HISTORIC STRUCTURES REPORT



PART I



STEEPLE BUILDING ST. CROIX

CHRl?Tl.'V·lrTr:-D ~!:\Tl()f--!AL Hl"TO'"'I~ 
SP°t 
Llw. i~t.t". !'tu, 0~ 8 
f) - ))'PS 
~



r



When the "Mieterionl Data” dection of Pert I of the Mioteric

Structures Report on the Steeple oudlding, Christianeteds St. Croix,

wes prepared ani submitted in Merch 2080, the author had not bad an

eypartintty to ouareh the collection af Danish Veet Indtew records

on depeckt in the United States National Archives, A weasth of thene

records wa subsequently mvie in Septesder 1069, however, and, aa

predioted, they wre found to contain a aignificent emount of mteriel

about the Steeple cullding and the other buildings incluied in the

Virgia Islands National Mstoric Site, particularly for the ported

after 1850 and up to 1027.



This vepart, then, contains and presente new material about the

Steople Sullding for the period from 1850 to 1927. In addition, teats

of vevistons or additions to the aviginal text. a



Tt ghould algo be pointed out that © further search was mde hy

the author in August 1000 in the Danish % ations Archives (igsarkiy?

fue a phan dream of the Steeple nutlding tm 2970 ty voter ty Gilatins’

The search proved fruitless, hovever, and there ig now little chance

that Oxholn's or any other plan of the building ean be found prior to

the setual restoration of the vulldings

By a

Remade Dine 8. Change dato from “1749" to "1749,"



Sage So Aine U0 b 3. Change word from “dedicated” te “eonsserated,”



‘Change wording to read:



“From about 1835 te 2641, the Steeple *iliding we used as a

milding materials vorehouse, ani the goverment maintained the steeple

and elodk.”



Pea Be Line B, Change wording from “a civic hall, from 1925 to 1939" *

to rend “a town hell and private apartments fram 1926 to 1932,"



Supplementary infermation as |



t

tm the spring of 1755 Governor Moth framd a keystone among the



ruine of the former french church which bore the initials M ani the



dates 1686 ani 1686, which Noth ossumed te be the dates of the con



struction of the ehureh.*

Governay Moth suggested toe the company directars that the former



French church be rehanilitated and used as a Lutheran churoh, Moth r |



algo reported that the Dutch Sefermed congregation would readily



purshase the grounis and ruing in their existing condition for 1,000



tigadelers or nore.”

. Beth's prapasal to cenvert the farmer French church into a



Lutheran church vee approved by the company directors, and by mide

. August 1796 1t ws umer rehevilitetion ty an English emigrant vhe

| hed contracted to lay e shingled reef on the strugture, erect a spire,

and wake other repmire to the vuilding for the sun of 400 rigaialers,®

Governcy Moth and the ivy Comeil of St, Thome asked the company

” dhgestane (0 wend Gah 1000 Cita fer Cen thew oat 6 patating tus ten

’ | altar, Significantly, the church wac reported to be 20 feet wide

inside and to have a flooretoncetling height of 14 to 16 foot.”



The church was apparently completed at the beginning of 17387,

but the building had « very short lige as a Lutheran church becamuee

it wae plow down ani destroyed wy the hurricane of August 20090, 1739,



A@ @ remUlt, 4¢ became necessary for the Lutheran congregation te worship

“(| in the fort for shout « decade and afterverd in an old werehouse fron

‘shout 2740 until the Gtecple culdding ves completed in tay 1709.



| .

| Lome. Ds Aine ig “Change Sate from "17468" to “1740,"

'



Pastor Stout may well have originated the idea of raieing sub

scriptions from the townspeople for the construction of a ehureh, but

Governor Jens Nansen was apparently the one who bronehed the idea to

the Privy Counedl of St, Croix in June 1747. The counsel) apyroved the



Zz incites aioe

propesnl and aleo voted te earmwrk a ahere ef the many fines levied



hy the goverment for violations of laws for the construction of the



_ >



churahs .



The gum raiaed hy sukseriptions alone amounted to 4,000 rigsdalers

hy September 2748.29 wre figure given in Footnote Ho, O» ps 77, for

the enount raieed by December 91, 2752, ie obviously besed on an ine

eomplote listing of contriiutionsa, therefore, and should be discounted.

The total amount raised fer the construction of the church by gube

scription omit fines in not mown, but perhaps it approximted the

9,000 rigedaler evaluntion placed on the elupeh in 1785e



Rate De monica 24 pnd Boao Nos DL SneID, Tho ponsihdlity that

Sqhopen designed the clureh is strengthened by the prontoe mede by the

Governor and Privy Coune$ of St, Croix to the company directors in

Sephombor 1746 to gutmit a plan of the proposed chureh "ig Mr, Schopon

Could be provadited upon to propane at,



ote Ii, dines 346 Ji, Change the word "dedicated" to “oonsocrated™

and “dedication” to “consecration,”



of the chuveh account book for the period from 1769 te 1780 aheda now

Light on the physical history of the building wring that era ag follows



eae

The flooy of the church was relaid in 17714 two yoors Jeter ty



wy ao wooden ploket fence in 27745 ant the roof of the church ms



conphotely rechingled in 1770 uy Carpenter Hy Jonson for 200 riges

daiors, exiuaive of the cost of materiale.” |

The tiem of Doghe & llextersen were paid 27 rigedalers in ,

Novener 1777 for “ooking a Sash for the Danish Church at the Window

of the Genera? Sent,” and Sogle alone was potd 204 rigedalers in

Deeonbar 1778 for “unking 11 pr, Sashes" for the curoh”? Taken

together, these two bills indicate that the church hed 12 rather



tun 10 wintows,



erected in 27% vas a weden pteket fence. 4



Jase 38, examin Supplementary date as follows:



Ao & romult of on anmind inepeation of the building, At ves

yooomended in 1820 thet twe additions. tuttresges containing 2 total

of 275 uquare foot of sagonry should be erected against the oast ond

wall of the clmyoh because 46 one again in pect conditions”? novever,



out oy nots

for the starage of Wuliding materiale belonging to the goverment fran



canoe date « « sand onting "ss » moved out there prior to 257%"



Pome Age With ono exeeption, the facts presented on this page are



correct, However, the records uncovered in the U, 8. National Archives



add greatly to our knowledge of the ported from 1890 to 1009, and

this page should therefore »e expanded as follows ate



rhe tahery ent stoople vere valved at $2,900 Dontsh Wert tndtan

curvendy in 186202° In that yoor the opening on the exot side in

the vindews in the towsr were closed up; the trick floors in the

hakeny wore yelnids ali windows, doors, onl shatters wore repaired

and the steeple were painted and Aimevehed inuide and outs?” tm the

fall of 109%, the old wooden bridge aarens the gutter at the entrance

geste to the takiy yard vas replaced by brick sncomy ‘idee, and

the two pillars of the gote ware ropatred,”® ,



sneidh eoelilk ta atti a tine i, oo a

oping of 1969 tht the oven yas relocated in the yarde""corpentor

J» G, Seyer erected « auall wooden wiiding measuring about 22) feot

by 12 fect on the northern end of the woodshed which had been ‘ult



on the wost side of the bakery yard in 1i¢l+42, A twick oven va@ wallt



at the sorth ond of the now building, and the old even we torn dow |

uned ag a werghouse for the storage of flour anid other eupplics, This



conversion involved certain miner repairs and alterations in the forner



nekery, including paving the area were the even had stood with lwiek,

building, and making three new vindowss Carpenter teyer also raiaed

the height of and embedded glass atop the wall eround the vekery end

var@house in 183 et a cout of $45.86, exclusive of mntorials,”°



The ‘wiek floor in the east ond room of the warehouse ms torn

up and replaced with a woeten fleor in 1887,"



The existence of cenumental vases atop the soound tier of the

gteeple is confirmed in Decentor 1860 by the request for and approved

_ Of the making of "a cet of new pedestals for the vases standing on

the masonry edge of the steeple."



nepaird for the next decade and @ half vere routine and minor,

However, in May 1877 the apive atop the steeple fell down, As ®

reoult, © gonoral rehabilitation of the cupola wee undertaken, |



ineluding vepaiy of two of the arehds supporting the cupole, reshing-

Ring Of the capetn, and resetting of the apives’ Later in the aune



6

yoox & eeetion of the will beteueen the onkery yard and the yard of



No» 26 Hoaphtal Street fell down and had te be vebuilt.4

The bakery, «arehouse, steeple, ani yard were valued at $2,000

Demieh Veet Inifan currency on January 1, 1080, o decline of $200

tn the value placed on the property oune 90 youre exrtten:® :

The eve from 1880 to 1000 wee characterized by little more than

cane of August 9, 1990, aml 1¢ had to be recoverads



Converaion of the tullding into @ Suniay school ani tow hall

apperentiy brought about the removal of the cehary building from the

yord, sc well as the omall uveetion of woolen fence from the north end

of the bakery to the south wall of the Gunday schon,”



Beteneive repairs ware made te the steeple in 1011, but the bills

ave not specific enough to determine the oxet mature of the repairas”?

The Steeple wadlding ws valued at From, 19,000 or $3,000 Us 5.

currency on Jammry 2, 1922, and we te retain thig evaluation for

the remaiivier of the Denish erae2® The Jot on waieh the wadding |



toad vas valued at Frea, 800 or aout 0152 U,a, currency,”



“ware™ to “wae,”



i

"an 1020," .



"From 1025 to about 1929, the Steeple Mullding we apparently

vacant or wis used only cocasienally for civic mectings, Yumis vere

male avadlable in 1926 to convert the bullding inte a high sehool,

of Christinnsted claimed that the intilding vas not goverment but

church property .2



“Pow o five individuals or families vere somehow permitted to

Live in the vudlding fram about 1099 te Juno 2, 2082492 the iudiding

apparently stood ynoant and umiod thon until 1% ws rebabdiitated

in 1992 for use as a grade schools”? other repairs vere made to the

oteople and the wutldings Am the yard in 2099 at a coat of $75004,

inoluding painting end Limowishing."*9



dhe Seneentatben we thane ate. peane 8 tevin ond eaaeinn

coneerning the nunver ond logation of dows ani winiows set in the

church walle is net materially altered by the discovery thet the

faote amd contlusions presemted on these pages pointed direetiy te

this posaibilitye



_ Msi ea tee, eal

a oe a



is as fellowes

The firm of Sogle and Sewiersen vere poid 27 rigadelera in



Window of the Gonoval Seat,” ond ‘ogle alone ves paid 266 rigedalers

in December 1778 for “wakeing 12 prs Sashes,”



‘The eagh made in 1777 we cetusliy o poly of sogh, ac Gan

goon by comparing the price paid in 1777%027 rigudalere—wwith the

price paid for « pair of snah in 17704 rigatalerds



Thore vould have been ne reason or need to replace the pair of —

ongh made in 1777 just o your later, and therefore there must have

near 12 not 10 windows in the clwoh fram the time of ite constructions



These two addition.’ windows mugt have been lecuted in the south

WALL of the building. Documentary and existing puyates’ evidence re=

voul that there wire cix «indows in the north vali and two windows

in tho woot end wall, On the basis of the latter evidence ant the



: obvious attention peid to eyemotry in the construction of the clurchy



4% ie agoumed thet there vere also two wimtows in the east emi wall

and thet the remaining two wiextows vere in the south wall,



Agtunl placement @f the windows in the south will suet be cone

jeetural, since documentary evidence is Limitod amt ne phycies] evidence

rencing, lovever, at ig known thet there vere no windows in the



center section of thie will behind the alter and thet there vere

tuo doors in this wall, one on olthor aide of the altar, These



tvo windows and two doare were probably located in the south wld

in & symmetrical arrangement with each other and with the vindews

opposite in the narth wall of the ehuehs



Bnee Bas pened. Add following!



The exiatense of window shutters ig definitely confirmed by the

payment of 20 rignialers to Thoma Dagle in Decombor 1778 for “27

Fenders foe the Vindow Ghuttere ani fastening the Hinges,



Pate His Dia Change date from “1708" to “1776" aml end sentence

there,  eyin new sentence ag followat “*ANecgunte in 1706 would seem



to inddente » » o”



Sasa 2s Aine UL Ae Add © new senteonse between these two linea

oa follows:

the twiek floor in the enet end voc (“oakery") was torn up



and replaced by @ wooden floor in 2007,"



feme aha Add new poragraph at end of gubeasetion entitled “Hoof”



as follows:

"Phe veought iron epive fel down in 1677 ond had to be put



tock up, after vileh the cupola vas woshingleds”? The cupola ves

veshingled ogain after the hurricane of Gateber 9, 1026, and in

1984,"



« oo” by edadng after the word “up” the eleuse “and the arched opene



the gollowing? , :

“Ne ornmments ere vigible on the steeple in ony of the 20th

contury dLiustrations which show the vullding, Mowver, as ot presents

vans atood atop the second tier of the steeple prior to 1859 because

tn poomubar of that your “a now sot of pedestals” me made for an

unepecifiled number of vases on the steeple,"@



Been 47a Mine Ma Altor sentence to read aa follouss

“A now elook was purchased ond installed in 1920,"



Ret Oe Mines to te donduainas, Change sentonse to read!

%; wooden fence vas erected exound the ohurchyard in 1774 on



eudors of Governor Goneval Peter Clausen,

"The wall around the yard wee raised in 1963 amt glass ws



emvadded atop the will to keep vandals out.®9 Asvout tventysfive

yours later a section of the vall betusen the bakery yard and the

yand Of Ne, 28 Hoopttal Strout fold dom and had to be roiutit.i



garatitabes ,



“( qmnd2 ghingled building wee edded to the narth end of the

woodshed in 2859 to house a new oven onl the old oven was removed

from the forwer clureh suilding.®® the oven and woodshed vere torn

down in 1000, ond the stable against the east yard wll we reneved in



" Ronknote 290 shouda We deleted ass remult of the above ehenate ”



hi a RET bis The veference to 4 walk in the yord in

tho niaitery vekory oa te inoursect due to & typagrashical arrep tn

the report referred to ani should be omitted. cho crtgiued reference

wae te “walla” not “wallets” |



a



Boge 06, Figure de Solote first paragraph of text and substitutes :

tite plan of the horbar out town of Chrtetiansted sus dram

ny Laqutonant Peter Lerontmen Stivent around Teteuery 2795,"4



a3

Delete firet sentence of second paragraph and substitute:

"Stiholt's ghetch shows an corthwork umer construction by the

Danes at “A”, on the site of an ourlier french earthwork, and the ruins |



of  foymer Yeonch chuweh at “C","



delete vord “remins” in next sentence and substitute the ward

“pointes

J Alter caption of illustration to romd as follows:



“Pigs Ls om Shartch of Ste Crotx’ tiarbor vy Lieutenant Peter be

Rtivolt. 1798, Fran the original in the Riguarkivet, Copenhagen, |

Denmntthe"



Rome B2, Rime Ba Dolete tho fivet paragraph and gubetitute the —



following:

wrhie watercolor ahoteh of Christionsted we aleo dram ty A



Lioutanant Stivolt about Folruary 1735 to ahow the Directors of the



penigh ent Yeot tntta end Guinn Company the extent of the development ‘



of Chriatianated from ite boginning in September 1794,"*7 |

Change the detes given in the caption from "a, 1796697" to



“1738,” and attribute the shketeh to Peter L, Stibolt.



Damn 00, Kigute de Change the date "2759" in the third Line of the il

tiret parceraph and also in the eaption to "2702," ;

daga.i4, Ficus Bf, Change the first sentence to reed as follows:



“This plan of the wherf ares of Christiansted ves drawn ty

Pater L, Oxholm in conneetion with , . .*?



Add Onhole'’s nwa to caption,



Suede Eien Alter the phease “around 1850" in line 2 to



read “between 1848 and 1652," and change date in Line 2 of the caption

from “e, 1850" to "e, 1848091,"50



oad Diet. Change second paragraph to read as follevat

"Tho "Rayad Salkery" fe the group of buildings marked "oe", con»

stating of: (1) the storehouse leeated in the renovated section of

the former church engt of the steeples (2) a stable against the east

bounlary wall of the yards and (3) a woodahed and bakery on the vest

side of the yord opposite the stante,"®2

Chonge date in enption from "1865" to "1866,"



Same. Ad, Bie U8, 2Delote the words “the military tekery" in line 6

ami substitute the words “sa wurehouse,"



"Chango date in caption from "1866" to “e, 1860087,""9



Jame M4, Dhue 32. Correct date given in caption to read “eo, 1606"

inatend of "ec, 1960,"%4

The List of Llustrations at the beginning of the report should



o@ Goprected to roflect ony alterations mace above in captions.

Iniganriivet (danish titienal Archives), Veetindishguinotok

Kempagnds Sekretprotoko), fra St, Croix (174869), Rxtract of Jonunry 23,

1749, Hereinafter the Rignwrkivet will be efted as RA, the test nding

” Guinon Company as Vuk, ami the protege of the Privy Council of St.

Croix ag GP,



RA, Veotindishepuineioke Mentesag Generalteldkamer = yonings

inspektdeens og Landmaniorene Arkiv fra St. Croius Proteke] for

gernisonshwantvacrkerne in Christlansted (193640), rmgsim.e ‘ereine

} after the “ent iudia-Guines exchequer emi General Customs Office will

be cited os Vg@itK, the archives of the Suliding Inspects ani Surveyor

of St, Croix as MA, and the proteool of the Christionsted garrison’s

Greftamen og iil,



Singted States National Archives, Reserde Group 65 Meecrds of

the former Danish vest Indies and the American Virgin Islands) «

Offiee of the Deapatehing decretaery(1917=31): Genaral Correspondence

Filo NedeQ (vuvliec Milldinga), Jesepatehing Secretary Denld to or .Charles

MeGregey, Potruary 2, 1931, “ereinafter the J, S$. National Archives

will be efted ag MA and Reeords Group 56 og HOGG,



42a Veit: weve og dokumenter imtkomme ¢11 direktionen fra StsCroix

(2738096), Moth te Directors, March 16, 1733, Hereinafter the ine

coming correspendence to the directora from St, Croix will be cited

58 BD,



"Lalas



Sipide, “oth ant Privy Couneil, St. Thame, to Direetora,

August 17, 1736,



"Lode



SA, Veit aD (797608), Moth and Peitvy Couneil, St. Theme, to

Directara, Setoveg] 6, 1738.



SA, VeksSP(1747), Butwact of June 22, 1747,



ipa, Vek: 00D(2748), Governor and Privy Council, St, Croix, to

Directora, September <4, 1748,

fi



suid.



Jann, 2d6SRagnelaheces for den dangke Kirke 4 Christiansted

(1760080), gagaim. “ereinafter this church account beck will be

cited og Diith,



The church account book for the peried from my 22, 1753,

to September 18, 1760, bao still act teen fouwsl in any of the archiver.



Wiudde, Me Pata) £, ami 23¢d),



Mipids, pe 40¢b)



Mra, VeRtKenLA: Gleriveleer ti] oygningsinapektoraterne 4

Cherlationsted og Prederiietod(1t2$<20), Inapeetion feport of

Fotruary 27, 1820, “ereimter the incoming correspomiente to the

miiding Inepoeter will se cited as S22,



IGA, RGBSOLfiee of the Mublding Incpector for st, Croixt

Ineaning Correepomtence(1890-1017), Major v, Felbe to Gevermment,

May 16, 1602, Nereimafter the Office of the cuilding Incpocter,

St, Croix, will be cited an of ond the Inecuing Correspondence to

thie official ap I,



M7 ipids, Falte’s Retinate of repaira neoded to the Military .

sakery and Steeple, Peiwunry 27, 1052; and dhide, Government to mild



1zpid., Gotover 10, 106%,



1Ppetaiis ave from iuide, Natimate for the Construgtion of a

new Oven and Alterations and Repairs of the Royal ‘elery, November 20, —

cries tae a ene ee



alin lididina a Ws tds 5 beaiilinn mati ta 18835

and Abide, Govermmont te ‘Suilding Inspector, March 23, 1853,



in translating this doeusent, Architect Prederik Gjeasing

apparently mietesd Yeyor'a estimate which ww for paiging ("'s + «

over ot forheie wonieuren . . .") the existing wall not for sullding

& BOW Ott,



2 ipgd,, ‘ullding Inspector Lauivig Scholierup's Retimate of

Repaive required to the aulldings of the Royal Oskery, April 23,

1057; and Ahgd., Government to Schollerup, April 20, 1057,



a7

*27pig., Acting wailding Inspector to Government, November 30,

Cn ne ee ee eee ee

iJ



*Byoag,, Schollerup to Presidency of 9t, Crodu, Apedl 95, 1877.

™4ypag., Johansen ts Prosidency of St, Croix, November 28, 1677.



88yA, RASS@OLSioe of the wmokkweper, St, Croix, Supplement to



26), aueteh plan of the Steeple Suilding and yard prier to the

hurricane of Osteber 0, 1016, does not show the bakery midlding in

the yard; com MA, RGGG~-0I: Keplheg af udgeaemie sitivelver (1919-16),

pogination illegible, The copybeols of the outgoing correspondence

of the tuilding inspector will be referred te ae KUS hereafter,



Tha property alec cances to be lated as “the militery »akery"

after September 1099 ani in Listed instead as the “mecting hall,"



37, RGDS=02s Voushers, Tinmeshects, ani Correspondence Relat-

ing to Publde Mudldings(1606~17), Vericus “lis and Veughers for

Repaira to the Steeple in 1911,



2a ROGHOT IKUS(191G618), pe 200.

2x, RGBSReOf tee of the Governar and Goverment Seoretary:

Correspondence File 7158/1016, Kilitgaard iielsen to Goverment, May 27,



501, ROSSOL Lies af the Deapatehing Secretary (191731 )1

= = - ~ — — —E



‘dds, iuald to Government Secretary, Jonuary 24, 10523 amd .

Abids, Swold to Charles MoGregar, February 2, 1932,



S2y, nasseotrice of Lt, Governor and Administrator for St.Croix

(1931640): Office File, Comdestoner of Public Yorks Jams C, Tilly

to Governor Lowrenge ¥, Cramer, July Ik, 103%,



33; nig., General Correspondence (1933), Weekly and Nonthly

Pregress Reporte of Federal Projecta (FP 166, Steople M“ilding).



Mun, RASS D(L700=00), pps 74(a) fo ond B9(d)»



SB xis, PPe 74(a) fy



30, AGSG~D1s TC(LHGOM2017), Government to cullding Inspector,

April 29, 1887, The floor consisted ef white pine planks laid on

piteh pine joists,



57 yp4ds, Gchollorup to Presidency of St, Croix, April 26, 1877.



