 - - 0.3 - - 0.08 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 3.7 4.0 1.3 1.5 2.8 2.8 0.5 2.35 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Haemulidae Anisotremus virginicus porkfish 0.3 - - - - - - 0.04 Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate - - 1.7 - - 2.8 - 0.62 Haemulon carbonarium caesar grunt 1.3 1.5 0.3 0.8 0.5 - 2.0 0.92 Haemulon chrysargyreum smallmouth grunt 0.3 2.3 2.7 0.5 - 2.0 1.0 1.23 Haemulon flavolineatum french grunt 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.3 2.3 3.0 2.3 2.54 Haemulon macrostomum spanish grunt 0.3 - - - - - - 0.04 Haemulon plumieri white grunt 1.3 1.0 - 0.5 0.5 1.3 - 0.65 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt 1.7 1.0 0.3 1.5 0.3 0.5 - 0.73 Holocentridae Holocentrus adcensionis squirrelfish - 0.3 1.7 - - - 1.8 0.50 Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish 1.3 1.0 0.7 2.0 2.3 1.5 0.3 1.31 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish 2.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 - 2.8 2.27 Neoniphon marianus longjaw squirrelfish 0.3 1.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.0 - 0.69 Sargocentron vexillarium dusky squirrelfish - - - - - - 0.5 0.08 Inermiidae Inermia vittata boga - 1.0 - - 1.0 - - 0.31 Kyphosidae Kyphosus sectatrix/incisor Bermuda chub 0.7 - - - - - 0.5 0.15 Labridae Bodianus rufus spanish hogfish 0.7 1.5 2.0 0.3 1.3 - 2.0 1.08 Clepticus parrae creole wrasse 4.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 - 2.88 Halichoeres bivittatus slippery dick 0.7 - 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.3 4.0 1.35 Halichoeres garnoti yellowhead wrasse 2.7 3.5 3.7 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.5 2.92 Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 1.7 0.8 2.7 1.3 1.8 0.8 3.5 1.73 Halichoeres pictus rainbow wrasse - 1.3 - - - 0.5 - 0.27 Halichoeres poeyi blackear wrasse - - 0.7 - - - 1.0 0.23 Halichoeres radiatus pudding wife 0.3 - 0.7 0.8 - 0.3 2.5 0.65 Thalassoma bifasciatum bluehead wrasse 4.7 4.3 4.3 4.5 3.5 4.0 4.8 4.27 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Labrisomidae Malacoctenus aurolineatus goldline blenny 1.0 - - - - - 1.0 0.27 Malacoctenus bohlkei diamond blenny - - - - - 0.3 - 0.04 Malacoctenus macropus rosy blenny - - - - - - 0.3 0.04 Malacoctenus triangulatus saddled blenny 1.0 - 1.0 - - - 2.0 0.54 Lutjanidae Lutjanus analis mutton snapper - - - - 0.3 0.3 - 0.08 Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster 0.7 2.0 0.7 - 1.5 - 1.5 0.92 Lutjanus mahogoni mahogany snapper 1.0 2.3 1.7 0.8 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.58 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper 2.3 1.8 1.0 2.5 0.5 2.3 1.5 1.69 Malacanthidae Malacanthus plumieri sand tilefish - 0.3 0.7 - 0.8 0.5 2.8 0.73 Monocanthidae Aluterus scripta scrawled filefish 0.3 0.3 - - - 0.3 - 0.12 Cantherhines macrocerus whitespotted filefish - - - - 0.5 0.3 - 0.12 Cantherhines pullus orangespotted filefish 1.7 0.8 0.7 1.0 - 0.3 1.8 0.85 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish 1.7 3.0 1.3 1.3 2.0 2.8 1.3 1.92 Psuedupeneus maculatus spotted goatfish 1.3 - 2.0 2.3 0.3 2.0 1.3 1.27 Muraenidae Gymnothorax funebris green moray - 0.3 - - - - - 0.04 Myliobatidae Aetobatus narinari spotted eagle ray 0.3 - 0.3 - - - - 0.08 Opistognathidae Opistognathus aurifrons yellowhead jawfish 3.3 - - 1.5 - - - 0.62 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ostraciidae Acanthostracion ploygonia honeycomb cowfish 0.7 0.5 - 1.3 1.3 0.5 - 0.62 Lactophrys bicaudalis spotted trunkfish 0.3 - 0.3 - - 0.3 0.3 0.15 Lactophrys triqueter smooth trunkfish - 0.8 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.46 Pempheridae Pempheris schomburgki glassy sweeper - - - - - - 0.5 0.08 Pomacanthidae Holacanthus ciliaris queen angelfish - 0.8 - - - - 1.0 0.27 Holacanthus tricolor rock beauty 2.0 0.8 1.7 1.3 1.0 - - 0.88 Pomacanthus arcuatus gray angelfish - - - - - 0.3 - 0.04 Pomacanthus paru french angelfish 1.0 - - - - - 0.3 0.15 Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis sergeant major 3.0 3.5 1.7 3.0 2.0 - 2.5 2.23 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 4.0 4.5 4.0 3.3 3.8 3.8 0.3 3.31 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 3.7 4.5 3.0 3.5 3.5 0.5 3.3 3.12 Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 1.3 2.8 2.7 2.3 0.3 0.5 3.8 1.92 Stegastes adustus dusky damselfish 2.7 - 3.3 1.0 - - 3.0 1.31 Stegastes diencaeus longfin damselfish - 3.3 2.0 1.5 3.0 2.8 1.8 2.12 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory 1.3 1.5 2.7 1.5 1.3 2.5 1.8 1.77 Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 4.7 3.8 4.3 4.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.88 Stegastes planifrons threespot damselfish 1.3 3.3 - 1.0 3.5 3.8 0.3 1.96 Stegastes variabilis cocoa damselfish - - - 0.3 - - 0.8 0.15 Priacanthidae Heteropriacanthus cruentatus glasseye snapper - 0.8 - 0.3 0.5 - 0.5 0.31 Priacanthus arenatus bigeye - - - - - 0.3 - 0.04 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Scaridae Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 2.7 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.8 1.8 2.77 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 3.3 3.0 1.3 2.8 3.0 1.0 - 2.04 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish 0.7 1.8 0.7 - 1.3 2.3 3.5 1.50 Sparisoma atomarium greenblotch parrotfish - 0.5 1.7 0.5 - 2.3 - 0.69 Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.23 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish 1.0 0.3 2.0 0.3 - 0.8 1.8 0.81 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish - 0.5 0.7 - - 1.0 3.0 0.77 Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 2.7 3.0 2.3 2.3 3.3 2.8 3.8 2.88 Sciaenidae Equetus punctatus spotted drum - - 0.7 0.3 - 0.3 - 0.15 Pareques acuminatus high-hat - - 0.3 - - - - 0.04 Scombridae Euthynnus alleteratus little tunny - - - 0.3 - - - 0.04 Scomberomorus regalis cero mackerel 0.3 - - - - - - 0.04 Serranidae Cephalopholis cruentatus graysby 1.7 3.0 1.7 2.3 2.8 2.0 - 1.92 Cephalopholis fulvus coney 3.3 1.8 3.0 2.5 1.3 0.5 2.0 1.96 Epinephelus guttatus red hind 0.3 - 1.3 1.0 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.62 Epinephelus striatus Nassau grouper - - - - - 0.3 - 0.04 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet 2.0 0.8 - 0.8 0.3 1.3 - 0.69 Hypoplectrus guttavarius shy hamlet - - - - - 0.5 - 0.08 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 0.7 0.8 - - 0.5 2.8 - 0.69 Hypoplectrus puella barred hamlet 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.3 1.0 2.0 - 0.77 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet - - - - 0.3 - - 0.04 Liopropoma rubre peppermint basslet 0.3 0.5 - - - - - 0.12 Mycteroperca tigris tiger grouper 0.3 - - - - - - 0.04 Paranthias furcifer creolefish - 0.3 - - - - - 0.04 Rypticus saponaceus greater soapfish 0.3 0.3 0.3 - - - 0.3 0.15 Serranus tabacarius tobacco fish - 0.8 - 2.0 - 0.3 - 0.46 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 2.0 1.3 1.3 2.8 1.3 - - 1.19 Appendix VII continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Croix, 2005. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SR CB IB ER SH BI GP All Sites _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sparidae Calamus calamus saucereye porgy - - - 0.3 - - - 0.04 Calamus sp. porgy, unident. - - - - - 0.3 0.3 0.08 Sphyraenidae Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda - - 0.7 0.3 - - - 0.12 Synodontidae Synodus intermedius sand diver - - - 0.8 0.3 0.3 - 0.19 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata sharpnose puffer 0.3 2.0 0.7 1.0 2.5 2.3 - 1.31 Diodon hystrix porcupinefish 0.3 0.3 - - - - - 0.08 Sphoeroides spengleri bandtail puffer - 0.3 - - - - - 0.04 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ No. of Replicate Surveys 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 26 Total No. Species = 76 83 66 75 72 76 63 127 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Average Abundance Index (AI) was calculated as the mean score from 3 or 4 replicate surveys using the following scale: 0=no fish, 1=1fish, 2=2-10 fish, 3=11- 100 fish, 4=101-1000 fish, 5 = 1001+ fish. Appendix VIII. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Fork length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Acanthuridae Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeonfish - 49 23 - - - 72 Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish 1 66 12 - - - 79 Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 4 47 49 4 - - 103 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish - - - - 2 - 2 - Balistidae - Balistes vetula queen triggerfish - - 7 6 - - 13 Melichthys niger black durgon - 1 32 5 - - 39 Canthidermis sufflamen ocean triggerfish - - 3 3 - - 6 Carangidae Caranx ruber bar jack - 1 4 21 6 - 32 Cheatodontidae Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 42 45 - - - - 87 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish - 12 - - - - 12 Chaetodon sedentarius reef butterflyfish - 7 - - - - 7 Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish 1 5 - - - - 6 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 285 - - - - - 285 Haemulidae Haemulon plumieri white grunt - 28 6 1 - - 35 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt - - 12 2 - - 4 Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt - 38 30 - - - 68 Haemulon striatus striped grunt - - - 1 - - 1 Haemulon carbonarium Caesar grunt - - 1 4 - - 5 Haemulon parra sailors choice - - 1 - - - 1 Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate - - 48 - - - 48 Anisotremus virginicus porkfish - - 3 - - - 3 Holocentridae Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish - 69 42 - - - 111 Holocentrus adscensionis squirrelfish - 2 - - - - 2 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish - 14 8 - - - 22 Priacanthus cruentatus glasseye snapper - 1 1 - - - 2 Kyphosidae Kyphosus sectatrix Bermuda chub - - - 6 - - 6 Appendix VIII continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Fork length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Labridae Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 11 - - - - - 11 Halichoeres garnoti yellow headed wrasse 220 52 1 - - - 273 Thalassoma bifasciatum blue headed wrasse 343 95 21 - - - 459 Clepticus parrae creole wrasse 552 358 - - - - 910 Bodianus rufus Spanish hogfish - 2 3 - - - 5 Lutjanidae Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster snapper - 3 99 102 5 - 209 Lutjanus griseus gray snapper - - 7 20 2 - 29 Lutjanus analis mutton snapper - - - 2 - - 2 Lutjanus mahogani mahogany snapper - - 10 10 - - 20 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper - - 3 8 - - 11 Lutjanus synagris lane snapper - 24 - - - - 24 Lutjanus cyanopterus cubera snapper - - - - - 45 45 Lutjanus jocu dog snapper - - 1 2 - - 3 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish - 32 33 3 - - 68 Pseudupeneus maculatus spotted goatfish - 10 6 - - - 16 Ostraciidae Lactophyrus triqueter smooth trunkfish - 4 - - - - 4 Pomacanthidae Pomacanthus paru French angel - - 2 1 - - 3 Pomacanthus arcuatus gray angel 0 - 1 1 - - 2 Holocanthus tricolor rock beauty 1 12 4 - - - 17 Holocanthus ciliarus queen angel - - 5 7 - - 12 Pomacentridae Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 599 186 - - - - 785 Stegastes planifrons three-spot damselfish 167 48 - - - - 212 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory 6 8 - - - - 14 Stegastes diencaeus longfin damselfish 9 5 - - - - 14 Stegastes variablis cocoa damselfish 8 2 - - - - 10 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 1481 348 - - - - 1829 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 251 173 - - - - 424 Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 22 1 - - - - 23 Abudefduf saxatillis sergeant major - 6 - - - - 6 Scaridae Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 1 8 24 15 2 - 51 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish 2 20 7 4 1 - 34 Appendix VIII continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Scaridae Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 55 38 10 3 - - 106 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 20 78 18 3 - - 119 Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 154 296 21 3 - - 436 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish - - 5 7 - - 12 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish - - 2 2 - - 4 Scombridae Scomberomorus regalis cero - - - - 2 - 2 Serranidae Mycteroperca tigris tiger grouper - - - 9 12 - 21 Epinephelus guttatus red hind grouper - - 7 6 2 - 15 Epinephelus cruentatus graysby - 19 19 2 - - 40 Epinephelus striatus Nassau grouper - - - - 2 - 2 Epinephelus fulvus coney - 1 3 1 - - 5 Mycteroperca venenosa yellowfin grouper - - - - - 2 2 Mycteroperca interstitialis yellowmouth grouper - - - - 2 - 2 Hypoplectrus puella barred Hamlet 14 21 - - - - 35 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 1 1 - - - - 2 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet 4 13 - - - - 17 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet 3 9 - - - - 12 Hypoplectrus aberrans yellowbelly hamlet 1 2 - - - - 3 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 1 2 - - - - 3 Serranus tabacarius tobacco fish 1 - - - - - 1 Paranthias furcifer creolefish - 76 2 - - - 78 Sparidae Calamus calamus saucereye porgy - - - 1 - - 1 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata shortnose puffer 10 4 - - - - 14 Spheroides spengleri bandtail puffer - 1 - - - - 1 Total = 4280 2344 596 285 38 47 7590 % = 56.4% 30.9% 7.8% 3.8% 0.5% 0.6% 100.0% Appendix IX. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Fork length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Acanthuridae Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeonfish - 49 23 - - - 72 Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish 1 66 12 - - - 79 Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 4 47 49 4 - - 103 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish - - - - 2 - 2 - Balistidae - Balistes vetula queen triggerfish - - 7 6 - - 13 Melichthys niger black durgon - 1 32 5 - - 39 Canthidermis sufflamen ocean triggerfish - - 3 3 - - 6 Carangidae Caranx ruber bar jack - 1 4 21 6 - 32 Cheatodontidae Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 42 45 - - - - 87 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish - 12 - - - - 12 Chaetodon sedentarius reef butterflyfish - 7 - - - - 7 Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish 1 5 - - - - 6 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 285 - - - - - 285 Haemulidae Haemulon plumieri white grunt - 28 6 1 - - 35 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt - - 12 2 - - 4 Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt - 38 30 - - - 68 Haemulon striatus striped grunt - - - 1 - - 1 Haemulon carbonarium Caesar grunt - - 1 4 - - 5 Haemulon parra sailors choice - - 1 - - - 1 Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate - - 48 - - - 48 Anisotremus virginicus porkfish - - 3 - - - 3 Holocentridae Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish - 69 42 - - - 111 Holocentrus adscensionis squirrelfish - 2 - - - - 2 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish - 14 8 - - - 22 Priacanthus cruentatus glasseye snapper - 1 1 - - - 2 Kyphosidae Kyphosus sectatrix Bermuda chub - - - 6 - - 6 Appendix IX continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Fork length (cm) Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Labridae Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 11 - - - - - 11 Halichoeres garnoti yellow headed wrasse 220 52 1 - - - 273 Thalassoma bifasciatum blue headed wrasse 343 95 21 - - - 459 Clepticus parrae creole wrasse 552 358 - - - - 910 Bodianus rufus Spanish hogfish - 2 3 - - - 5 Lutjanidae Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster snapper - 3 99 102 5 - 209 Lutjanus griseus gray snapper - - 7 20 2 - 29 Lutjanus analis mutton snapper - - - 2 - - 2 Lutjanus mahogani mahogany snapper - - 10 10 - - 20 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper - - 3 8 - - 11 Lutjanus synagris lane snapper - 24 - - - - 24 Lutjanus cyanopterus cubera snapper - - - - - 45 45 Lutjanus jocu dog snapper - - 1 2 - - 3 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish - 32 33 3 - - 68 Pseudupeneus maculatus spotted goatfish - 10 6 - - - 16 Ostraciidae Lactophyrus triqueter smooth trunkfish - 4 - - - - 4 Pomacanthidae Pomacanthus paru French angel - - 2 1 - - 3 Pomacanthus arcuatus gray angel 0 - 1 1 - - 2 Holocanthus tricolor rock beauty 1 12 4 - - - 17 Holocanthus ciliarus queen angel - - 5 7 - - 12 Pomacentridae Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 599 186 - - - - 785 Stegastes planifrons three-spot damselfish 167 48 - - - - 212 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory 6 8 - - - - 14 Stegastes diencaeus longfin damselfish 9 5 - - - - 14 Stegastes variablis cocoa damselfish 8 2 - - - - 10 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 1481 348 - - - - 1829 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 251 173 - - - - 424 Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 22 1 - - - - 23 Abudefduf saxatillis sergeant major - 6 - - - - 6 Scaridae Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 1 8 24 15 2 - 51 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish 2 20 7 4 1 - 34 Appendix IX continued. Size distribution of all fish observed in belt transects, St. Thomas, 2005. Total Species Common Name 0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 >40 No. Scaridae Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 55 38 10 3 - - 106 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 20 78 18 3 - - 119 Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 154 296 21 3 - - 436 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish - - 5 7 - - 12 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish - - 2 2 - - 4 Scombridae Scomberomorus regalis cero - - - - 2 - 2 Serranidae Mycteroperca tigris tiger grouper - - - 9 12 - 21 Epinephelus guttatus red hind grouper - - 7 6 2 - 15 Epinephelus cruentatus graysby - 19 19 2 - - 40 Epinephelus striatus Nassau grouper - - - - 2 - 2 Epinephelus fulvus coney - 1 3 1 - - 5 Mycteroperca venenosa yellowfin grouper - - - - - 2 2 Mycteroperca interstitialis yellowmouth grouper - - - - 2 - 2 Hypoplectrus puella barred Hamlet 14 21 - - - - 35 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 1 1 - - - - 2 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet 4 13 - - - - 17 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet 3 9 - - - - 12 Hypoplectrus aberrans yellowbelly hamlet 1 2 - - - - 3 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 1 2 - - - - 3 Serranus tabacarius tobacco fish 1 - - - - - 1 Paranthias furcifer creolefish - 76 2 - - - 78 Sparidae Calamus calamus saucereye porgy - - - 1 - - 1 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata shortnose puffer 10 4 - - - - 14 Spheroides spengleri bandtail puffer - 1 - - - - 1 Total = 4280 2344 596 285 38 47 7590 % = 56.4% 30.9% 7.8% 3.8% 0.5% 0.6% 100.0% Appendix X. