UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Form No. 10-300 DATA SHEET NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY DATE ENTERED SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES - COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS [NAME HISTORIC Coakley Bay AND/OR COMMON (LOCATION STREET & NUMBER -F./ .F:frJ> _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY, TOWN Christiansted JL VICINITY OF CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT 1 STATE U.S. Virgin Islands CODE 78 COUNTY St. Croix CODE 0800 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY _DISTRICT XBUILDING(S) —STRUCTURE —SITE —OBJECT OWNERSHIP —PUBLIC JLprivate —BOTH PUBLIC ACQUISITION —IN PROCESS JCBEING CONSIDERED STATUS —OCCUPIED XUNOCCUPIED —WORK IN PROGRESS ACCESSIBLE XLYES: RESTRICTED —YES: UNRESTRICTED NO^ PRESENT USE —AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM —COMMERCIAL —EDUCATIONAL —PARK —PRIVATE RESIDENCE —ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —MILITARY: u —OTHER. Qowner of property .-. .-r,.,,. .. r ;; I j NAME Mr. Christian Hendricks : ;ci'.i , 1 j, STREET & NUMBER P.O. Box 361 ' ■' ■ J F • . ■ ; : ;;F CITY, TOWN Christiansted vicinity of STATE St. Croix, U.S. Virgin ^LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION Islands COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS,ETC. Deg^S STREET & NUMBER Government House CITY, TOWN PViY"! c-hi STATE r'fvrHv. TT g Vi YfTi n Tplanris □representation in existing surveys TITLE virgin Island Inventory of Historic Places DATE May, 1976 -federal JSSTATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY recordsV. I. Plannina Offioo CITY, TOWN Charlotte Amalie, U.S.V.I. STATE DESCRIPTION ATAG CONDITION -EXCELLENT -DETERIORATED —GOOD —FAIR ?Lruins —UNEXPOSED CHECK ONE ^UNALTERED ^ALTERED CHECK ONE 3LORIGINALSITE —MOVED DATE- DESCRIBETHE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Coakley Bay, which lies 4.1 miles east of Christiansted, St.Croix, is an early 19th century site now in ruin comprising several build­ ings important to a sugar plantation—the great house, grinding mill, cookhouse, windmill for drawing water, and partial remains of struc­ tures that must have included the sugar factory. The grinding mill, located at the northern-most point in the com­ plex, is the typical tapering driom Cor "cone") shape found on cane plantations. It is constructed of rubble masonry and ballast brick and is about 30' high with a diameter of 26'10", and three foot thick^K^ walls measured at the window openings. The mill has a series of - '5 arched openings with the main entrance to the raised grinding floor through a tall narrow arch to the south. A window is placed in the east wall. All the window openings and the entrance arch are faced on the interior and exterior, and on the inside curve of the arches with coursed, gauged brick. There is no applied ornamentation to the exterior. In the interior, recessed vertical reveals, which originally contained the top of the gears in the mill machinery, are located immediately under the top of the walls. The great house lies about 150' to the southeast of the mill. It is a one-story building with the foundation and main floor construc­ ted of red ballast and yellow brick. The dimensions of the rectan­ gle are 70' by 36' with the long side of the house on the east-west axis. The house measures seven bays by four bays. The main entrance is through an enclosed porch on the south facade, with two secondary entrances located on the north and one on the west facade. The porch is enclosed by an arcaded screen wall measuring three bays with brick columns and arches. Access to the porch from the slightly lower southern grade is by a staircase with fanning walls — the typical West Indian "welcoming arms" type. All windows and doors have flat heads, wood casings with recessed sills and no drip caps. The windows are fitted with shutters