38g, RASB@Il1 Office F4Ie(101%17), List of Repairs to State

®Midings as a rewult of the Hurricane of Cotober &, 1016,



3x, ROBGedEs 1C(195043037), Folve'’s Ustinnte of Ropaire required

to the Militery ‘wkery ond Steeple, Fesruary 27, 16525 and Abide,

Government to Suliding Inepector, Mareh 23, 1851. The wording of

Palbe's estimete would seem to imiieate that the openings a»vove the

windows were boarded up rather than msoned upe



$0;uig., Acting ‘wilding Inspector to Goverment, November 30,

18503 and Gevermmont to Acting ‘uikiing Inspector, December 3, 1880.

42,4, naSSeOf tie of the Governor ond Goverment Jecretary

(201749): File 7292, Je Ye Gan ta Governcr, December 20, 1920,



42ua, RGSSDIRD, pe 4905).



43y,, AGBG~Ts 1C(1NS041917), Carpenter J, G, Meyer to Govermment,

Margh 16, 1853; and Jhids, Government to ‘uilding Inspector, Merch 23,



“4nid,, Johansen to Presidency fit, Croix, Novembor 28, 1877.



“Sj p3g,, tetimete for the Construction of a new Oven and Alteras

tions and Repairs at the Royal ‘akery, November 29, 1653; and Lbdde,

Goverment to ullding Inspector, Peuruary 21, 1853,



4024, ,Vghe'tD (1796996), Moth to Directors, March 10, 1735; BA,

Veliwimeriiensk og Afrilansk Kopibog(1729<33), Directors to Moth,

July 90, 1738,



*"tytde



Seek sumitted » plan of Christiansted and a project for

Prederiketed to the Directers of the Danish West Indie-Guinea Company

on April 25, 2752; seo HA, Vok~UD(1762), Lotter to Directors of

April 25, 1782,



4a, Vgtths Sag Mr, 211 t42 Veotindiak Journal pro 1787,



SOmeparation af the Mistorte Structures Repert on Fort Chriss

tiansveern has vevealed that Melbye’s painting could not have becn



Slrectusd changes were made necsscary by the diacovery that the

oven had been moved out of the main budlding to a new building erected

in the yard in 3953,



52rne date of *s plan was not clear on the microfilm

copy originally consulted but has since been determined to se 1856

rather than 1865,

tructures Roport

have drawn

doubtful



|



SSinternal evidence derived from the

on Fort Christiansvoern imiicates that Seidelin

thie view of Christiansted later than 1087, but i

thet i¢ ws dvawn much earlicr then thate



=e

Eg

a



od



it ie promble that Viehy painted thie view of Christiansted



@@ carly as 1866, winee he arrived in St, Croix in Secember 1865,



a

BIULIORAPY



all these records already cited in the original report.)



Rigearkivet(Daniah Netienal Arehives), Copenhagen, Denmark



Amerikensk og Afrtkansk Kopibog: 172536,

Sekvotprotekal fra St. Croix: LMT, 1746—40,

United States Nations! Archiven, Vashington, 9.C.



Records Group 00 axe the records of the former Danish Wet

indies from 1796 to 1927 and of the Auerieon Virgin Telanda from

1917 te 1043,



| with, In thely present virtuslly unarvanged otete, it is dittieult

| Misted below (found during a one month search conducted in deptember

1060) shod sane Light on the history off the eteople iutlding during

the perded fram 2700 to 1780 when it eas still 2 clniveh and nove

extensive Light on the histery of the wallding from 1850 to 1027

and beyond when 4¢ sae used for secular purpones,

—



a



—E



—— =



Danigh West Indies: 1734<1917



Regnelaheboeg for den danske Kirke 4 Chrietianated: 176000,



Aa



Supplement to St. Croix Genoral Ledger, Jarmery 1, 1880,



}



ale Te



Copyhooks of Lettera Sent: 1655-60,1867=70, 1878-87(entriea



mivaing from June 1680 te Mey 1002), 1087-02, lsed9Liod,



1906<08; Press Copyhooks of Letters Sent, 1910613, 101G915,



191LG@17 5



4



Journal of Letters Received: i87G—1907,



intaalag Correspomiencet saventehrtonrsenguntenee for 1980, 1881,



1886@60, 1000~03 ia completely missing and is only portially



complete for 100410, 1012, and 1914,)



Offies Files 1915917,



Voughoye, Timogheets, and Correspemience Relating to fapenditures



mm Publde Sididinge: 160e<17,



ee



cudget Correaponience s 1870/74 Cincemplete), 1873/73( incomplete),



), 1084/85,



1880/00, 1801/02, 1694/08, 1900/01(inoeuplate), 1001/02(tneemplote),



1902/04, 1904/08(incomplete), 1006/06, 1906/07, 1007/08, 1903/09



1916/10, 1016/17, 1017/18,



Correspondence Pile No, 718 for 1016,



—



ob



itt a



ee



_— —e te i neem itn



——



eee



< ;

=



es



—



—_



=



os



is



14



nt)



e



Pe



sie



25m



a



4



nS



io



h



ee



by



\y



uf



Risieo of he. Sevornor ond, Gomuwmment, sogrotorys JOI Todas



bes,



.



id



a



i)



i



re



be



it



phe.



af



a



eg



+;



|



oa



|



el



af



red]



i



ae



a



he



iv



133)



uy



iS



ah



ae



ti



hi



~



"