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Acanthuridae Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang 2.0 3.3 2.7 2.0 2.0 2.7 2.44 Acanthurus bahianus ocean surgeonfish 2.5 3.0 2.7 2.0 2.0 1.7 2.31 Acanthurus chirugus doctorfish 1.5 2.0 2.0 0.7 - 2.3 1.42 Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus trumpetfish 0.5 1.7 - 0.3 - 0.3 0.47 Balistidae Cantherhines pullus orangespotted filefish 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 - 0.3 0.33 Balistes ventula queen triggerfish 0.5 1.3 2.7 - 0.3 0.3 0.86 Melichthy niger black durgeon 1.0 - - 3.0 1.3 2.3 1.28 Canthidermis sufflamen ocean triggerfish 1.0 - - 0.3 - 0.7 0.33 Carangidae Caranx ruber bar jack 2.5 2.0 1.0 0.7 0.3 2.7 1.53 Caranx lugubris black jack - - - 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.44 Caranx latus horseeye jack 0.5 - - - 1.3 0.7 0.42 Caranx barthlolmaei yellow jack - 0.7 - - - - 0.11 Seriola dumerili amberjack 0.5 - - - - - 0.88 Cheatodontidae Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish 1.0 - - 1.3 2.0 2.3 1.11 Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish 2.0 0.3 - - - 1.7 0.67 Chaetodon ocellatus spotfin butterflyfish 2.0 2.7 2.0 - - - 1.11 Chaetodon aculeatus longsnout butterflyfish 0.5 - 1.0 - 0.7 - 0.36 Chaetodon sedentarius reef butterflyfish 0.5 - - 0.7 1.0 - 0.46 Appendix X continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg. AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Dasyatidae Dasyatis americana southern stingray - 0.7 - - - - 0.11 Gobiidae Coryphopterus personatus masked goby 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.67 Gobiosoma genie cleaning goby - - - 1.0 - - 0.17 Grammatidae Gramma loreto fairy basslet 2.50 2.00 - 0.7 2.3 1.67 1.53 Haemulon Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.3 2.0 0.3 1.75 Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate 1.0 3.3 - - - 0.3 0.78 Haemulon carbonarium caesar grunt 1.5 3.0 0.5 0.3 1.7 - 1.17 Haemulon macrostomum Spanish grunt 0.5 - - - - 0.3 0.14 Haemulon plumieri white grunt - 2.0 2.0 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.94 Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt 1.5 2.0 2.0 0.3 1.7 - 1.25 Anisotremus virginicus porkfish - - - 0.7 1.0 - 0.28 Holocentridae Holocentrus rufus longspine squirrelfish 2.0 2.3 3.0 0.7 1.0 - 1.50 Holocentrus adscensionis squirrelfish 0.5 0.3 - 0.7 - - 0.25 Myripristis jacobus blackbar soldierfish 2.0 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.3 1.06 Inermiidae Inermia vittata boga 2.0 - - - - 1.0 0.50 Appendix X continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Kyphosidae Kyphosis sectatrix Bermuda chub - - - - 0.3 1.3 0.38 Labridae Halichoeres garnoti yellowhead wrasse 2.5 2.0 - - - 1.7 1.03 Thalassoma bifasciatum bluehead wrasse 2.5 3.7 3.3 2.3 0.7 3.3 2.64 Clepticus parrai creole wrasse 3.5 - 1.0 2.3 3.0 - 1.64 Bodianus rufus Spanish hogfish 1.0 2.0 1.7 1.3 0.7 2.0 1.44 Lachnolaimus maximus hogfish - 1.0 - 0.3 - - 0.22 Lutjanidae Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster 2.5 2.7 - 2.7 3.7 1.3 2.14 Lutjanus griseus gray snapper - 3.7 2.3 - - - 1.00 Lutjanus mahogani mahogany snapper - 0.3 - 0. 7 - - 0.17 Lutjanus jocu dog snapper 1.5 - - - - 1.3 0.47 Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper - 3.3 2.0 2. 7 0.7 2.7 1.89 Lutjanus analis mutton snapper 0.5 2.7 1.0 - 0.7 - 0.81 Lutjanus cyanopterus cubera snapper - - - 2. 7 - - 0.44 Malacanthidae Malacanthus pulmieri sand tilefish 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 Mullidae Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish 1.5 2.7 1.0 0. 