attached with hardware that includes wrought drive pintles and shutter hooks. The interior of the house is entirely wood frame, and dates from a later stage of construction, probably the 1920's. It is not immediately evident how the original rooms were disposed in the interior, but presently there is a central hall plan with three rooms on either side, closed off on the east end by two small cen­ tral rooms flanked by two larger rooms. The walls are simple wood panels serving as partitions with the tops of the panels ending short of the ceiling to provide for air circulation. The ceiling has been replaced due to hurricane damage and is currently the conventional West Indian "tray", of plank construction with sharply angled corners^ The timber trusses are exposed. Form No. 1^)-300a (Aev 10-74) UNlTtD STATliS DhPARTMtNT OF THF INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF fflSTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPSUSE ONLY RECEIVED JUN 2 1976 T DATE ENTERED mg3l978 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER 3 PAGE one The Virgin Islands Government Department of Conservation and Cul­ tural Affairs is considering acquisition of the Coakley Bay site in order to establish an historic park in association with a recreation facility. The government intends to stabilize the ruins and provide an historic interpretation program. ^'3 Form No 1f)-300a (Aev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF fflSTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED JUN 2 DATE ENTERED 1976 JUL 2 3 1976 CONTI NU ATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE two Ruins of a small cookhouse of rubble masonry lie to the southwest of the great house. Other structures associated with the plantation are located along an unpaved road branching to the west from the unpaved entrance road leading to the mill and great house. The structure furthest out on the branch road, and the only one for which the original use .is clearly evident, is the windmill for drawing water. It is about 20' high with an exterior staircase winding up the side to the top of the walls. There is a capstone marked "1810", and a masonry trough behind the mill that was used to water the animals of the plantation. Near the well to the east lies a building, probably part of the factory, with only sections of wall remaining. The south wall is in the best condition and is about 10' high, of rubble masonry construction capped with brick. A continuous band runs about a foot from the top of the wall, and there is a single thick pinnacle with a pointed cap on the southeast corner. There are unidentifiable ruins across the branch road between the windmill for drawing water and the great house. El SIGNIFICANCE 'i PERIOD —PREHISTORIC —1400-1499 —1500-1599 AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE - CHECK AND JUSTIFY BELOW —ARCHEOLOGY-PREHISTORIC —ARCHEOLOGY-HISTORIC ^Agriculture —1600-1699 ^1700-1799 Xl 800-1899 —1900- jArchitecture __ART —COMMERCE —COMMUNICATIONS —COMMUNITY PLANNING —CONSERVATION —ECONOMICS —EDUCATION -ENGINEERING -EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT —INDUSTRY —INVENTION —LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE —LAW —LITERATURE —MILITARY —MUSIC —PHILOSOPHY —POLITICS/GOVERNMENT -RELIGION -SCIENCE -SCULPTURE -S0CIA17HUMANITARIAN -THEATER -TRANSPORTATION -OTHER (SPECIFY) SPECIFIC DATES BUILDER/ARCHITECT STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The early 19th century ruins at Coakley Bay are a comprehensive col­ lection of the buildings necessary to sugar production together with a great house. The site includes some fine examples of the typical plantation buildings, among which the best preserved are the grinding mill, and a windmill for drawing water. Coakley Bay was named for John Coakley, Sr., recorded as owner of the plantation in 1749. An earlier French name for the estate ivas "Grande Anse". The existing