fd



y



az



a



ei



“4



ah



e



“va



a



ied



ai



reg



ma



oe KATE



ane a Tee



ey



tm



dated ao



~_



aa



itt tba



ea



kine



——

C 
0 
p 
y 
~~~--·-
Memorandum 
Virgin Islands 
National 
Park 
Dox 1589 - St. Thomas, V. I. 
March 12, 1959 
To: 
Regional Director, 
Region One 
H-30 
From: 
Superintendent, 
Virgin Islands 
Hational 
Historic 
Site 
Subject: 
Historical 
Data, Section 6, Part I, Historical 
Structures 
Report, 
Steeple 
Building, 
Christiansted, 
st. 
Croix. 
Attached in quintuplicate 
is the above subject 
report 
prepared 
by Mr. Herbert Olsen. 
It should be pointed 
out that the report 
is not yet 
complete, 
since it lacks the illustrative 
materials 
listed 
on 
paV-eS V to VII of the report. 
However, these materials 
are 
bein~ processed 
and will be subnitted 
for insertion 
in the report 
as soon as possible. 
In the meantime, and for the ourpose of 
facilitating 
review of the report, 
it is suggested 
that 
reference 
be made to the HA.BS No. VI-1 drawinp.s prepared 
by Mr. Gjessing 
in 1957, as necessary. 
Mr. Olsan also wishes to call 
attention 
t~ tre fact that 
accepted 
historical 
practice 
has n0t been followed with respect 
to 
the olacement of f0otnotes 
becau8e t') do so would have delayed 
completi n of the iqrping of the manuscript. 
As expressed 
in our .teletype 
of March 5, it is hoped that 
review of this report 
and Mr. Gjessing's 
working drawinrs, 
which 
will be suhnitted 
shortly, 
can be completed by April 25, thus per-
mitting 
us t~ obliRate 
the funds available 
for restoration 
by 
June 30. 
In qui ntupli ca te 
Attachments 
Harold A. Hubler 
Superintendent

Corrections 
or Additions 
page 16: 
Line 4: add word 11later" 
after 
the word 11and11• 
Page 65: 
Line 18: add the word and numerals 
11in 183411 after 
the word disinterred 
Line 19: change the date 1834 to 1835 
Page 80: 
Footnote 41: add the following: 
See also infra, 
p. 65. 
Page 95: 
Footnote 314: add the following: 
A description 
of the reinterment 
on July 
4, 1835, is given in The St. Croix Avis, 
July 6, 1835, p.2.

Historie “aructures Aeport



STR LE BUILDING e

Port I Seation 6



Hietorical Leta



iy Herbert Glsen

Historian (Park Supervisory)



Virsin Islenie Butional Mictoric Jite

Ghrigtiamted, t+ Goix, Virsin lelends



-e ime



—— a on =



a Di Sl

• 
• • • • 
• 
• • 
••• 
••••• 
• • 
• 
• 
• 
••• 
• • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• 
• • • • • • • •••••• 
.. 
• • 
• • 
• • • • 
♦ • 
• 
• 
• 
' 
• 
• • • 
• 
• • 
• • • 
" . . 
• • • • 
• • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • 
• 
•• 
♦ ••••••• 
• • • • • • • • • • • 
• • 
• • • • • • 
,, 
• • 
• • 
• • • 
• • • • 
• • • • 
• • 
• 
• • • • 
••••• 
•••••• 
• • • 
• 
• 
V

• • • • • • • • 
• • • • 
• 
• 
• 
• • • • • • • 
• • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • • • • 
• • • 
• • • 
• • • 
• 
• • 
• • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• 
• 
• • 
• ♦ 
• • • • • • • 
• • 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• • • • • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • • 
• • 
• • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • ·• • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • ,, • • • • • • • • • 
• • 
• • • 
• • 
• • • • 
• • • • • • ll • • 
• • 
• 
• • ' • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • 
• 
• • 
• 
• • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • 
• • 
It • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • 
• • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • • 
• • 
• • • • 
• • 
• . • • • • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• •

• 
• 
• • • • 
• • 
• 
• • 
• 
.. • 
• • 
• • • • • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • • • • • • 
• • 
• • 
• 
• • • 
• • • • • • 
• • • • 
• • 
• 
• • • • • 
• • 
• • 
• • 
• • • 
• • • • • • • 
• 
• • 
• • "' • 
• • fl • • .. • • • 
.. • • • ... • • 
• • • 
• • • • • 
• • 
• 
• • 
• 
• 
• • 
• 
• • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • 
• • • 
•

• • • • • • • • • 
• 
• • • • • • • • • 
1 
• • • • • 
, t• 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• 
t, J l1 
• • • • •• • • • 1 1 
1. 
·1 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • lv 
Ci 
tl 
r L. 
1779 • • • • ,. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 3 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • 10$ 
11. 
, 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 
l • 
, 
• • • • • • • • • • l 7 
JJ. 
• 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • l

• 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
9 
• • • • • • • • 110 
16. 
• • • • • • • 
11. 
• • • • • • • • • • • •. 
• • • .1 2 
• 
• 
-
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 113 
~ r. 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ..Uh 
2 • 
• • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • •. 
• •• 
• .116 
•••• 
• •• -.. •. 17 
• • • • .u 
. 
• 
2 • 
• •••• 
1· 
• 
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • 
• • • • • • • 1

j 
p 
• 
• 10 • 
• • • • 
• • 
1 
I. 
• • 
:, 
• 
• • • l 
l •

POHIRIOND



The Steeple Dullding, located in Chrictiamted, Ot. Croix, United

States Virgin Islende, was originaliy built betwooen 1790 and 1793 as

the tunieh Lutheran "Church of the Lord of Sebsoths” Although it eoused

te be used an a church after 1651 and we subsequently altered or modi-

fied for cther uceg, @ larce pert of the oldest former Lutheran church

budlding in the Groin Islands still stends intect,



This repart, then, is @ attempt te reconstruct & picture of the

churoh ac it appeared from 1790 to 1651 end to determine what alterat-

ions or modifications were mde in the structure thereafter. It is based

primarily on research in manusoript materiale found in the Danish Hat~-

ional archives, Copenhagen, Domerk, aud in the Latheoran Parson ©,

Christiensted, Ste Croix.



421 documutary sources have nob been exhausted, inasmuch as the

writer was not able to consult the records of the formr Dunich Nest

Indies on devoskt in the United States Watimal arehives, Wile the



findings of this report esanct be considered wholly complete, therefore,

it oes provide @ subetential smoust of information about the buliding

wiioh should prove uweful in iteels and ae a rudde to further counmen

tary research aml physical investigation of the swusture,

LOCATION al BAIEY DE CAIPTION



steeeta, facing Compeny Street, in the tom of christionsted, whieh

iies on the north-central shore of the American Virgin Island of

Ste Croix.



Tt ie @ one-story, meomy otructure covered with « corrugated

sheet~metel roofs A ‘ouretiered tower or steeple is a.tached to the

bedy of the building on ite morth or Caompexy Streot side.



The body of the building measures 66 fect 2 inchos in length

by 26 foot 5 inches in width amt lies essentially in an east-west

dreovtion fooling Comany Strect. The stele measures 17 fect 8 in-

ches by 1; feet 10 dumhes at ite base and ds 77 fect high, including

an 9 foot wought iron spire and weather vanes



Bxeept for the wall facing the yord on the south, whieh de only

19 inohes thick, the renaining walle of the body of the building

are 27 inches in widths they vary in height fram approximately 15

to 18 fect emi are constructed of rubble limestone and are plastered

and gtaccoode



the two lowest thers of the eteophe are conrtructed of bricks

She third tler is an octesomieshaped wooden drum covered with verti-

ea, siding ond horizontal shingles and han a roof covered with copper

sheets. ‘the fourth ther io a pavilion having olght wooden colume

supporting a cupola covered with wooden shingles and tepped with a

wousht iren spire ami weather vene.

fo tp south of the building is located a yard measuring



approximetely 64 feet in depth by 95 foot in width scrose ite southern



exivenity. It is enlesed by a brick and rubble masoury wall. Along



tho wost amd south walle of the yard are loosted @ onewstery, wooden



building erected as @ clinie in 1917 ond « concrete letrine aided in



19)35— ‘wo cisterns we attached te the south will of the building at



ite eastern axd,



=



SE

GOBSTRUCTIONAL /RATURES



Main Structure



Foundations and “alls



Accounts covering the construction of the Steeple Building

give no information comeerming foumdetions or fv. otings and very

little informtio concerning the walls of the structure. However,

it ic know that the walle were com tructed ef local limestone set

in lime morter ond thet @or and window openings wre probably lined

with brick.” the exterior was plastered? and 4% is ascumed that the

interior was aleo.?



As for dimensiona, the building is desorbed in 175 es being



75 feet long by 26 feet wice, Denich measure, or 77 fect 3 inches



by 26 feet 9 inches, mricen measure. _



Dimensions given in 16llei2, at the time oi the building's con-

version to @ wilitery bakery end etorchouse, indicate that the build.

ing was 77 feet Leng ond 50 feeb whdec” mewevers 6 we ot this tine

that the eact end wall was torn down amd rebuilt about 11 fect further

east where the wall surrounding the church and yard stood. This new

@ast end wall we to be constructed to a length of 50 feet, as was

the new west. wali of the bakery. ‘The footings of the new south and

weet walls of the cekery were to \e cometructed of limestone and



were to have an average depth of 5 feet ad a width of @ feet. The

wells thenselves wore also to be constructed of limestone and were to be

14 feet thick and 12 feet high. ‘the old wall fecing north toward

Company Street was to be evened up et a height of 12 fost.



, ‘a for the old walle woot of the stewple which wore to ve used

for the storehou.e, both the wll fueing north tomrd company Street

and thet facing west towerd Church “trect wore to be evened up at a

height of iz fect, too. ligwever, the West wall was to be shortemd

to © length of only 16 fect. mo section of the south’ wll west of

the steeple was not rebuilt until the restoration of 1909.



Roof



‘erly construction accourts indleate that the roof was framed

end shingled between July ami the end of October 1751. Although the

accounts are not spesifie enough to identify the quantity and axuct

type of mteriale used, it is probable that the froming vee construct~

od of pitch pine beans covered with white pine sheathing, whdle the

shingles were sosdalled “Becton” or cedar chingles.4



Ho informution de uvadleble as to the original height and pitch

ef the roof, or whether 1% come dow behind the wails, as indicated

in von Rehr's crewing of Chrictdancted.



In 1794, dunes Collett shingled 52 squares, nailed new boards

An the roof, and also put up “new live Boords all Round” for which he

charged the church 355 pieces of eight.©9 Be aiso mde a “Dormnt

bank of the Steeple” sor 200 pieces of eight.



Gutters are muntdoned in 1795, whem 9G pounls of lead and at

Least 150 feat of bouria ware purchased for thie purposes” gopperantth

Corte also made four copper pipes, which wore probably downepoute.®?



aly

e~ 
If) rtrf 
1 Jdr_rid,l ,J 
f'redr 
..,_> \ 
'(' ,Hi~ 
15cv~_rJor, .d 
"'r rrr-.o h 
, 
some reshinglingrin 
t 
•

the only drawing showing the miu body of the structure prior

to tho major chances of 18llel2 which can be considered to be fairly

reldeble is von Rohr's drawing of Christiansted of about 1765.7



Thia drowing shows three window openings in the north wall toward Com

pany Street and one in the east end wll toward Hospital Street.



No storm shutters are indiested in the openings, despite the fact

that they wore in use at the time, as chown on some of the other build-

ings in the drawings



As for documentary evidence, construction accounte indicate

only thet Peder Seebesen received several payments Lute in 1752 for

work on doors ond windowse!



Am ecteapt to determine the number of doors und windows from the

ageounte for herdwure purchased for the church in 1751-95 has proved

Gicfioult ond not too enlightening.



Purchase of two pair of lerge door hingse and four pair of smlier

onen dar Merch ond April 1792 would seem to indicate thet there vere

ouly to doors to the building, if the iclend norm of three pair of

hicweu per door is ascopted.!4 However, the purchase of four large

door locks in sugust ond september 1792, 79 would indhoate that '

either there were four doors, unless two locke were mounted on exch

ascounte for hardmwe, einve they specify only the purchase of "2 pair

email window hinges” ond "2000 nails for window hinges” 4n Mareh 1792. "7

1



Sixteen bur Lode ware parchesed in dune 2790)"" end widte they must



have been wed on door and window shutters, the mumber for cach camot

be divectly determined, ‘the twenty-four hooks, eash one foot long,

purchased on Mey 29650, 1795," may have been used te hold windows or

window shutters open, in which gaee there would hove been twelve windows

on the besie of tw hoscke per window,



Tt de not until 1706 thet more detailed information ie available

comerning the maiber of doors te the clurch., On August 16 ami Goto~

ber 6, ‘thomas Grey received payments Of W600 end 75.0.0 Rdls., row

pestively, for msary alterations to the "2 main doors,” ‘the wrk

mast have been substantial beceuce Grey kept tw nogro masons at work



 @@ the alterations far ot leewt wolve days. ‘Thoma bogle supplied



"5 new doore” for the church ab © Gost of 100036<0 Ade.” unravere

purchased et the sam time contirms the fact that there were theese

doors



The acovunts for the sajor rehetilitetion of the ouch in the

period 1795-96 show that the old frame of three dort ond ten windows |



A b2i2 ‘or Leying tile im the flcor of the church in 1600 indi- {

cates that there me a door next to the alter.“ Sinee the alter |

met heave been located arainet the south wall of the church facing |



’ a: the main extreme through tho eteople at de time®? ingy wor we

lccated either cast or wost of the altar in the south wall end provie

Ged aseens to the church from Ue yord.

While there may have boon aucther deor in thie wall, it de prebeble

thet this ie the some door 4m the south wall for which 4¢ was proposed

that a jalousde door be provided an 1623,"



Barlier, in 1809,4% wos proposed thet the “nerthern eutrance

be closed with tsttooworks and a doors"? the catrume referred fo

mast have been the main extromse te the clurch fren the steqples



Severs] estimtes for painting the exterior wodwerk of the

oburch in 1821 cmd 1625 specify that the ehuroh had ‘ive and six

doors, respectively.” tower, there is mo iudioation in the accounts

between 102] to 1025 thet another door was added to the churche The

presence of five doors can be explained by edcing the two exterior

doors on the east ond woot sides of the first tier of the steeple to

the three old doors cited in the wocounte of 179i.



the some estimatos for painting of exterior wodwark in 162)

end 1825 liet sixteen windows in the building. If the one window in

the firet tier ami the three in the second tier of the steeple are

added to the ten knows old windows of 279i, the total mmber ‘of wine

dows falle twe short of the mmber given in the estimaten for paint-

ing. There are only two possible explanations for thie discrepansyt

either there wore sotually twilve windows in the church in 179l,

even though omy ten window frames were replaced, or tw more wine

dows were out in the church during the major rehubilitetion of

1616-19. Hower, the accounte of 1018-19 are incomplete ani throw



no light on the question.

in summation, 4¢ would appar that at least as carly as 1786

the cards bad three entrennen. Of theee, cue was centered in the

north wall om the Goupany Sqrect side, had the lowest tdor of the

steople as a foyer, and wee the main extreme to the church. The se-

cond door was loosted in the south wall, either to the oust or west

of the alter, od provided entry from the yard. The location of the

third door 4s problematical end cannot be determined from dooumentary

@videms@ Glone. However, it ie probable thet it was located in the

eouth wali in @ symmetrical arrangement with the door known to heave

een located dn thie wall to one side af the altars



The location of windows is even more dificult te fixe If the

ploterial evidence conteined in von Rohr's drawing is accepted end

it is assumed thet there were only ton window end thedr arran:.cnomt

was syunetrical, then there would have been three windows on each

side of the min avtrame in the north wall facing Company Street,

one window each in the eact and weet end walls, oni two windows in

i the south wall toward the yards



Om the other hand, if von Rohrte drawing ie not wholly correct,

there are a mmber of other possible combinatduns for the lovation of

windows. ‘This would also be true if instesd of ten thore were twelve

windows im the body of the church prior to 1022.



Tt de cloer thet the south wil had insufficient openings, however,

for in 1027 4¢ wae sugrested thet wo new windows be out "in the

south wall behind the alter in order to obtedn greater coolness.”

+e



This refereme alw mkes it clew that there were no winders in the

south wall direetly behind the altar while the buflding was a church,

sinoe the proposal was never carried out orior t 1831.



Totel destruction and rebuilding of the east end and south walls

of the building fin 18iel2 destroyed any physical evidence which they

night have yielded concerning the mmber nid location of doors and

windows in these walls. ‘his 4s aleo partially true for the west ond

Wall, since it was reduced te a length of sboub 16 fect at the sume

time.”



Treataeut of the vows ani doors in the north wall after 1633

is  cbscures Tt is quite poscitte that all opentogs in thie

wil acieh ib sis athe tautomer ha eo there

are several references to the cutting of openings in the north wall

Satan Ceepiay Stree Ser wats Si wtttary Watery tes ite a

a Gne of these winiows gould be the eastermost window in the

north wall~e thet is, in the extended sostion of tho wll. ‘the other

Window, however, had to be located somewhere in the original portion

of the north will to the east of the steople. there is no further

evidence aveileble comerniug the number of windows end doore fran

that period to the present.



types

Dosesem Te is aissieult to be epeoitie shout the type af door or doors



the church had upon its completion in 179. However , they must have been



soidd storm doors or shutters, in view of the size of the hinces

vadoh ware purchased for than, te reference is made t& interior doors.



eee Seraltoes



|

The accounte for the alterations to the doors in 1766, at which

tame Thomas Sogle supplied three new doors, are not much more on-



lightening. However, some of the «<hite pine planks ani beards Bogle



bought in duly and September of that yeor must have been for the coors.



Put the heavy hardware repeired or purchased et this time, including

hinges and hooks, com only moun thet each door wie equipped with «

pais of solid storm shatters. 7



in 1795» wo learn for the first tim that the doors were defini-

tely equipped with shutters, vhich were newly mde ot that time by

demon collett,9?



Ag previously pointed out, “the northern entrance” was closed

with "2 deore with pomel & reils" ond “a jelousie window" thereover

in dume 1809 by Bastien francis.) the deors were supplied with three

pair of hinges oni three long hooks and were made from white pine



boards total coct, including mteriels, painting, ond workmanship ves



130 pieces of eight. hile it ie not qiite clear whet ds meant

by the “northern extronse,” it is probeble that the refereme is

to the main entrance to the churoh located inside the steople.”4



Im 1625, it was propoved to provide the min entrame fran

the south with a jealousie doar. The proposal specifics that the

jolousie dor is to be 8 foot high by 9 fect wide ami it to have

an arch vith o fixed jalouste thereovar.”? However, as for ue 4s

imown, this preposel was never carried out.



Vinnie ~< ‘hother the church was originally equipped with Storm



52

slutters, interior windows, or both is not definitely know,



Storm chuttere would econ most likely, since the doors wore

appayently equipped with thas and the severity of hurricsnes was

already knows te the colonists from the hurricanes of 1712 ond 1748.

some of the sixteen bar locks bought in dune-duly 2752 muct have

beon for window shutters, as were perhaps the two dozen, one foot

long hooks purchased in April 17535. ‘Two pair of small window hinges

and 1000 naile for window hinges were purchased in March 1752,

but this intvormeticn is uot too helpful in clerifying the situation

Glese windowe would seem te be ruled out, if the abrence of any bille

for glass or glasing in the construction accounts of 1791-93 is to



be vollevede



‘the first conclusive evidence that the church had interior wine

dows occurs in 1762 when Thomas Bogle pute a "Square Glace in the

Kirk windows."”~



further billie for glasiug of the church windows occur from time

to time thereafter. And froma bill eubmitted by John Learmohd on

Mardh 7, 2015, 4t 46 finally learned that there were two differeut

window sizes, one requiring glass 12 by 10 inches and the other 11 1/6

wy 20 inches. 7? che windows must have been casement windows because

in Koy 1709 Andrew Monro eupphied "ly large heoks for hanging window

to the wall of the church?s?° ona it would appour that the lpinch

i hinees repeired in August-September 1795 were probably for the



windows. >?

as for shutters, domes Collett mde new ones for the window: |

in 1795, and they are repaired at vuriuus times thereafter,”



Herdware ami Ite Poried

Heore

Hinges and Thumbe.— ‘The first doore of the church were equipped with

ermumented hinges, as indleated by the ourchaso om March 87, 1792,

of "2 pedy larre door hinges with figures” weighing 54 poundes*™* ana

the purchase on April 1asLs, 1792, of "4 pair door hinges ith figures

ond Jad cote of wails” weighing 62 pounds." as indicated ty the

aifference in weight, the latter were cmaller than the former. Ef it

is as weed thet a double door we bung on tlewo coir of hinges, the

norm in the islends, then the center hinges were probably larger than

those at the top end bettiom Although unspecified, it iw assumed

that these hinges were of the sume type still in common usage today

«xd were hung on large “thumbs* (pintles) wich were set in the wall

or driven into the éorfrane.



" Tn 1706, when mecnry alterations wore mde te the “tw main doors”

end three new dors were supplied, eleven of the old hinges were re=

paired ami rotained, while seven new ones, welghing about 6} pounds

og, were mdo,"5



The acooumte fur the mjor reparaidone and construction of

1793-96 «ive the firct indicati: of the actual wise of the hinges.

the church is billed 4n 1795 for "$ pair of lerge hinges ond thumbs

Qh feet long” and "6 pair divte 2 feet Longs"



33

the deers mie for the “northern entranee" in 160) were ogy

with thres pair of hinges, but oo deteile are given os to aise or

Hodks. - ‘the doors were umloubtedly Sitted with some tind of hacks

“ed fvom the beginning. However, 4t ie not witdl 1765 that there is «

epeeific entry in the church accounts for "2 large storm hook with

fittings ," whieh was purchased in co:mwetion with repairs to a large

look for one of the chureh deers .2



Buring the alterat%ons to the church doors im 1766, the churoh

reveived thwve pair of hooks, weighing about 12 pounce per pair, ior | |

each doore*9? te scams Like an expescive uumber of hooke per door,

j but perhaps only two pale were fastened on the inside for hurricane

protection and one pair wae fastened outside te hold the doore back

to the woll when open. The hooks were fastened to the will with |

eyes and fitted inte eyes set in the doors.



Tt is not clear from the accounts of 1793-96 whether nav hooks

~ end eyes were malo et this time, or whether the old ones were simply



repaired, if thet was necessary.



The door susplied for the “northern entreme” in 1609 wor equip-

| pod with a pair‘of “Long heoke and “taples", which were probably te

fasten the door back against the mi1,4%

locks. « locke wore purchased for the doors of the church in August

end September 1792, There is no indigetion of type, but their weight

fe given a9 10 pounds euoh.!?



Ane a AI aay i= Das = a NIE

& large deor look was ranoved and repaired in 1705, but again

there ie mo information es to type. Tawever, in 1795, wo learn



thot two 12 inch end one 11 inch stock looks were bought for the

church.®*° waite the account does not specifically state that they -

ware for the clurch doors, they could hardly have been used for any

other purpose.



In 1809, Jandel MoFerlane, Sre, supplied end installed "5 clompe

with Plates ani Keys for bears” at a wet of 12si,0 pheces of

eign. A lerce stook Look costing 965.0 pieoes of eight we

supplied te the church by seme abvett in 1620."2” 2, 1890, andreas

Semen cupped wank tached &-2iwer Cees eek cn en of tk



doure te reglaee the od leek width had teoken in twes?”?



‘indows

fdngee «nd Thumbs .—



‘@ hae beon previously poiuted out, the question of the type of

wintons whieh the church hed in 1795 comet be Sully veseiveds Tigi

ever, 4f it 4e ascumed thet the windows nd storm shutters, then

hancee end thumbs of a aeller size but of the seme type as those



on the doors would have beon used on the windows.



Ta any event, it is imown thet the windows were eyulpped with

stare stusthers by 20, ent-the hecweahisjmue coe te indloste that

the hinges wwe 18 4nches long.?™4



As for the hardwwe of the interior windows, there is a bill



fer the repedr of "4 iach H-hinges” in 1795, vhioh are assumed to have

15

been for the dasa windows.



Hogs. = ‘the teonty-fowr unspeoi fied hoeke, each one foot Long, ro

ferred to in 1752 ware perhaps t fasten storm shutters i windows beok

to the walls, |



In the sceowste for 1795, the church io biiied or ton pair of

hooke ond staples which must have been Go hold the acwly made window

chatters back againt the walle when open.”° these hooks ware fast

ened to the exterior of the walle with steplest’”



4s Sor the interior windows, hocke for fastening them beck te

the walle ware obtained ae curly on 1789.248

igeks. = Sixteen “iron ter Looks," welghing shows 1 pownde nth,

were purchased iu dune and duly 1752, and it would soem thet some of

then must have been for use on storm shutters on window.""9 mare

ie mo furthor referee to bar locke or any other means of fantoning



Ou September and Gsteber 1, 1795, there are several entries in

the acoounte for what aypear te be "9 inch tron wind/gii/looks " which,

4f the entries have been correctly read, must have bem for the interior

windows when closed, #?



- Moeellensous Hardware



there are a amber of entrics for hrdware in the church escounte

which are ditfieult to idmtify with particular repelre or camtrunt-

fon, thie de purticulerly true for the secounte of 1795~)6, when, for

exemple, such hardware os @ pele each of arose cornet, 9 inch, and |

Li dneh hinges are purchases.“



36

The inventery of December 29, 1751, specifies that tho exterior



of the walls of the church wore to be plastered.” athough unspeot=



fied, this is aleo assumed to be true of the interior of the walle,

oxi it ie probable thet the 212 barrels of Mme purchased on Septe~

ber 5, 1752, were for interior plastering.’



Sogiming on august 26, 1752, oni continuing on util lovenber

15,» 1752, 500 pownls of white lead, 136 pounds of blue oil color,

ama 50 powsls of en unspecified of1 color were purchased, together

with quantities of linseed ofl and leupbiaeke. 2 lieurich Fibiger ,

whe was paid 90 Rdle. on Secanber 50, 1752, did the painting, which

mst have beun of the interior and exterior wodwork, 129



Accounts in the 1700's indicate thet the interior of the church

wag vbitomeheds © ond this must aloo have been true of the exterior ,

even though 1¢ is not<q@mplieitiy stated in the accounts. However,

exterior trim of doors ami winders waa now painted in a brownered of1

color, #7 :



The foregoing colers apparaxtly prevaiicd until the major reper

rations of 1810619, at which time the exterior color we changed to

yoliow ocher while the dutverior walls remined whitewshed.’™ ioors ,

windows, ond shutters ware painted “stone” oolor in 1825.”



Information obowt subsequemt vadimting of the building ie scanty.

ineide end cut, ond the exterdor wae trimmed with o red ocher lime~ —

wash, 450



37

Vedlines

there are fow referenser to this subject in the construction —



accounts, the firet occurs om april 11, 1752, when & pertial payment

of 50 Rdle,. is made te christopher Pemmett for his work in “vaulting”



the church.'-= 4 bili for 4,008 feet of “single Boot planke for



the vaulting in the new Lutheran cluroh" is entered in the gemeral