7 - 2.3 1.36 Pseudupeneus maculatus striped goatfish 2.0 2.7 1.3 0 7 2.0 - 1.44 Appendix X continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Muraenidae Gymnothorax funebris green moray 0.5 - 0.5 - - - 0.17 Myliobatidae Aetobatus narinari spotted eagle ray - 0.3 - - - - 0.06 Ostraciidae Lactophyrs triqueter smooth trunkfish 0.5 0.7 1.0 - 2.0 0.7 0.81 Pomocanthidae Holocanthus tricolor rock beauty 2.0 2.3 2.0 0.7 1.3 0.3 1.44 Holocanthus ciliarus queen angel - - 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.3 0.58 Pomacanthus arcuatus gray angelfish - 0.3 1.0 - 0.7 0.3 0.39 Pomacanthus paru french angelfish - 0.3 - 0.7 - 0.3 0.22 Pomocentridae Stegastes partitus bicolor damselfish 3.0 3.7 1.0 2.0 3.0 2.7 2.56 Stegastes planifrons threespot damselfish 2.5 1.0 - - - - 0.58 Stegastes leucostictus beaugregory - 0.3 - - - - 0.06 Stegastes fuscus dusky damselfish 1.0 0.3 - - - - 0.22 Stegastes variablis cocoa damselfish 0.5 0.7 - - - - 0.19 Chromis cyanea blue chromis 3.0 3.7 3.5 4.0 3.3 4.0 3.58 Chromis multilineata brown chromis 3.0 3.3 1.0 3.0 - 3.7 2.33 Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish 2.0 1.7 0.0 - - - 0.61 Abudefduf saxatillis sergent major 1.0 2.3 - - - - 0.56 Appendix X continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Priacanthidae Priacanthus cruentatus glasseye snapper 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 Scaridae Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish 2.5 2.7 2.0 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.03 Sparisoma aurofrenatum redband parrotfish 2.5 3.0 2.7 2.0 0.7 2.0 2.14 Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish 1.0 - - - 0.7 - 0.28 Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish - 1.3 - - - - 0.22 Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish 2.0 3.0 2.3 1.3 1.3 2.7 2.11 Scarus vetula queen parrotfish 2.5 2.0 2.3 1.3 2.0 1.3 1.92 Scarus iserti striped parrotfish 1.0 3.7 3.5 1.7 2.0 1.0 2.14 Scombridae Scomberomorus regalis cero mackerel - - - 0.7 - - 0.11 Scomberomorus cavalla king mackerel - - - - - 0.3 0.06 Serranidae Hypoplectrus puella barred hamlet 2.0 2.0 1.3 - 1.0 - 1.06 Hypoplectrus nigricans black hamlet 1.0 1.0 - 0.3 - - 0.39 Hypoplectrus chlorurus yellowtail hamlet 1.0 0.3 - - 1.0 0.3 0.44 Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet 1.0 1.7 - - - - 0.44 Hypoplectrus aberrans yellowbelly hamlet 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 Epinephelus cruentatus graysby 2.0 2.3 2.0 0.7 0.3 1.22 Epinephelus fulvus coney 1.0 1.0 1.7 0.3 - 0.3 0.72 Epinephelus guttatus red hind - 1.7 1.0 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.78 Epinephelus striatus Nassau grouper 0.5 0.3 - - - - 0.14 Mycteroperca venenosa yellowfin grouper - - - 1.7 0.7 - 0.39 Appendix X continued. Relative abundance of fish observed in Roving Diver Surveys, St. Thomas, 2005. Avg AI* Family Species Common Name SCP SCS WI GB RHB CSE All Sites Mycteroperca interstitialis yellowmouth grouper - - - 0.3 0.3 - 0.11 Mycteroperca tigris tiger grouper - - - 2.0 1.7 - 0.61 Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass 1.0 - - - 0.3 0.3 0.28 Serranus. tabacarius tobaccofish 0.5 - 1.3 - 0.3 - 0.36 Paranthias furcifer creole-fish - 2.7 - 3.3 1.7 1.7 1.56 Sparidae Calamus calamus saucereye porgy - 1.7 1.7 - - - 0.56 Sphyraenidae Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda 0.5 - 1.3 - 0.3 1.3 0.58 Synodontidae Synodus spp. lizardfish 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 Tetraodontidae Canthigaster rostrata sharpnose puffer 2.0 1.0 1.5 - 0.3 - 0.81 Diodon hystix porcupinefish 0.5 - - - - - 0.08 No. of Replicate Surveys 3 3 3 3 3 3 18 Total No. Species 69 63 45 51 51 50 95 Average Abundance Index (AI) was calculated as the mean score from 3 replicate surveys using the following scale: 0=no fish, 1=1 fish, 2=2-10 fish 3 =11-100 fish, 4=101-1000 fish, 5=1001+ fish.