ruins probably were constructed in the early 19th century during the dominance of sugar in the Cruzan econ­ omy. A capstone dated 1810 is located cn the windmill used to draw water. The plantation probably ceased production in the late 19th century with the general decline of the sugar industry. - ,r:i- r-.' C: f j. o Hmajor bibuographical references Larsen, Kai. Personalia og Data". Microfilm record of research notes, ca. 1928. Royal Library, Copenhagen. Lewisohn, Florence. St. Croix Under Seven Flags. Hollywood, Florida; Dukane Press, 1970. — I0GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ^ / acres ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY___ UTM REFERENCES C - 6 4° --38-L-30west long. _L I , I , , I I . t > I . ■ I ZONE EASTING NORTHING cl , I I I , I , , I 1,1.1,. bLJ I I . I . . I I . I ■ 1 . . I ZONE EASTING NORTHING dI 7 I II . I . . 1 I . 1 .1 . . I VERBAL BOUNDARY DESCRIPTION .. •— .V.. LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUNDARIES STATE CODE COUNTY CODE STATE CODE COUNTY CODE [form prepared by NAME/TITLE SaiBuel Stokes, Russell Wright !■ Annip Hi 11 ai-y Margarp^-i- Pi-ociVanFaT-^yi-rgi p Islands Hist. ■ ORGANIZATION DATE SurVey ________________ May 17. 1976_____________ Virgin TslarirTg planning Office. STREETS NUMBER P.O. Rnx TELEPHONE (809) 774-1730 CITY OR TOWN ' ' STATE ” I0STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER CERTIFICATION THE EVALUATED SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS PROPERTY WITHIN THE STATE IS: NATIONAL___ STATE^i_ LOCAL As the designated State Historic Preservation Officer for the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665). I hereby nominate this property for inclusion in the National Register and certify that it has been evaluated according to the criteria and procedures set forth by the National Park Service. / STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER SIGNATURE ' ^ TITLE Director of Planning FOR NPS USE ONLY I H EREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS PRO PERTY IS INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER DATE May ,2.§y, 197£. DATE 5S,^a&ctOR, OFFICE h&ajOeology AfM ATTEST: ^ X ^ HISJORJCRffE9eRVATION^ t , > . date / ' ( L '/C ‘^^!i^EPER OFTHE NATWNMREGISTER^ ..................... , ^ ■■■■ GPO 892-453 Form No. 10-300a (Rev 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OE THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY RECEIVED ■ DATE ENTERED JUL E 3 1976 CONTINUATION SHEET ITEM NUMBER PAGE three Geographic Coordinates A. 17° 45' 45" north - 64° 38' 14" west B. 17° 45' 34" north - 64° 38' 11" west C. 17° 45' 33" north - 64° 38' 42" west D. 17° 45' 48" north - 64° 38' 46" west Verbal Boundary Description The east boundary of the a point 17° 45' 45" north - 64° southeast to 17° 45' 34" north here the line runs west to East north side of East End Road to 64° 38' 42" (C), a distance of runs northwest 1600' to a point west (D). From here it follows the boundary. Coakley Bay site begins at 38' 14" west (A) and runs 1000' - 64° 38' 11" west (B). From End Road and continues on the a point 17° 45' 33" north - 2900'. From here the boundary 17° 45' 48" north - 64° 38' 46" east to the beginning point of T ^ ?f< COAKLEY BAY 7"vf^r‘?;:£?|^¥if.W*F^«^' - >4'4 ■ /«07 ** JUN a ®/6 F iS\ NATIC NAL yS Mnisfs / / // / / / / .EAST END . N r- \ \ Vl/ATBf^ mUj- _ COAKLEY BAY MILL •• CARDE^ iiP. / > / \'^ \ ' ( V 1 J / / ✓ 1 1 1 1 0.^ — -w E6TATEnC£(Ald -400 Lrf?5 Property £s ■ C-irOfj^ IcJr; ^ 7^. 