, ledger om May 2, ipe. Subsequembly, on duly 6 and 51, 1752,



") 312 foot of sawed lumber for tho arches over the vuultiag" was

delivered to the church.’



In 1808, Jamon "ilidems billed the euurch 80 pieces of eight

for: “putting 10 new boards in the Koof of the Gelling,” "18 feet

doubl Melding ,” "25 feet Solid Coraice,” and “painting cornice and

fourd, finding palmters ond paints. *4 pointing of the "part of

the sealing" repaired by dames Willdeme wan done by Poter tonr./99



estimates for repaire in 1609 ond 1022 mke it olesr that the

church imd a vaulted, wooden cedling.””©



the lest known repaire te the church coiling were mde in



Janusry 1829 by Andrew Iperon who mended the "Cornish & Ceiling.”9!

laly ami forbes received 5 pieces of eight from Iperon for “werbling



Gornish, painting a mrt in Coad ingses >”



Fleer

Om Agril 5, 1752, the church wae debited for the delivery of



19 £000 wrtexe 29? These were probably yellow bricke, the moxt coamen



variety used in the construction of the fort and other old bulldiuge

Set ~-lo of 
lC f1Jdt-nd4 
d r,,J 
CM red,• 
r, s " fo '(' 
4J,d 1h tnct} tt1fo 
• 
• 
l 
0,..

|

,

|



ri

i

:



‘

:

H:

¢

i

tit



ik

f

;



He

J

bi

“f



g

4

4

:

f

4

z

se

7

ie



5

E

He

e

:



:

|



é



|

E



Long

paint all



erect the organ, polish the

seakema cad ech Eh Gn cawaehe teen



hfs

ri

1



g

E



e*eeew#e#e#eereee#e#ee#eetk#e#eese+ee#853eee#ee##eee#e#e#ée#

All work de to be finished within 8 woske of days



%e Croix 2 duly, 176



7+

"

$



*



The acoowrste show that Bogle hed laid the floor of the gallery

by August 23 end thet the gallery wos completed by September ,, 1765.

Peulus Srancis prepured the foundations for the posts, out the holes

4a the walle for the beams, and laid the flour tile wxier the gallery.

In 1809, Bastien Franeie billed the church 6 pieces of eight

for “putting @ Rail in the upstairs in the organ."V4@

There are no further references to the organ gallay in the

church socounte, and 4% is only from exicting physical evidence

that 4% do knom thet the gallery wa located at the western ad

ef the church.



Us

—



Strusture’ Betas?



the eecouts for the construction of the steeple cive only a

limlied description of ite early appeerame. I ie described as

@ "tower"and wae constructed of both meonry and wood.!™ ‘eg aychiq

tect GJesving hae already shows, the number of bricks purchased in

1794 corresponda almost exactly tc the msouwry contents of the two

lowest tiers of the existing eteoples!9* yoimrioh sehulte's bili

for earpentry work on the steuple indicates that two woden tiers

were set on top of the msonry section, of which the uppermost com

sicted of & pavilion having eight "Dencanisch” pllesters supporting

a oweia. In turn, the cupela was cromed with a wrought iron

epires”? enesth the pavilion ws another wooden tier for 0 clock,

ond this opparontly had clapboard eidings”>4 ehults also mde

"the coraloe » « « sareund the triok flates™79 sunes Geliett built

&@ connecting dovmer between the stecple and the main roof.)



ldvtle more ie leorned about structural detaile of the steeple

utd) 162619. Repairs to the steople at that time disclene that

the tower measured 17 fest @ inches by Ly feet 10 inohess thet the

four min herdwood beams ,18 foot long by 1 foot equwe, in the tier

im whieh the clock was nowrted and whieh eupported the pavilion

avove were rotten and required replucanouts and that the cornice

ond part of the will of the maonry tier immediately below the

Glock had to be ranoved to take out and replace the udn toana.9!

Tt in not wotdl 1625 that the firet relisble illustration con-



drowings or tiluctrations indleate that the steople hae ra@mdned un

chonged from thet date, at Least, to the present.

In 1827, one of the min bews in the base of the steeple required



& support ob one of ite ends vhere i was sot an the win.”



Substantial repaire were «sein required te the upper wooden

thors of the eteople in 1537. imjor Ikgens' estimte of the wrk

required speclfically estates thet the steeple consiete of fow tiers,

of whieh the lower tw are masonry ani the upper two woden."© mo

wepenia, made by Te Bagge, inclwied? the inetalletion of eeven nut

hardwod bewe, three of which were 9 fect long ami 9 inches square

ome cow of viioh waa 16 fewt lon; by 9 inches syores and the repair

of cavmhce, miding,wd arcsec, for wideh 800 fect of wikte pine beards

and plenks were necessary."



During the major alterations of 1Gldelg@, it wae diecovered that

the bees in the cupola towhich the wrought iron spire was fastened

was of piteh pine ami wes almost completely rotten. ‘The bean wos

replaced with @ hnrdmod boon in May 1812.44



dust four yours later further repaire had to be mde te the

ateople because the root on the third ther Leaked seriously. the

roof wea ranoved emi replaced by one heving a etecper pitch ani

& now molding was placed arcund the roof, Kenowid of the roof dis-

closed that some of the min beams 12 ty 6 inched were rotten ned



ig

to be replaced with now piteh pine beeme, ‘The sheathing boards on

the 6 pillars of the pavilion were removed end replaced to bring then

over the newly led copper on theiveofs the 6 pillars were also fasten

od to the main boom: below with iron clamps ami bolta in plese of

the original »eoden pine, Three new hardwood beens fastened vith

fou lerge irom clempa and bolte vere installed in the floor of the

third tier. ‘the exterior of the third tlor was roshingled, and a

vindow, with shutters, was m de to provide better ventilation for the

Slook end interior of the steeple, A pitch pine bean with braces was

inctelled in the firet tier to support the m.sonry wrk,



Im 1951, the building inspector sroposed that "in regard to the

tower, one opening on the @nd tder As to be filled in, 4 Rew hhercde



wood beam and four corner braces were installed in the cupola in 1863.9



the lest known structural alterations cocurred in the 1920's, when

come of the heavy woden beuas eupyorting the third ead fourth thors

of the eterphe wore repleceds””

oof



The roof of the third tier wae covered with lead sheets from

1796 to 1816, a8 mae the cover of the hutehmy in this root.26? as

covering proved to be umatisiagtory because the celdered sews fre-

quently epli. cpen irom the heat of the sum eel permitted raimater

to enter ond damace the clock end steeple. tn 1615, therefore, the

.foo! was removed end repleced by ome having a gecter slope ami made

of piteh pine seantling covered with oaulked planks, tarpaper, and



ig

• 
1 
, 
• 
l 
, 
i 
" 
.S-et J> 1c1!. 6~ ((,1ddtf\dct 
<lr.d r~rrtc1JfJYl1 £Qr ~dcl,+1on4/ 
t'llform,-1,ot\, 
•

dething further ie knew about the doors in the steeple, except

thet the edeting doors were made in 1909,



4 jalousie door was mde for the opening from the steeple throygh

sho dove tthe vent at tae en tating tm Aapees 2990" Fetoge

this was the door which Bastien reneda boarded up in 1609.2?



vaindowa



Heinrich cohults mde "a big jolousie window on the wide side

with panel work and a chrouler glass window above.” mas must have

beon the wiixiew dn the first ter facing Compeny Strect. the glass

vindow me apparently mde by dames Collett rather than by Heinrich

sonuates



Solute also mde "ly new jolouste windgws with bere on the inside.”

if these were for the openings in the second tier, as they must have

been, Schulte should have b4lled the church for only three windows,

cince the fowth opening fn the second ther was supplied with a

jalouste door to the dormer ty dome Corrett.



In October 2820 vandals broke into the stowple through the windows

of the second ther. As a result, Semel Feston wes paid for “cutting

holes in the Walle to lot in furs for seouring the Windows of the

Chureh, finding the materiale and mking 7 Sars, ani Stepping up with

Bowd 0 vacaney in the Fleer of the Belfry."""” the geurel suuney i

of church expenses for 1620 desoribes the some work an “setiing

wooden bare in fromt of the church tow, winsome shutters.”



There 10 cone infiicstion thet the Julouste windows were repaired

‘



i)



+ ¢* wae

l<e p. II a & ➔ 
c, Ac/d.fnd~ 
ttrid 
Co«ed-,o,,J 
11 
} 
1

they mu t have been JJ10u:nted atop ei tbor the seoond or third 
tiers •197 
~ -e e.1 P• 1
1
1 0 + 
mus 
ely eaz ly- dat • • a i:no,e 
LC A-<{ 
Q t 'I\. a cl 
11 
4 >i cl Carttvilott.r 
tl1.ey M"e .i:mt--ehown on -any ef 1"k• iill'l:letrlt'bionl 
l'fid.ab !nolade 
th• 
stem>le-Bt:d:3;idnl[l?-;--!l!he--et.,-1Sf'-t!lLW-:iflo1:lr-imsmrvmttJl'ir»inm11mli1:V'"""tJJ"tlal!IISJ:
Lightning Rod 
The a.oeounts for ihe oonstruotion 
ot the steeple 
make no mention 
of o. lightn.1D6 rod. 
Ho evet , 1n 1825, 1 t 1s li ted as being 
ged 
by th 
hurricane 
of July 26J 198 and it se 
• reasonable 
to asSW'lle 
th t it was original 
equ1pm nt, particularly 
since there 
111 llO entry 
tn the church aooounte between l 795 am 1825 for 1 ti inetu.llatlon. 
Cloolc 
The ohuroh r oelv d its 
.first 
olook 1n 1196 from Copenhagen, 
ioh was aubeequontly 
unted in the third 
tier 
of the st eple. 199 
Repairs 
to the 
teeple 
in 181.,6 included 
painting 
of the "t'our 
taoe■" 
200 
. 
Q£ the clook am putting 
on. the numbera. 
In 1885-84, the olook 
201 
was aent to Denmark for major r pairs 
whioh ~ost 2 ,2}0 ironer. 
The hurrioone 
of Ootober 10, 1916, dam& ed the olook, but it waa re-
paired 
ran int rmtttent;y 
unt11 1919, 
n it oeaeed to \'tQrk. 202 
~~3 
A new olook was purohe.Bed a.nd inst 
11 d 1n ~ 
1920?1(. Th~ old olook 
was stored 
t Richmond Penitentiary, 
wh re it was destroyed 
in a 
fire 1n 19}3 or 19;4o 004 
47

Je Re Enbsell was paid 450 pieces of aight in 1796 for laying

tile steps dor the entrames to the steeple and fa platform along=

eide the churda."™”?



Painte



The steople was given three coats of paint from lete December

17a to Meroh 1795.75 Vile the accounts d) not specify colors,

they were probably the seme as these uved on the main body of the

ehurch at the time <- that is, the steeple was painted white, while

coor and window fremee were painted e brownered.



After the sajor reperations of 1016-19, the steeple, like the body

of the church, wae painted with yollew ocher.””" voor ani window fremes

wre plant. ow iw”



the steople me again painted yellow in 18-12,"" out thereafter

we have no informtion about the @lor of the Steeple building.



Har arare



Tt is extremely difficult to iventify the haramre for the windows

om) dowre of the steople in the accounts of 1795-96. However, there

ie an entry in the accoumts on December 17, 1795. for four pair of

hinges, each 2} feet long, wich my have been for the axtrenee doors

on the east ani west aides of the stople.™° sintlerly, the windows

were apparently oyiipped with hinges 18 inches songs



dames Sedgers made the wrought iron spire for the steeple "to go



ip

—



————



\



Through the King cost end top Pall" and aleo ae large mute and



bolts end two larso square plates for the come. 2* Chrictien Corts



made the “top Sell” ef copper aud also covered eight wooden talle



3



with oo por.



James Sodgere provided the “6 lar-e longbolt te



m2 Fy



go through the balla.



There are alco niseeraie entries in the chureh accounts o:



1796-98 for hardware for mounting the clock axi the tw seperate



belle hung under the eupole whieh struck the quarter hours and the



235 .



houre.



:



en

26

PUR EGUINGS alld ACCBSSUK IS



flter and Purnishings



Alter. - the original alter of the “Church of the Lord of



‘ebaoth" de now located in the prevent Lutheran chureh on King

street, Chriotiausted, t whch it was moved in 1035);. ‘Thde ol tar



was Constructed locally in 1742 in accordance with a Greting bearing

the signature of Johan Wilhelm sehopen 287 ez ouphayee of the Danish

fest Inde and Culnea Comsany who euvervised the construction of



many of the company's bulldings om Ste Cruix. ‘ehopea's design is

not original, however, since 4¢ i¢ almost a direct Gosy of the baroque

alter designed ly Christopher Marsel4s ‘er the chapel of Prederike-

berg Castle in Copenharen around 1707.8



Alter Cloths. — <ithouch the exact number of altar clothe varied



chightly from time to time, there were usually three alter cloths

of red velvet with 1d embroidery ond han on hand.



Alter Haseoek and Radling. - The eerie t mention of a hassock

29 .



avound the alter oceurs in 1807. the haseeck is acvein repaired

in 1815 ° eaul S€covered with red velvet in 1627.°"4



Although there is no mention of 4t in the accounts, it is acsmmed



53



eS

r 
that 
there 
wa,;1 a.l so a railing 
arotmd the al tar 
similar. 
to the 
one in the present 
Lutheran 
ohuroh in Christianated. 
This would 
have been oharaoteristio 
and concomitant 
with a hassock. 
Altar 
Looaticn. 
-
The "Church of the Lord of Sabaoth" 
was an 
example of an eightoenth 
century 
effort 
to design 
a distinct 
Pro• 
testant 
church type. 
In a church of this 
design. 
the pulpit 
and 
altar 
were oontored 
on one of the long walls• 
opposite 
the entrance 
to the church• 
instead 
of at one end of the churob.. 
In the "Church of the Lord of Sabaoth," 
then. 
the altar 
would 
have been centered 
against 
the south wall opposite 
the entrance 
from 
the steeple. 
This location 
of the altar 
is con.firmed in 1827 by 
a propos 
1 tho.t "two windows should 
be opened in the 
southerly 
wall behind 
the al tar 
• • • in order 
to obtain 
more ooolnoss. 
n222 
In view oi' the fact 
that 
aooess 
had to be gaillOd to the storage 
ca-
binet 
in the baok of the al~ar.
823 it must have stodd at least 
a 
few feet 
away from the wall. 
Al,.tar Painting.-
A painting 
.for the altar 
was executed 
in Copen• 
hagen and received 
by the church in 175;. 224 '.Ihe painting 
was mounted 
in the altar 
and was moved with the la ttor 
to the present 
Lutheran

ohurch in 1634. However, in 189, the original painting was replaced

by the existing ones? wire nothing is known of the original paint-

ing from contemporary accounts, it wae described in 188; as depicting



the Grusdfiadon of awist.@*



Altar Teble. — The only direct reference to the altar table ocours



in 1613, whon it is “raised."™! ne alter table of the present Luthe-

ren chweh in Christianeted is sot that of the "Church of the Lord



of Sabaoth."



Baptienal Font

In 1760, Chember Advisor (Keamerraad) Johannes Sgbftker donated

@ baptiomd font with a marble base end silver dish to the ohuroh.

this font is mow located in the present Lutheran church in chri otians-

ted amd bears the following inseriptiont



Thie font with marble pillar was donated to the

Lerd Sabeoths Church on St. Croix by Chamber Adviser

Johannes agbptker in manory of his son Adem Levin,

the firet to be baptised in the same. 1760. i.De6.

The basin bears the mark of silversmith Sivert Thorsteinsson

(be17Llpd.1 799) end the detemarks: "Copenhagen 1760 February 16 to



weroh 22,98



Candleosticke



Governor General Peter Glauem@ donated @ puir of brass candle

oticks to the church prior to 176. ‘these candlesticks wore m longer



52

l l • 
rtJplac• 
• 
sill 
i 
sll~ 
d 
s 
r 
17 • 
• 
oh "O • 
• 
1 cl 
I" 
t 
0

ite mentdon 4s found of eedling rosettes sor the chandeliers in the

church accounts.



ed velvet eloth and cold enbroidery ami hen was received by the

church from Dormer in 1753 and wae used to mke a chamuble."” 4 new

chasuble was obtained 4m 1765, ond the old ome wen finally sold in

1811.



The number of surplicer lis.ed on the church inventeriss fuctunt-~

ea betwooun ts and theres,



Ghureh Socks



In the spring of 17%, the church rooeived two Denish Bibles,

20 rontoppiden's Splanstion, 50 Rostockts Splamtion, 50 catechians ,

50 AB @ books, 2 church ritual, ond 10 pealm books.”



the foregoing ware supplawnted by the addition of 60 new psalm

books dn 1807 aud 30 more pool books 4n 180). In 184), 152 Creale

Testanen:s were receiveds ani in 1651, the church received 200 Creole

Bes and $0 reguler Bibles,



Caurch records inoluded a sessions pretees] whieh ms kept in

the pareonage and was destroyed nu the hwricam of 1705. 4 new sessions

preteee] was oltained in 1791. A mibocanyepainted pine cabinet wes

made in 1808 for the storace of church recorda.”?

@llection Plates

The church had two wo en collection plates as early as 1769.

Orpan



the firet orsen was a carved and gilded wooden organ made in

Copenhagen ty & Mrs Ortemun and received by the church tn 175."

this orgen wae replaced in July 1785 by a organ mde in Copenhagen

by Hartwig Mnler.”? as pointed out earlier, the latter organ was

mounted on & panelled gallery at the western em of the church.

& bill of dune 25, 1791, indicates that blue cotton curtains were hung

dn feeelh of te eran!” wan thane ere shamend t0 Greenies

in 1829,°97



there are numerous bills for the tuning and repair of the 178

ergenj and in the reparations te the church of 1616619, repairs of



the orgen, which ineluded neny now pipes, cost ae mach as 1,000 dla.”



Thde orgen ne longer exists.



umber Gowda



the ohureh had four penels for the display of hym and psalm



“mumbers dn 1780, these were repleced in 1785 with three nahogeny



pemele and about 100 glided numbers,

few number boards were made cor the chureh in 1619 end 1620.

they are described in 1825 a2 being two mahogany axl two wooden panels



and must also have been supplied with gilded numbers, although this

ie not specifically mentioned. .

Pewa



Songregation, ~ ‘he church accounts of 1792-95 indicate that twenty

woden pews were construsted for the use of the congregation.”

Letells ore limited, tut 1% is mown thet ecme of then were fastened

to the walle anf that they al had hinged doors equipped with locks.”

iter accounts indicate that these pews had wooden floors end were

vainteds “A



| “hen the organ callery was erected at the western ond of the

building in 1785, the three pews standing thereumer were removed

and altered for apparent use aeewhere in the eburch.”* Twelve long

benches were mde ami placed under the organ gallery in place of. the

pews. However, ot come uniknow: and subsequent date, three new pews

wore apparently made and pleced under the orgen gallery,“



In 1627, the treliia wrk atop six “side pews" was renoved because

it reduced audibility in certain parte of the church. ”4 |



“hile there wre only twmty pews in 1755, there were twenty-three

pews in 1930.25 these pows ware rented to provide the church with —

additional ineome, but apparently there were aleo a sumber of benches



|

{

for those who could not afford to pay pew rent. The records for pew [|

rent in 1930 seem to indicate that pews 1 and 2 hud seven seate each, |

pows 3 and i; had six sects each, and pews 5 through 25 had four seats ‘



% i

Minister and Governor Ceneral. — Separate pews were conctructed in



1752 for the minieter and governor. ‘ach was equipped with green

silk curteine hung on rods, and the doors of these paws wore equipped



56

with locke and rayne



New prem talfcts curtains were unde for the governas general's

pew in 2700.°"7 ie quantity of material purchased +» 12 yards < must

have bog: sufficient ta Line and caraish the pow.



the foregoing curtaine were replaced in 1791 by pray silk curtains

requiring 5 yarde of mtarial.” py, 1796, the ouch purchased red

‘Callonanyue," und the goveruor cenerelte pow was lined ani garnished

_ with tress anile ond isco.) seatn in 1801, new gray taffote curtains

requiring 4b yards of smterial ware mde for the “window in the qemeral's

Solr, — In 100), Dactian Framie made two now pews which wore

placed close te the alter for the choir.25) mece pows were painted,

ourtained with grem “vasd," and apparently lined with grom convas,



Pulpat



Barly details comerning the pulpit are meager. However, it ie

Aefindvely inown Wad red velvet! was tacked on tie pulpit fren 17%.

sa tha Se see eh ten hn vena tn eg ee ee

The pulpit hed @ natural finich like the alter," ong at was mounted

on & post, as in the present Lutheren church, which war raised in

2015.°9 she rectern was aitered in 1622 ong rodved in 1009.°97

the contract for the renovation and repair of the Jutek jeformed

Church fn chrfatdensted An 1830654, would seem to indioete that thie

pulpit was not moved to the new church." tmetead, the pulpit ulnendy



97

dn the church was moved from the east to the west sice of the buliding.

the pulpSt was probably mounted to the weet and « few foot in

front of the alter,



Misco) laneous

4 Soot stool 8 inches high for the minister to “atend on” de

fret mentioned in 12.5? the church alco acquired? a “stend for

Lights" in 1617s two flag svecfs, 6 ouske deck, and an ink well fin

10293 and a strong tox for the church ond poor fumde in 1690.

RELEVANT FEATURES AND ~VRTFllllNCES 
-
1 
• 
b 
t

Rnohoswres,



A [fence we ordoted around the churchyard eeourky-ee A77ly tat

ne tebe then eptember tig Fé, on oriers of Governor ‘eneral Peter

Aeuen®® pepatre made to the fenve in 1780-81 indicate that st

wae 0 wooden pielet fence and was painted iwommred.”" nepatre were

made tb the tense tn 1700 by Metarish cobektes™” one in the feller



wooden,



ing year, MMeolee Freese mace extensive repairs to the fence “around

tin charch ont charehgjert.®””



‘Three years later the woden picket fence wes removed and re-

placed. Yhonas Gray built 32 bri¢k piJlars around the churchyard

and Thome Bogle mace the fence.” the accounts for 1786 are vacue

ag to whet kind of fencing Bogle ade, for they merely state that

he war paid 900 pieces of eight for "the fome arcuni the Denish

Lathoren Church, wages, irouwork, and to cuint the sune twice with



ofl color « . sO sre tin peel ula cum So iettnee



that Bogle made on iron rail fence, thie seems mlikely for a number

ef reasonst



(1) the only known materfel charged to Bogle during the

period that he wes waking the fenoo was 566 feet of white pine

plenzas*™



(2) Bogle was o carpenter ani would hardly have mde iron

velis him elf. In feet, it wae customary for the church to be bilied

éirectly for hardware and other mteriale wed wy any workmen in

repairs to the church. However, there are no separate bills in



60

+e \V 4



b

one ll



Qwot



the church accounts of 1786 for iron rails, as one wold expects



(3) Materials purchased for the repair of tho fence in

1790 snolused 8 pounds of IO penny neile, whiehwould only be useble

to repair a wooden fences”? ~



(4) the fenee erected around the front of the ehureh in

179596 consiated of brite pillure ond woien fensings



(5) If the fence made ty Bogle in 1786 had beon an iron

rail fence, it would hardly have been nesexsary to replace it twenty

youre later with « walle”?



in view of the above, it is coneluded that the fence erected

around the churchyord in 1786 consiated of 32 bridk pillare with

Womien table.



With the orectiin of the steeple in 179, it was apparently

decided to trevt the front of the building in a grenfor fashion than

heretofore, Je lie Entsell erected two large ond eight amoll pilleres

around the "churokyara” in 1795.""° tn the following your » ant

in coumectia: with his construction o! the tiled steps for the

steeple ond platform elongaice the church, Hutsel] built "4 large

phllare with arches to the eust ond west of the churane”!? peteena

probebly aleo laid the "1900 bricke* purchased on Gotober 17, 1795,

"gor the foundation of che cences"@!© Janes Collett mie the fone,

for whieh the church purchased "101 feet of plunke” and “1 barrel of

tur" on November 12 and 17, 1799,"79 poapectively, and also the

"@ Redd Gates" for the arched pillars.“ Mece cates were probsbly

lewated en either side of the enat and west entremce steire te the



the fence around the churehyerd wus replaced in 1006 by o wall.

Speeific billie for the construction of the will are missing from the

clarch accounts, oud it iz therefore aww only that the wall cost

about 1,900 Ras. to buila.@82



.



j sateen) @,

.



|



|



A weoden plank fenee had t be wreeted on the Church Strect side



of the yard in 16389 8 anu the accounte of 10ld-le inchoste that this

. was necessary beenuse the wall wae domed.) me wall wae rebuilt

during the reporntions of 1Bid~i2 to © length of about 60 fect, o width

of 2s inohes, and a height of 7 for.

Ag for the wall facing Hesphtel Stvect and the fort, the northern

part of it was inoorporated into what is now the east end wall of

the Steeple Building in the alterations of 18-12." 4 olank femme

8 feet high was also erected at thie time between the yards of the

ae 08 mildtery bakery and the storehouse.””° gre enucestdon-An-2853-that

|



Se

enda and



Coren .



| | The secounte of 1760 and i7@i indicate thet there were two gates

| in the femee around the churehyara O° Theee gates were equipped

with locke» hooks , oni hinges. weighing 6 pounds each.”



gates in 1782." de Friis repaired row hinges ond “the othor

fitiangs for the fawe, There is m indlestion that these cates

were replaced in 1786, when the new fence was made, However, the

hinges end other hardware of the gates were apparently repeired in

1789, when the cence was repaired und paimbed vromered.”?*



denwe Collett made "2 Rei) Gates" for the fowr new arched

wrick pillars whieh Jelle Mutacli erected in 1795-96." corr)ert aloo

made the eight hardwood blocks wich were set in the brick piliare

for the pintles of the cate hinges. 79



Repairs or alteratacne were made im 1000601 te one pillar of

each of the two gates to the yard." In view af the fact that at

Least 2,000 bricks were purchased for thin work, 4% io probable that

the philere were comletely rebuilt. “orhape thie was done in order

to widen the gates, but there is no cther evidame to support this

supporition.



Tt ie mob known vhothor the coms tructdon of the well srourd the

ghurchyard in 1606 affected the gates, since detailed bills for the

work ave missing rom the aburon accounts.



Minor repaire were made to a gate in 1000.""' 4 new lock was pure

chosed for one of the gates in 16th,” the following your it would

oppear thet wm gates ware repaired.” ono gates, like the other

exterior woodwork of the church, were painted « "stone" ooler after

1825

aad



|

F



t

|

|

|

i

|



The hurricene of duguet 17, 1827, broke the western gate in tw,

and it was repaired at a cet of 6 nda 9%



there are uo further kuown repaire to the gates until] after the

building ceased to be used as a church, In 1653, a gate to the chureh-

yerd wag boarded up and another one ws repaired.” Five yours

later a plenk Sense with tve gates woes erected on the Church Street

side ef the yore because the old wall wae in poor conditions two brick

pillars were elso repaired, a gate was made towud Hospital Strest,

and all wod was “tarred” with a ndxture of brow-red?°9



Qurlag the major alterations of 16/J-i@, when the wall toward

church Street was rebuilt, two mew cates of piteh pine lumber wore

made for the entrances to the yards of the military bekery and the

storehowe,?O4



A now gate was made for the axtrance to the military bekery in

1847.7°9 repatse were required to the pillars of the bekery entrance

in 1052.96 And in an estimate for repairs to the “clock tower" in

1865;'8% Gn wpectted thet 6 mat gabe inulé be mete.” thie would

sem te t6-8 veferense to enn Of up ‘Sieut gates providing emtry to

the steeple, as distinot from ome of the yard gates.



Graves.



It is not known when the first burial took place in the church

endfor yard or how extensive the practice was, However, iovernor

General Peter Cleusen prohibited burdale in the church after 1774

or thereabouts?" and burials were permitted only iu the yurd there~

after.

A fee of 100 Adie, we sob by the church counoll on September



il» 1776, Sor burial of 61 but high ppvernment end church offieiale

«xi their dnmoddate fumilies therein.2”



In 1778, Peter L. Oxholm, a wilitary engineer , complained to the

home government thet burdel im the church ond yord was & munaoe to

conoundty heelth and should be prohibited.”“" Instead, he reeoumende

od thet burials should be confined to the common cemetery on the veste

orn outekirte of Christians ted.



Guholn's complaint apparently had no imediate effect, for the

shureh refused to discontinue burials in the yerd milecs a siniler

ben was imposed on the otter Seetk charchesd™? tne prosthee pretehiy

eoased ag a rovult of a decree by the home ~overmment, but when is

not known. In any event, there were only cleven grevertenes in the

churehyerd in 10379” ten of then were moved to the present Lutheran

cluwoh in 1641, while the cleventh was in too poor conditia w be

moved.?*9



tevernor General Cleusen’s remaine = he we; \upded dn the

: ; we

eharch on dune 26, 178) «were disinterred ond mved ta the present

1 $35.

Lutheran church in 2634)" were they rest to the wost of the alter



 demdagep ing,

Taformidon comerning landscaping of the churchyard is scanty.

However, it ie kuwwm thet 52 youn: “coins” trees ad 10 cocenut trees

vere planted dn the churchyerd io March end Aurust 1609, reepoctively.”?



eee —

ct f', l i 
0 £, 
AdJev.J~ 
avid 
o-<recl-10""> 
11 
316 
"' 
•

e~ P"' ot 
IJJJ~r,ola 
~,,d . 
oftaf,ori 
S '' 
., 
324 
8 
• 
ot, 
8 
I 
\ 
I 
I 
\

st 
Vi 
., 
324 
8. 
• 
l 
\ 
\ 
• 
ot. 
I 
I 
\

BIBLIOGRAPHY 
Prim zz-
souroea 
aoript 
lfat rials 
Danish Ni t1onal Arohi• 
( "Rigsark1vet"), 
Cop Ma~en. 
D nni.ark 
This 1 
the prinoipal 
repo11tory 
for th 
o f'icial 
correspond 
noe 
and rooorde 
of tti 
former De.n1 h 
e 
lnd! a. 
The ooll 
otion i 
vol• 
u:mtnoue and h $ nev r been prop rly or 
lly 
o talogued, 
thereby making 
th 
work of th 
res 
ab.er doubly dU'ficult 
d tim 
conswning. 
The 1 i tar' 
r ee 
oh in th so mat riah 
oov r 
-. three-month 
period in th 
um.er of 1957. 
The objeot of this 
reH 
oh was not only 
to gather muter:lels 
pert 
ining to t~ 
oon truotlon 
of and subse-J,uent 
teratf.ons in the Steapl 
Building, 
but also to obtatn 
eimil r inaterials 
for the oth i' five 
buildin 
1noluded 
in the Virgin 
Ialands 
tional 
liistorio 
.:.iite. 
. 
perio 
, ~he 
earoh proved to b 
rather 
disappoint-
ing 1n10£azo e the Stoe-ple 
u:l.l ding wa concerned. 
'.!.'he xoept 
p riods 
i-
, (1) the 
nlltruotion 
o th 
l:Jtoeple fuilding 
rom 1750-5, • 
whioh is docum&nt d to a degre 
in the r cord 
of the Do.nlsh eat 
lndi 
and Guin 
Oo anyJ and. (2) alteratio~ 
in th 
building 
from 
1800-1850 • whioh are document 
in the record 
of the Building 
Inspector 
for St~ Oroix (these 
r cords 
ere tr naferred 
1n bulk from St. Croix 
to the De.ni•h National 
ohl.v s in 1889). 
68

The writer hae frequmtly been plagued since 1957 vith doubts

as to the adequacy of hiv research in the correspondeme between the

Colomfial end home goverments. the “Journaler” were foun to be wate

ing as a camplete index to the correspondance ("Sager"). Moreover,

even vhen correspondence was listed in the “dournaler ,” it happened

not infrequently thet the originel report or letter wie siecing from

ite proper bundle. Time limitations also restricted the thoroughness

of tho search, purticularly for the period after 1050. —



iygualiy, if uot more divsppsinting wae the failure to find aay

orizinal plone or Grewings of the building in gpite of the fect that

there is mention ef them in the correspondence at various times. To

illustrate, & proposal to enlarge the church in the late 1770*%s was

accompanied by a drowing prepared by Peter L. Oxholm, a military engi-

meer, The wihter ws umble to find thie proposal ani drawing, and

correspondence with the Denish Bational archives over the past year

ine elicited the reply thet the archives staff has ulso bean wmble

to find the mterial ond bas civen it up as lost. ;



iiven the comprehensive group of records of tte Suilding Inspector

for Ste Groix for the poried from 1800 to 1090 doer not contain a wingle

Growing of the Stoople Bullding, end yet there should have been

ene, In fact, it is ramrkeble that drawings of simo:t ail the

other budidings of the Uietoris Site were found in thie records group,

while not & single drawing of the Steeple Bullding wos located,



&

ln th 
11st of :rnateritlls 
ilhioh folio 
, only those record 
ar 
11 t d whioh ar 
ot m jor 
gnifio 
c 
to 
1s stucy. 
It i 
not 
a oompr hensiv 
11 t of the material 
:X(WWle in th 
D 
sh 
tional 
Archiv s. 
rikansk 
og A.t'rikan k Ko ibog • 1752-54. 
r ve og Dokum ntor (B1lag) indkomne til 
Dir ktionen, 1732~54 
Den v 
tindi 
ke 
ring p 
Sot. 
Croix. 
D1v ra 
Pa)d(eea.g re 
Invezi.tari 
r, 
, igtl 
lser 
og Ovorleveringe 
Forretnin 
r • 1744-63. 
N goti journal.er 
fr 
ot. Croix• 171.il-5}. 
Ve tin 
ke Inv 
tari 
• 173; ... 51. 
kontor• 
1154-60. 
hr v journal 
• l 75i.r.6o. 
Indko 
Br ve f'ra. 
eral 
ouvernp'ren og Gouvomem ntet 
pa.a 
ot, 
Croix, 1756•59. 
og guilneisk 
Am rik nsk Jo 
nal , 1770 ... 71. 
Indkomne v tindisk 
Brev s 1760~71. 
Br v journal or a l 76o-l/J. 
1700-71. 
I 
Vo tind1 
Danske K 
nur,,:u1Ut 
June 1771 - 3i nu ·:7 l n3. 
ger t1l v tindi 
Journnlort 1771.73. 
Ve tind1sk 
Jo n er. Litra 
C• 1711•73• 
Gener 
toldknmmoret& v 
1771-1648. 
Henla 
e 
ager t1l 
v stindi 
ke Journ lar a 181 1848. 
Ko ,elige 
By inger 
Repar tion m.m. -
ot. Croix• 
1822•29• 
70

OlU:mJ,Glf-0 dil'ln,~ll. 
tt:\tl'fll'"t 
I l 
• 
• 
1 
• 
-
• 
• 
• II 
71

Parsonage in 5t.Thoms «< or were destruyed in the hurricane of sugust

23, 1785, as indicated by the churgh inventorics,

The sccounte for church alterations are not always complete and

are Sheguently so vague in teninmology as to lesve their interpretation

Accounts



Rognakebsbog for den danske Kirke 4 Chrdutiansvedt 1790-1006, 16071618,

181 G9-1822 , 182261830, 185056.



Correspomience, Notes, Decisions

Bilace ved Kirkena og Fattigkassens Neguskeber? 1776-1799.



Decisions og Antegneleer henhérende til Ghristisneved Lutherske

Hirkos og Fettigkasces Regnakabors 1776-1799, 1800-1829, 1830-36.



Breve fra Christiansteds danske Kirkeevaergere fra 1016 til 1620.

Indkomme Grove til Kirkeveerserne og Petdgforatemierne for Gwistians-



tede danske luthurake Kirket 1616-182 , 1820-1026, 162761829. * 1830439.

luthoren Parsonage» Ste Thome, Virgin Islands



‘two of the account books of the Lutheran church in Guristiansted



have somehow managed to got into the archives of the Luthorun Curch

of “t,thoms,. the first of these is valuable becouse it is not dupli-

Gated eleewhore and adds ten years tm our knowledge of the Steeple

tudiding.

Regnakebsbog for den danske Kirke 1 Gwistiansted: 1760-1709, 1608-1012.



National archives, ‘iashington, He 6.

the writer hae not been privileged to exunine the records of the

formr Denish “lest Indies which are deposited in the United states



Te

Hational srehives (Collection tio, %) in preperation for thie report.

collogtio in 1996 in connection with the architectural section of the

historie etructures report on the Steeple Budiding. Mis research umco~

vered cone recorde of the Lutheran Gmrch of Chriotdawted, although

only ome dian « the church account book of 17iO~% -- ie mot duplicated

oleewher.



From conversation with Mr, CJonting ond from other sources, it

is known thet thie collection of mterial ranins virtually wmeoatealogued

since ite transfer from the isluade to the Natdonal Archives in 1936. |

the contents of this collecti.o remain virtualiy usknowm, therefore, and

- @8 etperiemed reseurcher should be permitted to axmine it ase thoroughly

@@ poesible, Im fact, Gwre is sample reason to believe that this col-

lection contains materials not to Le found in the Donish ational Archives,

pertieulurly for the period after 1550 whon adsindetrative chances

took plece between the colonial and home -overmmts.



‘iscellaneous Archives onl Libraries

‘hle in Demmark in 1997, the oriter aleo conducted resesrch in

the Noyul Library, Gopemhagen, ani the Trade end Shipping Museum, Ml si~

nore, No manucoript materiale of value to thie study were found in

these repositories. However, some illwtrative materials inolwied herein

were obtained from these sources.

Exeeet for newspapers, the entire coliestion of mtorials from the

former Sunish Wect Indies now deposited in the Bancroft Collection,



73

University of California Library, hes iwon obtained on aderofiim end

found te be of me value tw thie report.



Howapaye re



At the time this report was being prepared, there was no comiete

file in the Virgin Islauie of the newspapers published in t, Groiz from

1769 ta 1917. However, the St, Thome Library has recently received

ateroftim copies of the extensive eolfection of uwepenare deposited in

the University of Gopenkacen Library.



Meeawhile, end for the ourpose of thie study, 16 bae only beu pos-

sitle to goneult seattered issues of newspapers before 1644 ond the

major bulk of the St, Crofx Avia from 1090 te 1917 (with the exception

of the period ¢rom 1060 to 1871, imelusive).



‘thie research has proved singularly umrewerding, ani it te rather

doubtful whether additions) research in those sources would bo worth



the time axi effort iuwolves



7 1905-06, 190607, 190Raee 1508-09 190910, 1I9hO-ll, imlelg, 19a,



intone. Seay. Hg tee om Ste Crulig. St. Oredas St. Grodx Museun

Comadeclon, i



TM

/ Aroe, Manuel Gutierrez 
d • 
La <bloniz.acio_n Danes a 
Las Islas 
Vir enes. 
Estudio 
Historioo-Juridioo. 
Sevilla• 
Esoue a de Estu 1os li1 · 
ft..mor1cano8 1l La Univ r {dad d~ s villa, 
1945. 
Brondsted, 
Joahannes 
(ed.) 
et al. 
Vore Gamle Tropekolonier, 
Vol II, 
Dansk Vostindien. 
Copeiiliae;ena'·' estermann, 1953. 
Gj a sing, 
Frederik 
c. "Prelimin:,ary 
rvey Report 
(Arohi t otural 
Data}, 
Restoration 
of the Steepl. 
Building." 
U ublishad 
report, 
National 
Park S rvice, 
1956. 
Jones, 
David .J. 
nd Johnson, 
01 renoe L. 
fl.f'f 
ea of Chris thnst 
d ," 
Part 
I of a "Roport on Historic 
S;Ltes of St. 
Croix, 
lrgin 
Island, 
of the United 
ta.tee." 
Unpublished 
r 
ort, 
N tional. 
Perk Sorvice, 
1951. 
aa Muhlen-
' 
L rsen, 
Kay. 
Dn.nsk V tindi en, 1666-1917. 
Kpbenl,.a.vn• c. • Reitzel 
1928. 
Lo e, Emil Vi ldom.ar. 
it ddreae 
Delivered 
on July 25, 1884," 
The t. 
. Croix 
!!!, ,, Aueust 2 , 1884. 
• 
The Lutheran 
Ohur c.h 1n the 
John T. 
__ 
_,,,_ 
Quin, n. d. 
"Om olkeldrkena 
Tidliglilte 
Tid Paa Vore Vestindiak 
per ,t' 
Kirkehiatoriske 
Sanp.ingcr, 
4 R Il (1904), 29; .. 317. 
t,£ttng, 
Obr'istie.n. 
"Danslt Veatindien 
under .Krigen," Atlantm. , l V 
(1. 15-16) , 77-84. 
Rprdam, Holger E'. 
"Kirkelige 
F'orhold paa. .$t. Croix l 741 og danako 
Pl'aester 
pea de veatt.ndiske 
Oer i JQ.dt 
a.f 18 
arhundr 
de, 
11Kirke-
hi toriske 
Samli~er, 
3 R V (1185), 
54-100. 
ilb oh; Frederik. 
Dansk 
gningskun _t i DISt 18 Aarhundred 
• 
Kjpbenhavns 
Nyt Nordisk Forlag, 1930. 
'estergae.rd, 
Wal dEmar. 
The D 
oh 
eat Indies 
Und r Co5>Nlf Rule 
( 1671•1754). 
:1. th a Supplementary Chapter, 1755•191 7. 
Now York• The 
Macmillan CompEl.X\Y', 
1917. 
7-5

St!e p, 
1 ~ 
ullJJenJa 
arJ 
Cor-(ecf10H ~ '1 
fo.,.- ,$JJ,+,ott~l 
L n-f o~ M t1fur.

Hiepebasverishe senltnger Series 111, V (1885), 56 f+



Larsen panels Vestindion s 1666-1987 (Gopenhagent CsA.

em do De 1. igs



” staat ‘sradsenn’ wanes an tae

(Bilag) Indkomme til Direktionen og Randet ‘il Direktdonen,

| April 26,1752. Hereinafter the “Rigserkivet” or Denish Hetional archives

Wili be cited as & Ag the records of the lenish Yect India md Guinea

; Gompeny will be cited as Ygk, foliowed by an abbreviated form for the

; partiouler volume or packet of wrreapondeme consulteds and, finally,



o the particular doowent will be cited in translated form. In the pre«

ti sent instame, the comlete etry would be cited as¢ NA, VgieB & D, Gover~

r) sor em) Council to the Mrectors, Avril 26, 1752.



The date civen for the trmafar of church services from the

fort ie an estimate only.



&



| on, Vek=lNegotiejournal fra te Croixt 1751, pe $62. Hereinafter

the Hegotiejourmal fra St, Croix will be cited as lid, followed by the



year of the wilume referred to.



| See



of Rae | The total sum raised by subseription for the church is unknom,

and Corvectons” but St amounted to 2,564 Mgedalare by Decanber 31, 2751. A rigedsler

Soe addition’) wae equal to @ plove of eight, ond the terms are wed interchangeably



comment im this report in conformity with their usage dn the olurch accounts.



10, Vek=B & » Governor ond Gounedl to Ge Maw rerns Ee ee ere

be dee punter cal sone en ie fee oe @ thet “we



| devoting every effort to having our latharwn ciusrch eoastounted, in.

eee a eee Ses but consicersble time ms been

required to get so much lime burnt and to gether so many stones.”



sa was (lemiesed as the compeny's treasurer on St. Croix



around 1748, However, he contimued in the canpany's employ as inspec-



ter of plantations ami apperently alco as supervieor of ding, conse

truction. og guineiske Personaliea

ee pd of Date, ly kongelige <euling 320, Det kongelige Bibldotek (Royal



pdlende and ape. peubacen , Lemur.



a prectong” Ly



} Pe 9073 ond he also nal pe the draving for

‘ommentS S ehter A Woe Se Tepe wk tree 30 0 Ul Penave nnd ad hs toe

w



Dw, Vek-8d91751, pe 100, Unless otherwise noted, the coomant

= oe oe ee or Ae . oaroe Rago sol (



entries abor miterial s Gwypany*s ledgers athe

journaler) from 1791 to 17%, inelucive.



| 7

OF Y¥ekveutindiske Inventeriors 1753-91, Inventory oc: tenieh

Weot India end Guinea Gompanmy'ts Property, “eomber &, 1791.



7.

sen, Jone Vootindien,s pe 110.

Fr ED Croix, viverse Fake.



48

For a Gogy of von lobr'a drawing see page 101.4 Hie ectimate



of the dam ce coed by the huwrieame, wich is dated Ooteber 16, 1772,

will be found dn KA, as Sager Br. 1G til veotindiek dowmal pro 1772.

Surchantiey quvveqpendanses Fepertes Shin cebered tm te dousanhe wais

be ofted by number and yoor «~ 4,0. 144 ¥d 1772.



i

ant Ve Love, “Address Delivered on July 25, 1684," The st,



Seoix avis, sucuct 8, 1884, pe 2.



a 528 VJ 17808 Governor Gomeral emi Counedl to the Royal



Veet Indie Ghauber, April 19, 1780.



7 4, M6 V3 17820 Governor Gonsral to the Went Indiesduines

‘Rechequer and Cemeral Gustome Chumber, Decanber 6, 1761.



#2



eee ee ttn ee sae eee

for deh demake Kirke 4 Chrictiansteds 1760-09,



the Lutheran Personace in “.Tineme will be of ae + gy

in Qrietioncted, St. Groin, as LP (56), The secount books will be

eited as 5B, ‘ollowed by the yoars covered by the volun referred to.



Protas, pe S70.



Ohad. , pe 6 d-

a



o Be be a nwers Nnite ee dards Se Seated «



emo al Cuctome



to

Chamber, Uecember 6, 1781.



26... | 2h Wo 17860 4 Comoiee Accoum of the kamge Suffered by

the Planters ond Burghere of %. Oreiz as a result of the lhyricene

of aust 25, 1785, dated Soptenber 30, 1785.



i)



Thid.

pea dy Ngee weap 3 oe” peeeeee goer Me oe

aS 7620 Governor

ok 0), Be 1700-0) » pps Ba, Gib, 99a.

2040), BO 27901006, pe Ub

99 ot 83), ae 1780-89» pp 950s Kemd.



PcG), ie 1790-1006 We Tid. Tay 9M» 990 ABO» Unlese

otherwise specified, deteile concerning the construction of the steeple

ave from thie gea@ vo Lume of church accounts.



32



Beenfeldt's drawings of Chrieticawted cre the first to show

the Steeple after the construntion of the steeple, ce pages

106 f. for hie 6 and an evalustion of their wrth. ‘“ubse quer

views of the steeple will be ‘oul om pages 108 ff, 112 ff.



F200), RDO 1790°1806, pe 27Oe- The bills for the eonetruotion

of the wali are missing from the accoust book, However, the conerel

cumery ef expenses for 1806 states that John Aylmer wes padd 1676.6.0

Mise for enclosing the churchyord with o wall, for painting the seme,

aed for other miner reparatiae in the church.



ant °0)» BBt 1607+264 pre Bb, 50a, 57a.



Moetetie of those repairs wilt be fount prinatvelly tn ju, Ser

velour til Byguingespektoraterne 4 Ceistianeted o¢ frederikevwd, Inde

0g udganenie Brevet 18L5-é), Bygningsine oktdr Py Beok til Den kongelige

yootiniiske o Tebruery 25, 1018, lercinafter the incoming

and eorrespondempe of tho building inepecter will be cited

an SBE, fol uel eee

respondense voferred to is Loouted.



the total cont of the repaira fn 1618-29 do from LMC),

is —



seinen Sade? toner o¢ stone, Leena Kirkersorserme

a



tai Gunerehguaerale ever 40 Gain vestheladee tev Wares B,



fereinatter the decisions esl notes of the churchwurdens will be cited



ae DdA, followed by ee ee



reavomieme referred to



a SBIs LELS92i3, iamarks on the Apvroved eparatdons for 1622.



7.900), BB? 1082050, pre Gm, Md.



547(57), senbing of Revolutdoner of Kirke 0g Skolevacsonet fra

172 t4l 1862, Nongelige Mevolwtdon, Noweaber @, 1955.



9

9

1P(SC) » Diahy 1090-10, Naver te the Church end Fear Paste Acsoumte



"Q(s0), Dateembe trove thi Rirkevee og Fattigforatenderne

fer Ghrdetiausteds denske lutherske Kirke, 1 » Contract for the

Reparation of the former Outeh Seformed Ghurch, Christiawted. lereln-

after the incoming correspondence to the shurchwardems will be olted

Fn ee Sere ae oe em Seen Os See Se Se

ee ee eee ae



0), Kopibog for Christiansteds domske lutherske Kirke,

183076, Combcoion for the Restoration of lew Ghurch to Governcr

Goneral von Scholten, larch 1054. Sec o enfra, p: 652



Bon, tygntngstnepect irons Het



eruteog, Korresponmdancesrotokol

for Chpistiensteds Jurisdiction, 135c-4, pps 163, 175ae oreinafter



the report end correspondence jouwrnel of the building inspector will.

—— ae



a Pe 165 a Tw building, wal), wad lot were valued at

only ‘“ @, 4% compared to 2000 idie in 1650.



meuihe sve Se b0 femnd houy Me Diltas te L5Gerlélb, 1700

271 by L75a, 109e"186a,



‘Bocotie wid be found in Ray SBIt 18/2050, ppe 168, 10RLs» 19id's.

yeas Ol,



Fran 6 Suliding Inspector's fetimte for repaira te the Steeple

Building, Vebruary 2, 1052, cited by Gjossing, “Zepart + » « Restorat-

fon of the Uveuphe Building ,” Pe le



ig



From an ostimete by J, Je leyor for eawitructing 4 will around

the ro vekery and otorchowse, cited by Ojescing, Ubids, pe Sl.



galt Sager Mr, 2065 G42 leferatprotokel B pro 1866<67.

. The te Grodx avis, Uecomber 2, 1076, pe 2



ae pO Vd 108), Z7OVI 1804, 545 Vd 168i,

- a “Report » « « Restoration of the Steeple Suilding,”

Be "7

8



alterations are based on « statenent of dames “Lildume, chief Corpenter



80

Public Works Department, Ste Croix, porsomd interview, Ootever 16,

1996. Mrsiifiliome did mot work on the alterations personally, but

he took an interest in the wrk became he imew many of the men om



ployed on the job. |

B the conversion are fron the State-eut by

motatenent ty Mire Potor Thurland, Cabinetmmker, Christiansted,

De Croix» interview, Sotober Zi, 1986.



Tice of the building during this pried fe based on a State .

ae ‘onegete, former Administrator for [te Croix, per-



ata « Soveanber 15, 1995.

58

BA, Vegi Governor and Gounckl to the Divectors, duly 50,

17908 and DAs Vekeldt 175L, pps 522, lie

Pry , Vek Ventindieke Iuventarior! 174551 , of Dendsh



Sect India cmd Guinea Comamyte Property, Decemer 29, 1751.



&

Port or oi] of the G12 barrels of lime bought on *

5e 275M, axe beldeved 0 hee been used for plastering of the anverior

Walle. S00 BA, Velelidt 1752, pe 392.



in the 19th oantury. However, measurements given hereinafter wili

be in lish unless otherwise specified.



ec A

• 
• • , 
• 
• 
101 
• 
• • 
• 
• 
1, 
' 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• •

whth the design of the “Church of the Lord of Sebacth" vhich 4s on

exemple of @ *rotestant ehurch-type common to northern ‘rope in the

16th century.



86



‘Dido, Pe 170.



871,296), RB 1007185 ppe 50a, 57a.



aa TO SBIs 1615-2), “atimate of the Materiale Aoyuired to Paint

ali iocterdor Getes, Joors, and Windows, with Shutters end branes,

‘twloe with 041 Padut on all Public Budldings in “hristiensted, “ep-

tember 10, 1421¢ and ibid., ldct of the Gates, Doors, and Windows

pedated in 1623. —T



Fan, mane 1823324 pe 6b.

Min, RAKE 1832LA, pe 160d.

a . Peetokel for Carnisonshaandvaerkerne i



By |

Christiansted » 181O-l6, entry dated April 22, 1012, mepes hereinafter

this volume will be cited as Mi, See also MA, SHIs oDpe Wh f.



7236), XB 1P9O-1B06, De 9Tb.



93 ;

LO(ST) , RB? 160B<12, me pe (entry is Gated dune 20, 1609)s

ond LAASC), abe 180718 » Dpe 30a, 370. .



Thee esther one of the exterior doors to the steeple itedf had

been meant, the wording of the tii] should have been Giferant, since

these doors face eact end west, Perhape it should be pointed cut that

the building ie setually oriented in @ northeast-southweot direction.

However, the ternimology ured in the church accowtte ani records of

the building inspector indicates that contemporeries thought of it as

lying simply in an eastewest direction, ani the writer hag retained

this usage for the cake of convenieme,.



th» ROK 1G625—525 pe 17d.

LP(BT) g RBI 1700-895 pe Ga.

LSC)» KDI 1GO716, pe LH.

LA(ST), 8Bt 1780-09, pe 15zb.

LP( SC)» RBS 1790-1806, pe 65a.

Bilge s pee IT, 120a.



SSR



8 3

102

BA» Vgllelds 1752, pe 119s ‘olghts given for hardware probebly

shoulg not ‘ve akon too Literally, for 4 40 poscille that

indioste the wright of iron used by the blackasith ami not

of the finished product.



We Ades De 172,



103 (st), MGs 1780-89» po 12%,



10k, 50), RBs 17901606, pe B9e



109, (36), SDSLO07H18 De 37ue



walt BBY 178009» pe Sb.

Thid. » pe 12ib.



108, 34 5¢), HBS 1807185 pe 37a

109)... Vekmldt 17592, pps 5597, Wile eight is in Denish pounds.



440250), RBt 1790-1006, pe 6500



st (50), NBt 107-18, pe 39d.



Me raids Pe bei



13 p(80), AB? MG-22, ppe Wa, 7ib.

*¥ 4 p(oc), be 179061806, pe 5b.



il

Arias, pe Fa.



yates pe 15d.



18 or), BB’ 1760-895 pe 152b.

119

HA, Vek~lidt 1752, ppe 267, 512. the weight of the bara cited

is giveh fn Runteh peuiee Bere ove stil) commonly used in the islands

Ser securing hurricene shutters from the inside.



120, 50), RBs 1790-1806, pe 65a. Although this entry ie in

Suglish, it is virtually Uilegible.

121 4a.



a tiedlietioal

• 
• 
• • 
~~ 
·• 
• 
• 
• 1 7 • 
• • l 
1 ~- • 
J 
• 
• 
, 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•

• 17'b. 
, . . 
• 
• 
• 
• u . 
•1 
AA.• SB a 
) . ·;, 
, 
• 
• • • 
• 
• 191 ••

-—



164



Inspector's Retimte for kepairs to the Militery



Bekery end boll Tower, Fooruary 2, 1891, cited by GJjeaning, “Report » + «



Restoration of Steeple fuilding »" pe li.



164, , Sager Wire BOGS til Referatprotoko’ B pro 1866067, Build



‘Ohelierup to the Governor of the Denish feet Indian



Islends, duly 7, 1065,



Matemat by Povor Shurlend, personal interview,



G6), RBS L7OO"LG0G, pe 1éGas and WA, ‘DI+LOQ9-W, ppe 191 f.



JLoces of shoot lead ware used for the cover of the heteh



amd



sheets for the roof.



168



Tthid., ‘tho hurricanes of suguet 2627, 1625, ami August 17,



1627,» both demagod the lead coverings soe MA, Halt 162532, ppe



Ae SBTt LBB, pe 206,



17, , cagor tir, 2083 tl Referatprotoko’ 8 pro 1866-67, Bublé



ing



Sehellerup to the Governor of the tenish West Indien



17h 80), Ris



179091806



Ti, en circ vensbenh thee



copper deck plates weighing



some



Denish



some of these plates were used to cover the sight woden bells mde



te ornament the steeple om the copper bali for the spire cannot be



However, 46 ic cartain thet 6) plates were not rewired



to



" the tower alone, The possibility tet the entire cupola we



eled with copper hac Leon considered, inasmuch as Mainton's work is



devsoribed in wandch as "betalt Megeren Meinton for at beslas Taarnet



med Kobber.” Hosever, there fe no evidence in subsoqient church ac-



eounte or in iliustrative materials to indicate that the ow



Was



over Glad with copper.



i72



475



Infra, pe 109.



SEP&s PRs 108, 11, 112 ff.



VT, | sts 1850/9), Betimate of the se:nirs Aequired to the



toople, duly 2B, 14.



: LAC SC)» BBO 179081806, pe 1iBas



76



Pn? Pe



178



LAC), RDS 1790-1806, pe Lida.



RAs Ahk 1825652, pe 107m.



*P Ase), RBt 1790-1806, pe 97.



87



_—

LAC), BBS 1LG07~18, pe Fa.

1ER 4 3), SB 17901806, pe lia.



18 tas o De O7b.

18



Ibe

5 o.a,, pe es



RA, SHIt 1Gls2y, Homarke on the Approved Repairs, 1822,

187 ;



wen? BOK LEGS—ih» pe Tha.

189



Inspector's Eatimte for -epeire to the Military

tekery ond S211 lover, ‘ehraxry ee a! » sited by Gjeaving, “Heport » »

Restoration of Steeple a

3

90 ty ?



M06), we 1790-2808, Pe 135.

— RB 1O0J18, pe 195d) ami HA, GBIO LGig~90, pe 206.



193 Rides enh Rh, RAED 1ERRHl pe TH, aud BA, coger Mr. SON



9h, 50), IDE 1790-1806 De 12808 LAO)» 1» 180710, De L9H

Bhs = Wr, 2003 til Leferaterotoke] § pro 1666-67.



16 ras, Phe Te, 77d.

FF ns Redgere euspiied "6 laryve lemgbolt to go through the

balls” which weighed 6) 5/% pounds,

i

ia BARS LER5-352y pe Wa.



720), RBt 1790-1006, pre Wa, 100, 1550. ee or altere

ations had to ce mde to the clock in the following yours ave ibdds,

Pe Lp3d-



sae SEIt 161990, pe 206.

RA, 496 Vd 100. Your new white~painted glace faces, with

im east iron fremes were aleo supplied by clociamker

Dertvam Larcen of Gopenhacen.



Sth She Groh Aves Haxch 2h, 1919.



2» catenents by Kesers. Peter Timwlend and dasen WAlideme,

peraomal intervicus.

L(G), Bae 179001806, Pe 1550. lutvell supplied 113 tiles



for the platform ond steps. However, the chureh purchased on addit-

Gaedt bak tthae tae’ taba vubvese in Angert , Leptesber, and Jotober



§



17963 Abide, pre l0darb.



Be td. . pe Bas



Tay OBEY LELielhy Yetonte of | Lepaire ioyuired to the Danish

Latheren Gurch, Sebruery 29, 1618.



ae

Beige» det of the Gates, Doors, and Windows Painted in 1025.



RA, SBE Hgtimte of Repelre to ani Yellow Painting

of the Masonry of the dandeh Ghureh end Tower y July 27, 2ljLe



OU wade» De USlpd.



. Meas, , De 7900 The weight of the spire we 51¢ pounds.



5 4s pe TM.



Mad. 5 pe Te. these volts weighed slightly more than

a



B00 Me NT the tell for striking the quarter

ws ML Pa after the installation of the new clock in



ose otherwise specified, all informetion concorning furni«

shings end accessories are derived from the aumel inventorice of

ne Steane Oanae anata ane 2700-09. passies and LF(S),

LPUSG), Dilag ved Eirkens og Fattighasoens Regnekabd, idet of the

Ornanente, G06., of the Denieh lutheran Church,



217

Infra, Be 98.

ett) ae 180718, pe Sa.

Dds, pe Sim. |

221

I oe LGZG=52» Pe 9d.

| Boe.

223



790-1806 » pe & new look was bought ain 1015

LM8C), KBs 180718, pe Ons ,



Gtk, , VgH-RIDS Govamner und Geusll to the Diresters,

17523 ond BA, Veiiedmerikensk og Afrikensk Kopibogt 175294, pe Lil.



PP ng Ste Croix avis, “ugwt 20, 1891.



206, ov. Lose “idrose Dolivered 25, 168),," & i

seta, staat scenes on July 254 108s," The Ste Grote |



227 X50), Bt 100718, pe Wb.



226

Tllustratdon fice 16 Ojesning, “Report » « + Restoration



of the Stecple Huflding.” Iventification of silversmith's mark

Ce Loulee Avery, Guwator, Metropoliten Museun of art, Mow York ,

ot Mire GJossing*s request.



Pray was probably August le Hbbepen, who we s churelmrden



at the time,

991296), RD 100718, pe Sls |

nn, Vgketds 1793 » Be 200.

as TT De ig2.

Fcc), RBS 1807918, pe 25a.

23 
• VgK• 
r 
k o A 1ka 
Kopibogt 17 . •54• P• 1601 
an 
• Vgl-lJa 
17~:, • P• ' 44. 
35 
I 17 
0) .t 
2,6 
2-,7 ( 0) 
22--,0, P• 116b. 
The ourt 1n 
in front o · t 
• 
2; 
), 
1n 
1 1 l 
yal 
t 
wnrd Ill 
e D 
lfh Lu 
Church 1 
239 • VgK-NJa' 1752. PP• 426. ~. 
21-> 
i • • P• ,57 • l.126, !J.0. 
241 (so)• 
a 1 01-1 
~ 
26b • .5 b. 
21.,2!.P( ' ) , R 1 178 
, P• 56 • 
~LP(o),D 
1162 
'.Lttot:t 
2~. 
1 l 
3•32, 
o 96~. 
245 
• 
•e 
, P• 121 • 
• 
C), 
,1 
he curt 1na. 
249 14., 
P• 1 
250 Ibi., 
.15. 
251LP( 'O), 
• 1 7 .. 1a, 
P• 26b.} 
252aA 
• Vg - Jal 753 , • 00. 
53 
, • 68 . 
91 
ilk rib 
n 
b. 
nt to t e 01 uroh• 
d, 
e 
wiry 
11 , 1820. 
_ 1n 1a30. 
r1 
1 were

oy



254



Paso



x30), RBt 1807-18, pe Sim.



256



= IBAIH0» Pe Sane



Or BAMe» De 13%



BA, Rieke



omi LP(SC), Tis ne ye 2 Contract



for the ieperation of the



rmer Dutch Keformed



LA(S6), Kt 1607-20, ve Tia.



the church paid 7.4) Mile. “te repair the bell in the Fort”



in 3765. it OREN TREE s 0» 4, NevhenAna OF Gy SHEED Balt



ings" pe



ee vp. 79a, lise,



)o Breve Fra Ghristiansteds



oe Ben nee in,



pas sm at



Churchwercens to the imyel “est Indian



Goverment , Hoven



ee on



ber 2s, 10175 ond RA, SBI? 1815-2), Bw



ee Sy OR Se ee



e Po Beck to the Hoyal Vest Indian Gevermaat, august 20,



1626.



HS



Statewnt of Janos Wilideme, personal interview



M6. igs ve 1782.



267



LP(ST) , RB? L7BO689, pre Fibs 30d.



266



Biides pe Bp.



ZbAd+» pe G7a-



Bihde, vps Ga, 9b, Ib.



Bers pe 88a.



PP Tukd. » pe 10d



Pix 00), RB 179091806, pe Ga



a7,



TBidso YPe Gib» Fo-

TtAS » pe 27a.



2 Pe Ba,



bad.» De 155



Thad.» pe Gib.



abides pe Wo.



Was pela 1670066.0



yerd with a



the some ami the church, ani other omall



Rdds. for “emlowing the church



reparations therowlth"s



sw dita,



Pe 178a,



a2



viele ami Labor for York at the Gld fandsh



BA, ROR) 163291, pe O6bs and mi, Pas



185540, 8411 of Mate-



Church from March 1e31,



3



WA, RGR 1052-18, Fe 160d.



Date



BO rads, pe Ma.



OO tdes De 3600



287



letimte for Con:



ond “torghouse, March 16, 1893, of



ted



Kestoration of the Steeple Building



os et oes



Daa,



 etdes pe Slb.



-



ae



Bide Pp. Glide Sia.



“8 90) , RB 179091806, pps 5a, Ga, Ou.



Prd. , Be 9b.



@ Be 195b.

-· 
). 
• 
• 
" 
• 
" 
• 
• 
" 
• 
• 
• 
t 
• 
• 
• 
• 
), 
• • • 
• 
• 
I 
• 
• 
• • 
• 
•

~~ 
. 
~ 
~ 
~-
C,-z,~ ~.JH~/133/ 
~----
... , 
·• 
•

SeeJ>,13 °~ 
iJ ~"" t. Go~ 
ca1r--ec...J.,r~ 
Thi, ''"" t,f fh-e nc1("Pt:JY-
4nd -1-~r/n t1f C/Jl'1Sfld11~fecl 
""4$ 
qf4wf/ 
b~ Lie .,+ene1,,+ />efe'{' /.,orey,fi.e11 S+, 
bo /../-t:1r,nml 
F;. i,,.-u 013 / 7 :,S", 
. 
u1 e 
our 
, 
~ 
. l. --
k 
. ti.bolt.I 
~~~. 
t, 
9 
•