3s:i 7 T-C,Oo 1 fti-A TECHNICAL^ tA CONIrROL Photos. Maps a (/, ^.7(^ HISTORIAN ^■111% 5 ARCHITECTURAL HISTORIAN ARCHEOLOGIST OTHER /s /^Tiji? sn/jffM HAE ^ /**£<» /> Inventory <- Z, ^*r ^ inventory Review r REVIEW UNIT C^IEF C^L Sh&\lh BRANCH CHIEF KEEPER National Register Write-up Federal Register Entry ^“7 fe Send-back Re-submit Entered JUL 2 3 1975 IN T :2 1 06- 74 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service WASO No. 7 3 ENTRIES IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER STATE mciM isuros Date Entered JUL 2 3 1976 Name Location CEatatfTcMdcl^ ChrlstlMMtAd irlelaity 8t» Croix Comtj Also Notified Bob. Rob 4m Logo Raglonal Dlroctor, Southeast Region L MMott/row 7/28/76 State Historic Preservation Officer Mr. Thooas Blake Planning Director Virgin Islands Planning Board Charlotte Analle St. Thoaas, Virgin Islands 00801 INT: 2950-75 Data Sliest NAME AS IT APPEARS IN FEDERAL REGISTER: OTIER NAPES: (S> /IM) Reviewer INITIALS: ^K v^ll ® *^Ul ^ S 1976 LOCATION STREETS NUMBER f: ^ OTV.TOWN STATE . VfCINITYOF CONGRESSIONAL OISTHICT f V.X.' 7^ OWNER OF PROPERTY! (circle) y»^RivATE_) state local gov't municipal county FEDERAL(AGENCY NAME): ' OTHER ADMINISTRATOR(underline) NFS REGION: (CIRCLE) N.ATLANTIC MID ATLANTIC SOUTHEAST MIDWEST SCRTTHVEST ROCKY MOUNTAIN WEST PACIFIC NORTHWEST features: INTERIOR EXTERIOR EW/IRONS _Substantially intact-1 _unJcnown - 4 L unkriown .-5 CONDITION- -excellent _GOOO ^AIR Interio RtORATEO ;U(NS ^UNEXPOSEO ^Unexcavate^ l^tNS J^f^iUcnown -6 ® _Not applicahle-9 roi^ not intact^O Unaltered J^mciNALSiTE p tUH/ Ir^TEREO _ Reconstructed —Excavated —MOVED —UnJmown ACCESS- /Yes-restricteO Yes-unrestricted No access historic district? yes YES UnJcnown WITHIN NATIONAL REGISTER HISTORIC DISTRICT? IF YES,. NAME: WITHIN NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK? IF YES, NAME: YES ADAPTIVE use; TyE^ ^ NO FUNCTION (S); (use vbcabZlary words) Saved ? YES then- PJU^^CZZSZ. now significance: y ^ftCHEOLOGV-PREHISTORIC y' ,*yCHEOLOGYHISTORIC Jli^lCULTURE ■ -- 'Architecture --ART —COMMERCE —COMMUNICATIONS Claims —CONSERVATION —ECONOMICS —EDUCATION —ENGINEERING —EXPLORATION —INDUSTRY —INVENTION —UNOSCAPE ARCHITECTURE —RELIGION —lAW/G0V*t/p0liticS —SCIENCE —UTERATURE —MILITARY —MUSIC —PHILOSOPHY —POUTICS^GOVERNMENT —SOOAL/HUMANITARIAN —'entertainment —health __recreation —settlement —TRANSPORTATION —OTHER (SPECIFY) —.soclo/cultural _urban & commun planning •first’- YES ** oldest’-’ YES '*only’J yes ' ? ARCHITECTURAL STYLE.* architec0n .bui Ide r: . landscap(j/garden designer: interior decorator: ETHNIC group; engineer; .artist/artisan: builder/contractor; . NAMES; (label role & appropriate date) personal events institutional dates: DATE OF CONSTRUCTION (Specific date or 1/4 of century): DATE(S) OF "MAJOR" ALTERATIONS: HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT DATE(S): SOURCE. (OP NOMINATION) PRIVATE ^StAT^ ENC 7 LOCAL GOV"T MUNICIPAL COUNTY OTHER FEDERAL AGENCY: ACREAGE, (to nearest tenth of an acre) COMMENTS, (include architectural information here) \Ac>o^B ^ VSvcfOM^ ^2oe0(je Kwoo ^(2xcvc^ Y^cViotvofeoi \ \\ \ DerOTT- \ ^ C)\ 6acnc_Uoo^e:, HawS - JfZ C/eur^A^ fX4>9r2 7^ /iJSeA/ ' SIGNIFICANCE.(maximum two sentences) ^ fvaoe4«d^(/^ 4*^ f'" a \ *7*^ 7 '—3»o ^DAveriCc\.5fco^. 5 ' architectural style: architec0n .builder: \ , ,landscap(/garden designer; \ interior decorator: ethnic group; names; (label role & appropriate date) personal \ \ SdZC engineer: ' artist/artisan: builder/contractor; \\ events institutional dates; date of construction (Specific date or 1/4 of century) : fiAniL DATE(S) OF "MAJOR" ALTERATIONS: ' " . HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT DATE(S): source; (OF NOMINATION) OTHER PRIVATE FEDERAL AGENCY: LOCAL GOV"T MUNICIPAL COUNTY acreage; (to neeurest tenth of an acre) COMMENTS: (include architectural information here) 1. ' - - _ _ _ ------------------------------ , (?. wAOi iS- ^JCVAOO 'S>Q^C\tr . Y^JrncVKSrtASfeOuj^O-. V\oo^B's , ___ _______ _____ ________ plsiitsl io-, cos,flex inclulf. freet hoc,,,, c-usl.lng- cn'll o'h;, „ap ■•ercwed, .xS dcdo.m 'o,, dfa-lrg »8ie,-.iS^ruias of « cooM,ou * all of rubble mesonry con.st-uction. oiit* t . .1 oomprehenclTC complex of the b,dldinge neceasarj to auger p-o,3uctlon, tfpioel o' tl/Tlecdt Of. o- o.^a'-do„loated economics. ' significance.(maximum rwo sentences; ^