iiiiilllS 
\ 
I 
I 
ro_ , 
o l ( 
'135, 
t rcolr,r 
· 
, 
":;1<etck h~ ~-fer L. S-f, bofJ-
97

J 
-
L 
l :f 
1 
::;.....-........ 
. ..... 
~ 
....... 
• • . .?~·;-;·+-;•:.:;+P-'f;.. 
7 
J 
f•.,. 1.:!:~~ 
J ... 
/ 
7

This drawing of the altar for the "Church of the Lord

of Sabacth” bears the signature of Johan Vilhelm ‘chopen and.

wat sent to, the Directors of the Danish West India and Guinea

Company on dune 22, 1752, with the request trat the directors

have a painting made for it in Copenhacen. The church received

the requested painting in 1753; according to later accounts it

depicted the Grucifixion of Ghrist. The painting no longer

exists, but the altar is still in use in the present Lutheran

church in Christiansted,



's drawing is virtually a direct copy of the baroque

altar designed by Christopher Yarselis for the chapel of Frederiks-

berg eae. Gopenhacen, Denmark, during the major renovations

of 1 e



Pig. 3. — Drawing of the altar for the "Church of the

Lerd of Sabaoth" by Johan Vilhelm Schopen. 1752. Fron the original

in the Rigearkivet, Copenhaven, Dersark.



98

Na Fina



See



a



ti



te



eal



2)



Bs



eae ENIEESE Sn I eS rEO VTS



a



fin



i,



Wd



ae



\ f



—



tr



——



~ AR



° teh



——



=



“4



\¥



SS



Lg



a



)



AX



veh



ee



e



=



“a



P—.



,



{"



¢@



Dae



i



-_



Cy



Mio



RE SSS



ee



a i eee



+ i



he



i



pit



\\



|



ie



,



wy)



iy



fal



ee aainiael



rr



ASE ne CY



ial



ar



pees



ri



i}



ee



= =o oon



rire



oa



]



Be



oss



1S



ae i



aif



fae



ag



i os



4



a



vf



Sy oe



ra



“se



&



by a



ane



>



La



_



ix



Eg,



Ba



xs



_



Vi teo



bw?



Ke.



N57



cot



med



(ie 2



va



~_



oie



v7



a



Testa



i



Ts,



say



a



is



te abe



pra



i ee



hae



jij



apt



me



AS



may



Fak!



Ge



gat



4]



eM



iz



vi



=



1 te



fe,



4



‘9



>



be |



ms



he



we



a



it



ies



cat



ia



tat,



ye



+t



AR



ae



Lk



tee



uf



hi



=!



———_



————



——



—



a



==



—



a



5s



—



=

lf



=



—_



————



a



a



hc



ee



en!



~



if



hed



~_



ae



ae



ae



nn RR cL a a a ae Ld



z



~~



i



<4



iat



{/



\ f



uA



my + mt



i



—



7



—



\)



——



\ Bb



)



Li /



yo



iy



SS



Mat: f



Se en



ane



i



STS Se



.



Sas



Seamer ares



i



J



_



os



aad



\



ET



any



‘a



Che mr bam



on



oe ed Eee



=e



=



ns



Semennre: PERCE



7%



|



| ee



ae i



——



-_



Pas



oF



a



+e



=



~



i



a}



»*



es



A



4S



ot



‘1



iy



ee



2



othe



re



br.



*



nts.



watt



acai



a



at



rd



pee A



aaa



Te



PNG



ite



srt



Hy.



A



"



tee



oe if



wy:



*



ii



a



—



———



—



ae



ae



ee



—— ae



a



wy



ee

by



£



iv



i &



i



lu



This



is the ®arlies



Chria ans



ted, which a



t known Plen of



St. Croix



drawn b



&f



ppears as 9



nm ines



the tow or



in]



3eck arcund L75



On & map of



4 and printed



ePribe



The “teeple



Building is



®oproxima



Gin the le



fend as



located at *



D® and is des.



Ly 82 fest b



theran Cy



urch,



Siaple



Sitrance is



Y 3. fee



t,



English heasur,



It ne@sures



buildin



Re



Note tha



Shown on the



von pany



and a



&Pehouse*.



woe |



t the Chureh



ii



Street gs



ide of tire



th the *So.



© opposite Gide of 6



Ompany



treet,



y



o



on & Map of og



‘lan off ¢)



e 4OWn OF



Ghaysd



in the “ap Col



+ Groix by :



« A,



wok



Gh stiansted,



Inset



-6¢tion,



Library of ¢



* & 1753,



12)



es,



‘POR &@ Cony



‘shington, De C.



99



—,



i ka



—

Ska.la 
ti[ beqqe Grundf~ni':Yer. 
~--
---
• .1 
, 
•• 
, 
--
I l TEGNING-
' over 
Byen 
CHRISTIANS T.£D 
paa, 
Eylandet sr CROIX, 
· Jaa:vd den allerede 
er 6e6_y.3t. 
A 'Iiorlre/ef. 
B 'Ior,;ec. 
C 'JJitto. 
D 'JJm..Lui:ter.sk.e ¼'ke. 
E Corn.pC13nieu l'a-kluu.u. 
,.F 'Iht G-a--rrik 'JJitto-
/ 
G-7'Ve;;~rboen,. 
H Comp°:f!".liu.u.r 3/13i~.;1',.fll 
\_ 
LDi.l:to ,if (}rwubnuur. 
Ii. Co "3/70-J' 
sm.i.delii,,u..r. 
L "R.e!:tecf!:ad.ec. 
Kirfc.~aa..rden. 
N :Broen,. 
0 En. .Murec'lJrynd. 
P 7Je1'-E~fce"JG,rke. 
Q 7J='lleform.ore7eirle. 
R.-Y~er~~-
S'Di.io. 
· Wind Julu. 
• K'!Jk.M,;f.u.. 
--- .C.a.ruu 
WgL.

dulius von Rohr was a surveyor and chief building

inspector for %%. Croix and probably drew this plan of

Christiansted in the 1760's.



Tt shows the “Lutheran Church” et "b" with a hip

saddle roof. The building measures approximately 90 feet

by 30 feet. Note that the church lines up with the ware~-

house *e" on the “yng side of Company Street and alse

that there is still no indication of an enclosure arcund

the building or grounds.



von Rohr. ¢.1760's. From the original in the Rigearkivet,

Copenhagen, Denmark,



100



On a et tt en at soe et nin iti i ll is cei temas et eran Rs se ~

~ .. 
...-_ 
,t ,..._ u1 
~-~ ii 
~ 
.~,, . 
-;? 
! 
.. 
..J I

This is a section of an undated drawing of Sunistiansted

by Chief Suilding Inspector Julius von Rohr. The drawing was

made between 1757 and 1771 and most probably around 1765.



pa a at iat a nt Neen ie ae SO



The “"lwnish Church" is shown at "9", From ite relation-

ship to Fort Christianavaern, which appears-to the left of the

chureh in the full drawing, there is little doubt that this is

tne Steeple Muilding.



The church is shown with a hip saddle roof which appears

to cone down behind the walle of the building. Three openings

are visible on the Coapany Street side of the building and one

opening appears on the east end toward Hospital Street. There 4

also appears to be a door to the right of the third opening

facing Company Street.



This drawing is probably fairly reliable in view of von

Rohr's occupation. Hcwever, in the ligut of physical evidence

concerning the west end wall of the clureh, it is questionable

whether the building only had one window in the end wail toward

Hospital Street.



Pig. 6. — Sketeh of Christiansted, St. Croix, by Julius

von Rohr. ¢c.1765. Partial view fron an engraving in the Royal

Library, Copenhagen, Dennark,



a a ee eee _— eee er eee Se ee ee



lol



eM ee cll



D

Sa



—



ene



er



——



—



<a



ee



satin



—



——$—————



a



———————r



=



=



—-



=



—-



———



weer



a



—



ate,



De



ree 9



$



rea ==



fed



a8



OT Sheas



apt?



ie



ix



——



SE pn ene



-



Fm >



—_



ee



ae,



igo



=



t<



Fei



e



:



Ws



is



eek,



P*



ar



ath



ae



ic



=



=



on



5, Sos



eee



me



Sai.



oa.



aa



net



2



—



i



= es



ae



ot



< ay



ae =



boat



ue



a



Jy



8



eres



‘e



ve



ay



hb



hp



35



|



35



4



rie



a



int yf



as



ad



2)



ee



2



ee



aS.



>



et



eae



om



ae



se



ye



wo



weet



>



Cs



i ees



ae



se



“ir



a



~



-



"aS



=



ol



®



Seu



tr



Bee,



st



Ane



-



aes



en



=



a



son



as



=



te



ie



ie



i



ar



>t



oe ed



Je



a



ee



Soh te



a



Cage



a



pie



ae.



Pir



fi



a



%



aed



‘ceteap



my



Ae



—



—



sy



e



Pr



§



eee



are



oe



oa



_—



——



Sr



=.



ee



-



=



tant,



NN



LS 2



ee



+h



te



Ss;



>



€



sa4)



a



oe



tae



fe,



one



ar



mz



a



- ee



ey



ae



a



=



4%



“a



(iis



=.



oo



a



a



SNe



eT



ee



Spee



bad



a



i)



=



_ a



eee



8



thy



Ses



am |



eA



—



eet a



Os



ey



oe



$=



ys



t



x,



| toe 8



aay



—



Op



re



we



fe



ad



Sry



AeA



=m



ed



se



on’



by



ie te,



Ws



a



z



4



e



Me



ee



<4



——s



Ss



@



oH



a



=



otc



a



=



Gor



>



We



—————



——S—



=



oe



=



SSS



—



——



ap



my



-_



—



Se



|



= ee =



a



—=——=



—— —s



SS



Ss =



———



At



—



—————



== SE



—



SS = =|



—-—



SS



<==



SSS SEE =



—S>==—



a



_«



a



=



===



>= -



ov



——————



i



ae



FOS



———



=|



—



——————.



D



——



{Toa



i



¢



—



a oe



=~



a Fy



So



Oooo



ae a a eG



———=



a



—==



7 a



————=——



——



AS



oe



te



——



—



=



= ae oe



SS



Ba



ee



Ay



ke



—



a»



——S=>



i



ie &



==



er



oS



i



ee



yz



Pees



=



oe



—————_—_—____—__—



————



=~



eS



—



———$———



SaaS SS



2. o.



—————S SSS



————



————————S———SSSSSSS=



J



a



i



%



=~



a



te,



SSS



ss



Ris



—S



| oa



WS



33



——=



—



Ar



oh



STs



Ss.



at



ae



<=:



“>



>



EY



SSSES



ty



~~



~ hee



=



a,



=



&s



+2



—



=e



—



oS



a



eS



aps:



as



my



<>



—s



~~



LS



—S



SS



SS



SS



SSS SS



——



SS



Poe



taken



—



SS



a



a



SSS



=



Ss



=>



=~



ss



—_



>



——



04N/Feai era siaEEe)



E



= SS



—



wane wee

Thie view of Christiansted, dated April 15, 1768, was

draw by Christian ©. A. Oldendorp and appears in his listory

of the Moravien Church in the Danish West Indies (Geschichte



der “iesion der schen Grider auf den caraibisehen tnseln

St. Thowas, ot. t. Jan).



The “Lutheran Church" is located at "i" end is shown with

five roundheaded openings on the Company Street side and two on

the Church S¢reet end (not visible in this reproduction) of the



Zhile the location of the Steeple Building with respect to

the fort "¢" seens relatively correct, the appearance of the

fort leade one to question seriously the validity of structural

details. ‘“foreover, enphasis in the dreawing is on the Moravian

Mission in the foreground.



Fige 7. — View from Fredensdal from the West by Chrietian

0. A. Cldendorp, April 15, 1768. From a copy of the engraving

in the Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark.



ope oR ne ay

nee Sete



ty



—



a nn



SCRE RSI



a



=e



=



Ss



a



ere



“=



oe



BS -4



we



a



we



~



“



oy



*



>



rpm,



ex



Se Fe



Ay Se



ee



mon



ex



bes



oe



mene



iyi.



re



ap &



Pa



Abd



oe



Ss



cag XS



=



-



Li a



nant



bi



-



x



+.



ra



.



aes



hat



oe



Pre



ae



a4



ba



ee



4



=



ee



Fe Fe



aS



<a



=



ix



$e



=



ee



ate ar



%



ae



“-



Haves Ws



hd



4



ae



ee



Fas



le



Pe ae



=o



ae Pes



&<:



ts



tA



oy.



aa



+



hee ake



ad



a



ue



ae



“2



=e



9



ve



ae



a



a



ae



Fg a2 ate



Fx



a



Mi



Bay:



+ ae



Se.



oe



eS



ts



shy)



pe



es



ay



ey



us



a



ee



i



“se



‘2A



re



A



we



sea



agree



te



te



is



i]



eds 2E



Tae



‘st



ae



fl



<<



ane



e



mak



2



&



=



he



se



¥>



yee



Po



=



aly



>



ya



~«



poe



a



ate



os



a



pt



Be



= 4



Es



oad



ox



—



ee omy



St Bhp lee



ii



tae



aie ee



wks



oh



a



.



Se



aa



tag t ©



~~,



ae



>.



=



ae



“7



+



av



am



eit”



Ws



i



%.



Tey



of



oy



fuer >t



=e



s



—



“at



ot ae we



fare



i &



-. ¢



~~



age



ro



= 2



oF



ele al



te



ate



5 ain a



~



~ >



oR



Sricdersde:



~



-



fy



> Ahh



fh



ho



/



@.*



Port. 4. 2



perfor mrt a



<td



OL? Likh



hor tr



te



Lae



ad.



ih



ye



tg



fe



© At



”



~



Ltk: A » Le



de



vaaree . O



Olas acker



or



fe



ger x



ea #



“||



yy



om



hol



—



4 — ——



es



=



—



=



—~



_

yy



at



This unsigned plan of Chrietiansted wan drawn in 1779



by Peter Lotharius Oxholn, a military engineer who was sent



to the Denish West Indies in 1777 to inspect the fortifica-



tions and other defenses of the islands.



The plen shows the "Danish chureh” on the site of the



& e Suilding, and it measures approximately 75 fect by



25 feet according to the scale, The grounds sean to be



enclosed by a fence and measure about 100 fect by 100 feet.



Pig. 8. — Plan of Christiansted, St. Croix, by Peter



Lotharius Oxholm. 1779.



From the original in the Aigsarkivet,



Copenhagen, Denmark.



103



|

——



aN



Sa



hice



tee:



A



ry



|



was drawn



This plan of the wharf area of Chrictiansted



4



by 1, Oxholm te



in connection with a



Saard" to the wharf.



proporal to open Hospital “treet through



the "Konwelige Proviant



Note the similarity between this plan and



The Steeple Suilding=-"Kirken



“eaiiGasures approxinately



$2 feot by 21 fect, while



the enclosed grounds measure about



58 fect by 72 feot.



Tne scale of the plan is inaccurate in the



light of other reliab



le evidence which



indicetes thet both the



building end grounds were considerably



lerger,



C.1786, Prom the



“harf Area, Christiansted, %t. Croix,



&; Potey L, Ochaln



Denmark.



original in tie Rigearkivet,



1G ON »



10h



|



i etre



ees ae



=



es



Sears

17 
/ ,.t-lJIYf -
~J 
-, 
. 
·~~-
J~// 
. 
' 
~ 
, 
.~

i



of Christiansted is from a map of



Lotharius Oxhelm in 179) and printed



meine



i



plan ‘serves to confim the location of the



pai



the corner of Company and liospital



in area indicated by a cross).



eee



ber



7%



Saha



ue



map of °t. Croix by Peter L. Oxholm. ¢.179h.



from @ copy



in the “ep Collection, Library of Congress, ‘ashington, 1.0.



Eee



oe



——-



ain



at



=



y

hl 
... 
... 
:~£-·. 
'·t 
./'\: 
~-
,.ff~ 
\t\;L 
·lro;· 
.==-~,~:·
I 
"' . 
..~(·

Henrik Oottfred Seenfeldt is known to have been a

lieutenant in the Danish ‘est Indian Amy on 5t. Croix from

1790 to 1797. Whether his departure for Copenhagen in

February of the letter year was merely on hone leave or a

permanent departure fron the island is not known. However,

it is know that he was o drawing instructor and lan

a in Copenhagen prior to his death in trat city on July 10,



This colored drawing of Christisnsted is undated but is a

companion piece to Figure 12, which is dated 1815 and was else

drawn by feenfeldt. "oth drawings are so crude and inaccurate

that it is to be wondered whether “eenfeldt drew thes from menory.



The Steeple “uilding ie the yellow building behind the fort

and the parading soldiera. It is shown with a simple cupola atop

the roof, despite the fact that documentary evidence indicates

that the building had a seperate and genuine steeple on the

Company Street dide at this time. Yoreover, Scenfeldt ie incon~

sistent in showing a hip saddle roof on the building in this

drawing while showing a simple saddle roof in Figure 12, Note

also that the grounds are enclosed with ea masonry piller and

piexet fence, but that thie enclosure is auch larger and dows

not extend completely around the building as in Figure 12.



Fige 11. ~— Sketeh of Chrictiansted, 5t. Croix, by Henrik

Settfred Seenfeldt. ¢.1815. Fron the origine) colored drawing

in the Rigsarkivet, Copenhagen, ‘emark.



106

—



=



—



—————



—



eee ee ad



—



— es



—



=



aon



=



—



ieee



Ae



ee



———



— a —



St ve



ans



—



————



—



— ———



=



—————



SSS



~



aa



———



SSS



SS



vr *,



Pn >



pate



~~



ow es sa



\



=m



~P OE



sr



bal



=v oe



—



a a



i -



bee



a



<>



bad



Yee eet



inns: Dhl



yw



sil Soa)



4



a



os



aN



oa oN



ag,



ry)



RY



«z



=. =



A oie



—



re



ot F



eo.



Cae:



é



(onl %



at



ry



sees ae



«**



1A



rm FT



eae



=



- .u



~z



—_——



ney:



nt hme



oe se Sg



2a Ty Soe



ae



mutt



—



-



ini



Vie



At,



an?



and Ara)



ee



i,



im



2



VF.



~



“a



THT



rf



x ’



ay



2



Spt)



he 4



aun



ne



Fra 2



im



i



fF



it



,il



os



ys



owl



a



a



‘



ay



{4



att 7



\,



4



Nh



he



¥



3



i



VS



4



~



a4



nA



4a



wy S



y



x 4%



$



UB ft



1,



6



woe")



2D



if



te



jhmt



iz)



Aig Pasian, beg



af is



if



i



(fh



oF



uae



as



ahh |



a =



Wye



+g



~s



= %



Be [ved



A -



1 an



i



ad



‘



¥



Ae



am



Sao



me



+ ES



a.



ak.



=e



rs



ae



—



sty



i



f



ao



===,



er,



Ze



‘Se



I~



» %



* on,



ee



—-



——_



ee



i



aie



a



Je<



~~



ee



_



se



<



—



<<



-—



cA



a



=



=e



—>



oe



=<



Sagat



tac



—



——s +



eee we.



me



54



a



os



Ce ee



pee



ae



on



<<¢



Se



PE ees



—



eg ae



»



— »



pa



Al



<a



es)



are



Aisi



"bad



—



Lm |



meee J



ce hy ea



z..



a



ft



fs



ru



SE. Im, rt



re



1.44 1° ee



——e tap



-~



-«



a



a



—_ —



a=



Peed



ie



ee



>



<<



as



ae



pd



om



ee



__



—



a, ee,



Pon



*



Lf



_—<



ay



Be» SF



ed



ao



c=



—



—



go



a



Ld Th



Ded



Wh



W



—



toe



fe »



on



a



——



Faden afta



rm 2



oom



a



mM



(2



AE ee



“9



en



~~



—



Vv



pean. OE



rm AB ee



Ke



on



ee



i



HO



i=



ft



Oe



an



Pivza samen”



a pt i



2



a. ential



om om



<—=



a



ae ame



a



——



» ee.



y a



—



gee



POOR a i”



Ss



=-



—



a



eee



=, Pa



——



e



a



Sag i oe



eee a



<4



=)

urch" 1 
lo 
ri 
ht. 
ity 
, 
:, 
:, 
• 
x, 
l c lo:r d 
• 
7

=



SE



—



—_——



——



—



——



—EEE



mn



a



ee



a



=



ee



———,



——



———



Sete sent EME



ns



—



—



Ey



some



—



_



x seme 2a



ee



———_



—



——



=



—



=



ae parnfeine esa



—_



——



ae



al



at



an



1 9



bee ——



ie



of



?



ra



ay



x ho



van



i



ye



3,



e



4



—



Ve



La



— ¥ F <7



Mee



=



te oe



ae



~<a



i



Ti



Bn



ns



ot



a



i am



Ms



my



BLY, be



a



ROA



#



NGA — ft



o



ap. a>



g’:3°2



tet



a



wes



sg



*%



af



OP oe



“a Mt.



ee



|)



oo



t



'-



—



44%



)



a



+ 8



aS



Mw



t+



~~,



a



S|



4



te



i!



iN



wer I



uae



bp a



a be



ib



aa



rh



Rint



i Be



a og ad



3



ke +



ae



Mi



tT



|



tbat



m



r



se



A=



amen,



-_



ERE RR



Ag+



"feo



1915 es 9 me, em



MA



—



e



———————



—



Yoofacried of AG prcenfaldl 1918



——



—_



he dC c0t8e Wendin me /



Sek Coed MSVREN , 2 danse Sane Le Fromant=sansden 4 Webersoden 5 5d. suyes I, we Vaoern



Pal 7} bs



still 4mg of Weel neue



J--



forec nee



9 covita Aig: Dat: MO Sald (om



ud. I Haies med 4 Dotig: 12 Aarmonien.13 Baron heions His 4. Nladwels Heats



de '7 4 Tagen 3. op hae Sreede: I cells



=



~w *



“-



1



| ir Pe



—



Jf.



7



ed



-



Pet



,

ts original painti 5 by Christiansted shows

only the upper part of the tower of Steeple Buliding and

perhaps a Stiall section of the roof of the usin body af the building.

iusediately behind the towers



Taig is the first reliable view of the Steeple after its °

corstruction in 179406. wept for the slight difference in the |

shape of the cupola atop the Steeple it seems to be virtually the

gase as the existing Bote that there is no indication of

the preserce on the Steeple of the eight ornamental copper-clad

balis mentioned in the church construction amountse —



a



Fige 13 «= Painting of Christiansted, St. Croix, by lis Pe Thorafte L625.

From the original in the Trade and Shipping "useun at Kronborg Castle,

Elsinore, Dermarhte



;

108 |

| ‘

TAY



ry



YY



Y



so



“



IN



pg



Cs



[



: il I)



fix



\\



\\\ hi



\}



i



]



Yi



iN



v



Vy



Ye)



ad



SS



GRE



id



%



=



LEZ



=



ZY



a



Mi



ce roe



ry



ee oS



—_ =



ie



Slavrnen



Z



CENRL



LFF 6



J,



Wy



Ugg



eee



te

—



— =



ame



Otte's drawing of Christians of which this is only



a secti



was engraved and pribted in Lf



ard was therefore



probably drawn no later than



It shows onl



the



% part of the tewer of the



Steeple Buildings



The cupola



the tower



to have a



very curious



on or spire at its peak when compared with



the cupola shawn in Figure 13¢



Figure 1h «« Sketch of Clwistiansted, St. Croix, by Ne Pe Uttee Ce 1030,



Partial view from a copy of the engraving in the Royal Library, Copentmgeri,



1



Denmarlie



en

Th. Christian Sabroe is known to have made a voyage to

the Danish Nest Indies in 1835 as captain of the Flensborg

ship “Vesta”. This date fits the internal evidence of the

drawing, even though it was not engraved until 1839.



The Steeple Building is situated at the extrene left in

this section of the engraving, with just a corner of the north-

west bastion of Fort Christiansvaern showing at the left.



Three tiers of the steeple of the building sre shown; and,

except for the exaggerated shape ef the cupola, it resenbles

the existing steeple in virtually all details. A portion of

the roof of the main body of the building is apparently visible



to the left of the steeple.



Fig. 15. <= Sketeh of Christiansted, St. Croix, by

Th. Christian Sabroe. ¢.1835. Partial view from a copy of



the engraving in the Royal Library, Gopenhagen, ‘ennark.



110

—



=



—_



——



———



—_—~-



SE,



ay



a



ee



—



ae



—=



— ee



i Son



pe



=.



tn



~~



—



a



~



nae



———



eee



—



==



———



—



a



ay



|



"



Pes



i



~



SAG



vad



t



‘.



wy



ghar



<M



v



ee



a



=



gy,



aa



yak,



See



aes



x



so



aap



ed



ein PA



Os ott



ax



i



e"



pr



iy



}



ieee



har



fe.



vis



ok



a



ard



at



ae



ans



St)



“3



52



Rak



ao



ats



ie



ie



aut



Car:



res



tS



een



“we



wf



“95



wane,



Choe



see



we



ee



ee



5.



ae



re,



geet



x



(



yy



sw



wi



nae



=



oy tts



=



ea



Re,



_



a



ay



hes)



hs



tg



Rr



SSLe



ae



Snifts



Es



a



Ca



Sie,



a



o



oy



Th



Weak



rh



a



Oy



ih



nfo



an



ond



ee 2



&



&



Mf,



Det



ing



a



¥



a



Pix;



=



sil



eS ee Bas



m=



a)



hi



7



es,



ee



€



~.



*



u



ms



4



x



&



aw



oe



SE OI?



on



RET SRR EES hy 3 ; - a aa



= ements



3



int



a a

between Isesand 145-/



Nelbye probably/painted this view of the water front

area of Christiansted sirce the window in the second

tier of the Steeple is open and not bricked in as it was in 1851.



The roof of the main body of the building, which had

been entirely replaced in 18hij2, for the military bakery, is

Similar to the existing roof in shape but is covered with wooden

Shingles rather than the presert corrucated sheet netal.



There are two windows in the east end wall’ toward



Hospital Street, but this is the new wall erected in the major

'. renovations of Lbhielids



Figure 16 «= Christiansted, Ste Croixe Lithograph by Ae May

from a painting by W. Melbyes From a copy in the Trade

ari Shipping Museum at Krorborg |Castie, Elsinore, Denmarke



c, 14S“

—



——



ns



i



Schellerup's plan of Christiansted outlines the eltera-



tia



| which were made in tie Steeple frilding when it was



orted int a military bakery and storehouse in 16)1-h2,



yt.«



S>¢ The ~



marked "e",



ral re” is the group of buil



1%



by dio. kloazating of:



bakery



n the renovated section



gabiryssy hick



~@ former ehur



the steeple; (2) a stable



it the



on the anat 8 side of



and, Q) 8



Opposite the stable on the west side of



2



he storage shed erected to the weet of the steeple is



own in this plan, but the western section of the former



yard-~"f" is labeled as a storeyard.



|



}



\



i



17. «= Plan of Christiansted,



t Urcix, by Ludvig



Fron tie original in the Rigsarkivet, Copenhagen,



¥y



1l2



ag



the



ae



—

1:-C P· '" o!. 
J,!,e~Jv ard 
oyre~+,011 
r II 
C 
·-
• 
on

+



——



—=



ESTES



9



—



SENT



eee eS oe



A



So



=



Pen



_—



ee



eee



—



—



Se



ee



—_



=



———



—



=



=



—



———



=



meer



oe



a



—



—



“Wy



>i.



avi



ir



Mel



#



ioe



tT



fet bs



i en.



ial



-



one



ce



» i,



oes



ee *



~



#é



hue



Pe we



We



an



if



ae



bre



A=



oz |



é



=,



\}



as,



-,



>



site



3 ae



ps



ater



mag



t



fs



s



Aven



:



is



-



se



=



ve OP,



Pra



i ins



—



=



a



“



Pe



&.



ey



pate



te



ore



Be sapere’



SS



te



_——



~*



Ba



~s.



ye?



a



gus



\



«ghia:



etch



a



Ean



*4



zl



ral



1



td



Ws



fu



ke



Sapien



ee



ae



ia



we



“



gn



*



we



a



us



a



=



rf



a



ea



sf



con



ee



——



=



vn



> fab



A>



=|



i



eo



vs



Sy



cee



al



33



Les



\—



Sa



if



“



-



4



ra



4m



her



ia



ete



vA



Aa



=



dy



sk



. oe Ng



a



Y\\



4



\



-



cas



SS



*



Ne



Pcp 7



7. + &



—



eee a



re



i



De



Cal



~F



ka



WS,



i



ine



~



bee a!



=F a



Bred



oni



—-



Bin



a



an he



ru



es



.



ar



=



sae



ah



+



i e



=



EE oe RE Een,



aS

The Steeple "™ilding is clearly visible in the fore-

ground in this copy of @ lithograph of Seidelin's drawing

of Christiansted,



The third tier of the steeple is shom as being square

and having windows, whereas it was actually octagonal and

had no windows but clock faces instead, ‘Te steeple aleo

seems to be placed at front of the main body of the

building-~ at this date. In view of these

diserepancies, it is doubtful that other details of the build-

ing, such ss the windows, are correct.



Pig. 18. -—— Drawing of Christiansted, &. Croix, by

P, Seidlin. 3: From @ copy of a lithograph in the Royal

Library, Cop » Denmark,



C. 1656-57

—



=



=



ee



ee



a eminem ae



—=



Fe cine



eee



=



—



———-



—=



<a



——



—



—



—s



ay



1}



-



lg cen tds



ei



fF



”



iy



aah



ee



—*



oF



met



a



Sol



ae



¥¥



os



Te



a



ae



‘ye



*



ORE



4



ae



24



ba 5



—



“6:



wa



ae



#



e



eos:



a



aunt



i eae



Piva:



~



a



a



Wa



ee



aoe



>



~



are,



i®.



as



—_



ee



\j



£:



as



“¥



iad



i



ee



A



‘.



ge



hee



—



cod



wee



~



a, of



gh



Adve



~~



“y



a



ay



4,



“a



te



‘Sieg



a



ove



%



hoa



as



——



epee a



>t



ON lee Sal



ate



aS a



= "#7



Bie



2a



—



Snes ees



ae



“a



ae



erste



oe



o4



a5)



~



co



te



edhe:



at



lie



=



sis



Ca mtd



4



¢2334



fens,



rng



one



ene



*



oe.



mae



(



oe



=



o 8.



+e



7”



es



a



aS



-~



es



Ba



rr



OE



cx



~.



ao



ts



=



Dero



a



a Ve



@



aS aed



eS



“ee



pres



le + Keke +



33



ot



Pes



as



Ladi



.



g



io



aay -—



“i



=a



os



eae



8



wey



=



RRS gae a E EES O! SES



a saa



net



Naas cath



ee



POST



ae



in



»~



——



.

oa



Ue



xX



three tiers of the tower of



Only the



the Steeple *ilding are visible in this painting



of Christiansted,



jiowever, they resemble the exist-



ing steeple in every detail.



\f



if



.



stiansted, “t. Croix.



A painting



by Pr. Visby. Gol



e



From the original in the Trade



and Shipping useum at Kronborg Castle, “isinore, Denmark.



1h

SRE



ae



he



|



aes



zy,



—s



~



st



ase



ee



ee RY



a



°



ot TE



-_



>



cane



<——



SS



—



eee



Cad



i ¢



‘



nent



Sit

ora aca



fTBhe



Vf



—_



—_



a



|



ir



-



ra



ya



| if .



re



eo oo oo 5}



7



r—~



Lt



ih



if ms



aay



i



rt



L



AL



hi



7 *



‘



/



tip



LL¢+



a



Le



f



JA



%



--



Shit



zd



fa



/



pn



on |



CMF?



oe,



A



a



7



x



to



“ys



ff p



7



tz



hrf



2



WEL 4,



"ma



Axed



| hal 7.



a



V2 CALEG PEG: i ee | Pica



t



nt



vA



=



Le



<a



oo



“\



i



add



“y



ee



a



—



—



ee



é



a



4



ad



whet



—



aa

ONT 2 ——



r



oe 3



neet



pee



ae



af



essitd



Lesp



ine



q by F



e«®



red



Fige



Viele



os



126

—-



—



a



———————



—_



—



—



—EEE



=a



ae



, = SL



=



ae



——



——



=



ae



aoe



fx



——



——



—EE



=



—



-—



——



bien



=



——



el ope



=



et



asta



ae:



ied)



!



hot



.



“A,



ss



oes,



ah



iy



eT ho



~ se nachal Mae



=



a



pa



<7



Seah



al



Ei ip



i



ta



ae



bal



So



IN



ba



ia



© svttageny dana’



i



%



fl



hie



“



aye



By



A



Protons: ths ba ~|



“a



al |



ers



of



a



#e



ee



EF” ad



wr)



ts



“3



he



Paes



an a



WS



te



che



¥



-)



oe



aut



Bon?



oe Sates a Ee



al neha So



Se



a)



ote eo



Bieta



=



SE Ney



ae =, en ee



ys



vy



“



=



—



7



+



®



¢



Cle)



ou



obs



mats



ate



mrs



arts



set.



“.



Se ¢



=



neni



a Pain it



Pe



i



a4 mS



————



os



—



———



a



———



—



oom



a



——



ee



mes



a an err



SSS



ee



aa



ae



a



~—



‘e



2s



=~



ITU TENNESSE e ee



——



=



————



ae 20



Sia



aes



NR =e SN ee ea a



ann



a praia ee Sede



al



4



peered



a



srean ssw



appa



Rap ae leg ——



ae



POR SR RTENDNSGT EVR AES TPN ENR SETS Tey TE



pisces



Sea



——



<=



Sa



x:



=



— a



——



= =



a



es



=



~



=<



ne ee een ae a



_—_s



——



=



——enc =



——



———



ed



1°



eo



i



a



4 t—



—a



—



———



on



SS aE NE



noe



amen



neal



(=:



‘5



—



i



ue



nom



a



=



=



|<



Ee



) re



—



=



asaee



®



=



—



————



—



CERES



Ie OT SS



+h-



>



4}



Me Pee PT arte



~——



—



me



*



ity



oe



—



pear



ae



2,



am



ale



Sat".



$



a ; +e"



$



c.-3 5



a



2x;



an



+



x



4



=



ca a



we



Li OP



ee



f



—



=a



am



Eg Be



L A;



a



[ Se



ae §



BaP B



=}



“aga



ae Bw f



oes



2, Lorre



oe



on



iA



seth,



3



see



=



i



fi



4



Fy



”



eae.



co



ig



—-



a



—



&



fi



—



—



—_—



—_—



—



—



—



a



—

Page 22 «« Steeple Byullding: Plan of Churchyard ard Excavation,

Sheet Woe 2, ! le, Viel, June ed

% “ fe Tg amt FF. € + ie 5

by Fe Hanson ard Fe ve Gjessing



117

eal



a



——



——



ae



= mene



eee



—



—————=



—_—



_—



a



—



—



SEE



——



—



 —_—__;



——



Le



—



—



—e



———



—



a



—



ST



Si el



~ a



a



——



—_



=



—



— S



=r



Peet



oA



a ae



.



i's



ee



ork



<S



=e,



a



ee



3



ic



iad



A



wet



sme



ae =~



AWS, on



srs



%



ba



Fs



po te



il



nee



ne



bas



5



—



~



¥i



“*



Mee



yas



4



%



Pix ig



«6



afee



Sar



ey



wee



~



7



we



i.



“23



a



“i



Fs



aS



oar



x



%



cence



inte



< oS]



Ns



=]



Fic’



Fas



ie,



F



pes



we



SNe



—



can



te



ar



dee



ae



pce



oa



fn



<i?



"]



on



“4



a,



he a4



Bk



>



a



ah



vet



ty



aa)



he



vs,



ie



may



and



al



aoe



7



i



#1 7



>,



ph ee)



rs



=



=



ae



oY sal



“



whe



st



exe



oe



Sey ones



%



hg)



7



i



oe



oo



eae



moe



poate: 2



wee



a



fir



sa



a



aye



=)



is



amet



a4



se



5S



—



Rae. OS,



=



Se



i



ney



i



erat



v=



4 Bs



7<



cal



it



art



eS



hed



*



a



Seis



pat



eae oo



bosib



a>



*



fae



Fas



Pid



2,



sehegpariy ae



Sap



he



Saat.



fue



mbcgaicy cis 9°



rt



ae



1 a



*



St



hans



| grt.



Ta



rn



<i



\ 4



ips aad



al ae



ra



ie



eo



eo



hae



cy.



tf



fe



=



ie]



‘-,



az



nae)



ee



ite tie



Ke



Ss



at



a



a a



E< Cone =



en |



&



je —~.



hotel & Dove.



wee



ea



wR we



a 2 a



.



ees



mabe ¢ oe



oe



ea



mark



“nae



mz



pain



croak Severs



o



=. Hees i



>



Cr



=



fener af Laentt part esncraf



a! low ne creme eats



sen



ae



ee



~



4



—



Sets



—~



bia



Ak



atone:



NN



oy,



Bea?



eae



peahage:



rs



-t



+



=



~~



pu



}



a



ww



i



ise



vilee



_%



—



tila!



=



+*



y



ae



|



\+



,



tx



pei



ow



“<



-



caylee,



(cotter



hire of



£



.



+



2d.



ag



*



Be



“Fi



-



mi



—y



.



-



——



t



er



oo



3



i



——l



Pf ek oh



|



—



———



a -



4



oo



hie



fo ththe wt © 84a ete 5 Oe PO LEE,



a



—_



es



sole He $0:



2



’ eT



all

Tore



————



—



' fe



™



ie



ee



4



oe



i



;



Pigs 23 «=» Steeple Bulldi Cress Section end Details of the



Steeple and Main Section. Sheet, lio,



WARS lM. Viel, June 1957, hy F. Ce Gjessing



116

“



=



=



————



~~



—



=



=



aia



=o



———



_



ae



it



am



i



Seti



hs



f



wa



Ane



Fi



hy



{



i*



¢ eo



Py



ACERS, sua che:



= s



ee aed



tay



so



fo



iy



wy



val



Se



Sy,



Secee: |



SEY



vo



anisgus



mr}



I



eee she ew:



*



ie



snr



ce



A. SS i) DS, EO,



Ti



ie



a4



dt



i



4



5 enhinbint sina



>



“y



s



we



Ap ee



wile. brapas



i



Me



#



¥e,



| p



(lI pe



Me



TRL ae



ty



t.



“i



peri



2



—



Ti



reek



ny



E



*



has



ay



pir



Se phy



rs



=



ee



I



$e



ae



iba



f.



LAE PGE es



Plan. Section.



2%



et



et



ca



th



¥



- oe



&E



J



ve



a



ad



Capols Cornu



“Ss



LE BES ie,



a



i



ee



nay



hy



a!



ON



ete.



‘Se »



Se iim pa



rat |



|



i



prorat



bracre Volar



+



rer



it



as



ae



a



Srygete



inl



7p,



a



SS: = ee



——a



apnea



wens we sat D



Brome



att saa



'



2]



<4 |.



at



=:



MEZ



ad



nw.



a —



f Wedeee of ted



t+



Oe



=



eee



fue debe



ita



+



o—



j-—



| >on



—pr4



i



ay cba



——|



t+



an



eye]



Conia uM:



Pe



7



=|



od



a



a



pmnes:



Byes |



—



——a



wy



on



rome



owed



gre



Plan Sectoar 3



erp



—



—_



—



— an



—- ©



—— —



==

~~



~



otreet SLevatsony



:



iGe



ah == “teeple Buildin



Viel, Jule



ICS



+



ww



oe ly



f



by



° se



aa?

——



—



rence



rc,



os



a



ss



enim



aj



es



~~



ame



aye



ee ers



ae



_—



=



=



—



“4



re



ath



te



43



!



ee



ne!



eo



te



Ta



]



rhe



ae F



¥



a Rane a a



ho 2



12



FES,



free.



Yaw



a



a



oh



Aj



Po fei



Jot



eee



uF



uaF



any



ak



ch



i



SN oF



me



i



a



va



+i



Tete!



*



o



ot pay



A



Eat



Bese



=m



ae



i



=



eh,



ae



eae



a



*“



reg Lod at ye



Ly



af



te



a



eae



——-



i



bat



+a



se



ay



“fi



par



cnr



irae



De



it



.:



a



7



cory



Ses



Hy



1s!



a



al



“wr



et



3



=



SH



ais



Pe



=)



ey



ay



Pe



m)



ey



5



Ce



Ris



Saal



ae



Cy ee



me



“



tfce



es,



Ps



wu



?



it



=



<Ai



th



Pap



nar



Wy



tig



3



|



Sin



nk



a



hig



ra



at



rae



el



ee



i



Fe



2



any



<i



cio



ve



a



mer



ae



ie



“s



> +



ria



ee



es



> ee



Pt



aa



eA ©



“We.



id



Ante



‘y=



wea



we)



Ta



ie



as



a



ag a



Re



“re



ho



1 es



nes



ee



Bee



i



=i



net



baw



‘ee th



bd!



“1



nae



ay



ty



4



aie



oo



es



ay



Aya



ey



“eth e.



aon



eS



mA,



bis



<5



Fe



#



as oe



1



bald



te



pls



,



ime



as



:



.



tae



o-)



"



at



“



ae



we



Py



$



te



a



minut | 2



a



ae



wrt



ae



rarely



Sl



Fe



ae



va



v



etn ei a



=)



x»



£3



os



ss



st



ns



\_



nr



a



Poe,



iid



Sad



Ne



px



tr



ion



BE



\}



srisiigi sisi



(ft,



iH:



tr



os



ag oe



1}



if



bi



43



tener?



a



tp



—



i



Hl



2%,



tt



at)



Fra)



Ne



IG



ae



by



Hal



a



ae



pay ae



Pos



air



*



~ of



hi



ai



St



| ,



aid



if



ie



“ithe



oa



a



tt



W ws



AF EAIIFA LILI



ite te



ti



i



ae



A.



i



3



a



_—



=.



x



We



FF ae



eS



poe:



a



ti



<<



Es



--—



or



=



re



Yt paamease50



a



Ky



SSS



——————



tees ser!



=



ki SRRATES) *



Sz



Ly



sti



—-



cc



ie



cs



RMB ETF



Ee



w



So,



<==



5



i@



a!



shin it ae



4



RESETS:



Dibie



i? Gite!



otf



a



|



[a-



dips



ies



»



=



res



44



ae it



a ies



4 A



va



:



”



—



ee



ea



a 2 Tos



is



iy



if



|



|



Bea



bis



fale



Wye Fre



ai



i?



“6



ch,



2



a



We



i



ti



ay



eae



aj



'



i]



}



on



Rr gs)



RENE



a



bf



(ea |



Po



ae



iS



aa,



pe LG



Wy



| ee



+H



—<



Hey!



7



Li



.



=



em



2



hes



3



aad



te



ae



i



ee



Fee 3s



Ri



mi



a hal



—



be ee



Eas



yes



ee



iy



rien



\



aed sr



Ee



+e



a



ae =e



ra



ia



a



ee



Nene



a



=)



re



|



net ¥



isle



AW:



45



oe.



oe



a



=



ce



bry



Ny:



ne



x



it



ee



Lb



Be



ao



est



‘at



BS



‘=



a



a



ihe RL



en dO te



me



AE. eer



eae



~~



=



ee



re



+



aS



er



rer



pas



Pe



ne



to



5



bn



Pe



==



a



peri



on a



Re



ce



a



oye



-,.



ay



eh if



aa;



ae



a



fe ve



i

See nner



La Wey



5



*



=



e 25 «=



Lhurca otreet ilevationg Shect fig,



5»



HAES Noe Viel, June 1957, by F. Co Gjessing



120



ee



—



—



—



a



—

—



——



Se



nets



—



——



—,



“os



=p



eo



aaa



ei



ee



oe ete



mi



—



—_—



=



Peed



=



ee



He



pi



ire



2 =.



ne



van



Se



—



3



—



a



Rt A



7



Lh



Ane ah



Ve



"



re



aS



=



ah



a



Paty



Ait



=a



7,



- ’



ees



if



i



a



Bi



hl



.



ae



:



2



a



xh



fd



eo



re



= +



SS



=e’,



St



oe



—



=



ea



a



oat



salt



+.



iy



7



=,



aah



ie



a



a



3



ae



@



eat



tte



at



Caen



aay



wt



Syl



ie



* al



=>



5 a



E



as



a tk



—e



is



a



is)



art,



dy



oh



ore



ae



a



is



ea



ee



on



as



Fe



ap



re



Fy



4



wi9



ess



ha



=



iat



iF



an ee



ey



soe



Pa



Ppt



Het



=



®



|



ne



eA I



a



‘=



«ie



Ct



—



ss



at



ro



ane



Ss



fi



Lae



vce



me



Kront Elewahicn



Sate Flewabron.



cms



BN



4



isda



—



coe eo



ae



er



Ue



aa



3



c=



a UPSe



P23



Fay



=



ae



preree 4



Ser fe Bolt



date, Die



————



eT



-



“¥



sooth. Yard Gate, Elvtations « Details



~.



{



a



~—



- 4



oe



Le



beer



mg



he



HET!



entalid



i



if



wa fan



aa



he



nes oe



he



—



—-



————__—_—



tere



ne



~~



—



—



_



—



a



_



_



_



ACtthe



Gade



oem



betanelie ft



-



«4



—



wae

ine 26 «= Steeple Bullding; Yurd Slevation, Sheet ._ O,



~*> 7 nm & ¢ + } fot, @ © f 2 § ey

‘AD we Us om} ee 4709 ? iy i ¢ Patiewss G SS Ue * Uirw ds hy

& x ™ . S

—



—



i



a



—



—s



—



-



—



ee



Sa



——



ee



Sr



pn See



=



co



iil



&



Z



a ¢



i



iP



oie



+e



wo



eh



te



iu



a,



—



oath



rid,



0



aaj



ip



iS



ee



<r



TE



a



7



ico



fH



:



ry,



tS



a



in



se



fet



#7



ae



wall



}



ret



an



tsa?



ue



3]



ie



ap ee



Mit



f



+



|



ie



ae



i



S,



<



ty



rT)



=



c



a



4



yen



Eat)



ha



ata:



oF ae



tas



ore



me



ae



et



ates. *



oh



a



bi L) st =



xe



£2



ies



tie



sells Janrdacee cdetculs sia



mn



i



ped



6 den



a:



ey



oo



“



+E



a



Soulh daw fowewels pared.



a



nie



ER age



Section



a



tT



me



Ror te



uN



%



Ths



or



oe



as



x%



a



RNAS



big



St as



a



rag =



1



Pa



'



ee



aia



oT



i



—



es



ene



it



i



ive



ae



5)



ex



i



sh



Neve



wi



wt



Riad



pons



og



ys Sov



pee en ee tina eeeiymey enna



nhs



a naalinbes



SETA



calito



ki



—



_



Sateen



ance of former ihe dae



——



a



ae



}



ein iets



wlan



wpe



concerti,



i



o—



1s oetinn



a reenterrnee,



A mins Mrse at secesete



wanane



rr reeenireenivn.



—



anne



—



warsz



Hf



men



aor



es



te



~



_~



aut



re



a



Yara



‘4A



Zlevats



kth



Re



—



=e



peace



—



_



—_

ates ds



Pige 27 =» Steeple Buildings



WABS Noe VIely June 19



tal Street Elevat



Nee Ty



» by F. Hanson 4 F,



GQ.



Jessing



Zc



la



nd

a



ae



Resor



_



——



er:



—



——



—=



OB en



a



——a



———————



—



wt



ean



af



-e



$3



ad



x



a



‘2



&



>



Pa



zz



Ay



a



<i)



of



s



Lee



’



5



ce



vi



Fay 1



ae ee



&



pe



“ey *



a



ay



Fa



i 8



a



ish ©



i



or)



os



=!



“



E



At



fe



es



+



uA



<P EN uz



Rs



dl 5



Res



Tt



Ads 8



«ow



riesets)



ag



O Ba



ad



oni



ae



ey



is &



2 Rie ee



ie



—=



ae



aoe



te



ee a en



ee ann



en



es



2y Ee



esto



a



me



sere we |



a Se



See ae



Re



+



———



mre



ete



rs



a



to



ee



a



OS ee



——



Exterior Elevation



with closed shelters



BR



AE SOLARA | CaN mere



Le SS Se a oe



‘



TS SA =e.



eae



a Renna



aot



Ag



aaa 50 ae



rem



iis



aa



o



tog



&



et oi



iW



Se



eS



nea



SF &..



ied



i:



a



een]



*



aa



ae Bor



Hex:



+4



oe



ym



Avene



Pe



na



SG0Y Gn Seams Oe



aa



cote cctaaad al falas sill



me



aa



rai Tobe



See



Pie



Oy,



ti



1 ee



\ Si



y



=



“}



aa.



ar



Age



us



RI i



=



aoe



Be hen



ay



ay



tn me



ary



Bast



ie



,—-



=r



fat



ad



ot



prep cask fe damp: te sath



a



ee



it:



i i



Plan Section



@



‘2



|



a



Lt



paerde scal foe henainge te sand Yate



Drie



Gem.



pares tractor



a



|



bi



1|



i



thst



—



1}



j ji



8)



he



Bey



eon N



bert)



it



eee eee.



—S



———ao



a



SS



AY



Se



id



fj



=>



how ts



bog



OR RIS TRCN a



1 tee



i+



=



Hospital



ae



——



=



he



n



in



pas |



i~



bemameed |



—



—



rs.



ii



i



i}



——{ fi



=.



Ls



rh



|



hole,



abe



n*,



=



i



ere



he -25"



ean



fy



ee



eae



te



it



va



i



it



ia



a



pod



——



Fatih Ot.



——



i



ah



nat



ldeao



abe 469



ill



fri,



ee



oe



lssewet. acsbbebe missin:



=o



—



—



nn Gen



_



—



eet



5 titi



=



seeeeead



Finca enreneneemneee



a



—_——-—



he a95



—



eee)

————



——



ty



.



\t



Pige 26 «= Steeple Build!



Ne 10,



HADS Wes Viel,



8s by ret Ce o.chenehay



So os



nF"

——



——



aa



_



me



a



aan



Te



—



SS



c-*



————



=



=



a



~~



On



5



ory



2



a)



ei



ep



on he



=~ ¥



Xs



raed



“oe



ay



riz §



dnd



Pe



J



he



a



¥



*



‘a



e



ec)



405



Se



ba



egos



4 3



aa



at



bee



We gab id



Fig



is



7-—



2th



in



 apncegintipesamsalientnteaine <<. cet ee



Ry 4



Maraganes” +"



oe



rh.



Ut hee



7”



4



—_



ce



1S)



$a



fet



‘i



omy



oR



ee



that 4



ae



ey



cna oe



Bo



se



ro.



bias



a,



ix



2b



be



Al



|



ant



= i



Ra



ae



A



aM



re



4)



ad



fe



=



j i



‘Sy



e



#



a!



Sa



ve



Ft



=i



’



ae



2h



ne



ee.



: my



aN.



nal



ee



“%



er



mt



ie



|



)



= hy.



€



ie



hes



oe,



sed



2 SER



einen Eagtty.|



7 ae



elf



ard



if



vi



3



es



hy



Ve



cs



eet



yf



Ant



Pinas it



a



3 tvs



.,



”



we



pe



DP aE IE,



en



rs



at



ie



phat



5 ae : =



~~



FR a.



ws



—



=e



Or



th



i



acs.



x



Le kgaegt SN ge ag eke



i #



Shs



-®



ial



wh



ae



(a)



e+e



LA



od



a@



Oe



seri?



a



we



tS



Ses



iraecay (aC



ey



ee,



he



wee x



ee



af



Sue



ai



‘



Sed % ‘ae



et



map|



“



7s



Tin 34



Ee



ae



» Fa The



o ti OM



1 Dal



gm es



| ER Pepe ama



—_



4



fj



anenaaene



ae



i.



a



Re



mee



——



isa



ee



a



Ks



227



Pee



Le



aes



ae



Doe



Be



“4



—



, he ag: HA



Es



x!



—oeennyaoaee



a)



“<6



“a



oWie



arated Lemme ttt (eid



rece



te meet



arate



od



sar



dogee- cae had (2.



Caneel array



a



eed td



oe



+



ee ae



Wer



6s



0s tt Lge



hes b-ft, she. 4,



ied



at



“ae



bt



. petish: af ecg & (Tame 1, eats),



eae)



th



set Snes,



eae a



a



=u



————



~S

Fige 29 «= Steeple Pulldingg: Elevations of Stripped Interior alt

Roof Sections. Sheet Noe Li, [AMG lio. Viel, June 1957»



by Fe Ce Gjeasing



12h,

[a



—



-_-—



—



seamen



a



eaten



—E



——



=



1



woh



mes



ve



er



wat



at



Tar



yar



‘a



eo



we



ria



|



ae



Lite



ab



abe



*



”



OE



ne



a



Pa



>



at



xy



ages



=



+



ms



t+



ms



Wer



Di



==



x:



€?



bi



~



——



t



pel:



ve



Bet;



wee



“a



we.



5.



—<——



Ne



ae:



se



6g



if



Pe 2



u



Py



=



ie)



eee



)



in



2



=



nat



as



areet



=



tl 1!



te



Dip *



we



ts



=



=



5



ez



mee



wes



eat



tae



tes



he Si



Pea ee



=?



=~ 8 ey



*



-



no



a,



ti



ee:



eae



CS



ig



Bes



a oe



~dee



——



—~



—



Fem wm



a2



plagiets



VERON



SR AEE AEE,



ne



es



i



)



ae ee



ae



a



i — ee a | eae



ot ie



som



=



i}



EET IF



Of deen



C



et he ae



ee ee ee



wee



= 5



ES wet salt



i



a aM



ne



\|



Sectional Flevation. 99



Suma. dae



Mafia cs



of wat



os



reg:



le



~~



tallies 0th pal door,



ar



eR



a



A



“a



ras |



aa



AL geckos



Jt.



te



kas



lobes day adorapse



wade



=



a.



a



=P



me! shor,



AA



———4



ee



PRN Meal pr:



APS



ican



=



—¥



+ b.



a



ae | Rm



+



wncdble rranasiony



om



poleembe crus



i



+



ee



ee



——————



—4



choad: bg



+



eon



~~



ae eer te =



eed



+ F



na LA



i.



nas



«



eee



2



ie



——



—



a |



Flwations



7



vr



1p



v



and



FOO! sestions



Dust +,



‘f



#7



a



a



%



ie



0



 - -.



ane



Lf



3



aa GS r



Sectional Elevation



7



if



i fa



a



=



—_:



MAIn O.



soa thnene bso



—



a



—



a



a



——



j_swavex



i



MSTORIC



AMSRIC.

“Sth



Plate I «= Company Street and Stee



ple Buildings Christians



Ste Croix,



Posteard vi



ow bf As Lawidsen. €,1916



yn me



a



=e



a



ee



—

=



=



in



”



ae



Le



4K



4 ide



4



~%,



y ei



>



By



t "iy



w



\ 4,



a



«



w



wad



‘’



PR,



wo }



«



a



x



1



i



a



Cs



"



Wd



ire



a2



fy



aly



vay



sad



Z



i



i



ie



q



ae



om



rs



fy



i]



a a



u



5 ine



wey



ee



tip



wo



if



od



&



Lt



a



re ail



Phe



|



i



=



ee |



wx



ats



ayit



fiom



ye



helt



Dea Sete Set



fi



TW



‘>



A"



¥y



wae



aS



oh



Lal



2 Nag



ty



44,



‘Ses



s



4



tp em shew,



—



~O



raf



rh



a



pat



Wea



aé



4)



me



ut



aj



eee

esr



tA



=



rs



4



=



a



‘



rv



ea



we



IGS



inspitel



uy MA



%



Ae



treet



se



z



=



+ vy .



et



-



wv



ALionSe



é



*



wURres



Ce Jnitt



re



Wile



:



1



> ee



Le



126



—



a



ee



—



a ee

————



=



————



—



pats



RS



=



ia in



“‘.



2%



i



\¥



wh



~



~.



A+



>



a>



‘\



at



.



o



f)



|



hy



iy



&



fs



%



eH



4



(7



‘AR



a?



a



<a



Us



Mit i:



FANS:



By a



ae



ye



~~)



i, bd



a



iced



st



¥



D |



ot



s



iy



a »



ry



%



*}<



e>



s



aa



NN



=



x



«



ws



“«



SS



ESN



€;



=.



t,



<eihs



re



AS



we



:



¥ aos



er



3



RS



xh :



al



a



4



UAE



i>



Wd



YW



oY)



pars



2



Y



4 ae



as



if



—



sa



7%



——



=



tie



&



ef



a=



—~



ak



id



ya



mm



—_



a



”~\



4,\



4



a



i



>



—



Ake



ZZ hs



se



Ax



Yer,



wa



aI



es



ster



nee



as



vit



—



eet



>)



—



————



=o



£x



|



l



‘de



of



Ss



re



aes |



Ti



—



t a



———_—,.



eat



x



~ hae



Mg



, as



& peri



ig!



*



tal



: 5



a



I. :



%)



one



~~



a



gies



‘ne



tN



aoe



na



Ce



—<—k e



es



i



NS



YM A



Ke



fF,



_



—



at



ours



se ee hy hoe



bos



ene a



RS



aA



ta



SSS



—s



—_



Sik



—-

Plate III «« teeple Buildings Company and Chureh Street



Cyevat {ONG



Pe Ce Gyessinge September 1956,



127

7)



i



ait



wre



Be



em



<ty,



=



Ly



ifl



I Mh



u



mt



i.



ba



Lan



—



i) at



*%



AGE



ee



215 2a



(wea



oe



ia



ome



i |



ey



€



i Mn m1 "hay



i



SS



a



— ere



oe



BO |



2 ee



fi



"hy



=



——



TN aad



fy



SSS



=



ria



1.3



mete



“4.



OPH



a:



i



fy



"3



_



My



Hi



icapliee eee



fe



ee



—



ae



ee



——



ee



=



7;



wt



nero Y



Php pm pe



—— a oe



Ea



a



\)



St 2



\ )



ba



a4



et



a



ay



v8



Us



WS



Ss)



~——



rae



\



a



}



i



\



“



i



Ns \



\



1B



iY



iP



hi



i\



\



tp a mez



——E7



ae



Pe)



+



pm,



itd



y



I



Ua



me



pe



=A ty



Si



( Lay



41



if



Zi



%



“4



i)



“



o



x



~



~~.



and