T R A D I T I O N A L S Y S T E M S , B O T H S U S T A I N A B L E A N D B I O D I V E R S E AGROFORESTRY IN THE CARIBBEAN By Michael Morgan and Thomas W. Zimmerman AGROFORESTRY • The association of crops, trees and domestic animals. • Has existed since the dawn of agriculture some 11,000 years ago. oe = YRS 7 @ ae AS TAINOS es i il sy es a dt de As a™ ar A) s - & 4s 4g ° yo Aye ne fp wn Te Les % . oa 9 (4 =e =, ave dee i >, —_* ~~ ae *7 a ~ "x SPRL AP Swe He f » cal a a CAN Ss Ww of CARIBS Ly ta a sn Me fic, * sh ss Yj (|| % aj = “ if iy! we <4 het 4 i a. a, — ee SS a a=. ; YEMALE ©) AEE. FAMIGITIA INDIANA CARAIBA. WHAT’S FOR DINNER? Yucca or Cassava Preparing Yucca a i) lin. Yi) \ ¥ \ i PY, i vA it Oo Maroons if yi alt i iY Ny Ny nel MY uh f | ‘i VAN AY SAN Wit \ s yy, aN N Afi ig AS i e\ i fy. —_ Pe, i ST, i Sa Vf. 4, li Pi Ihe ie £4 i, If 4 \Y Y, => er Wh, ib) WY, VON X =\ ae a) SS =—— ¥ or | re | AY a 7 sk sae ‘< i < <0 yf. hy - ie >» » ot ae ok t he ye LZ et i ae Ta a di th ey itl — ih “7 y ii i geet ee oN fy PR et o a * fem ova oe t we wl? te ers oar ~s FOREST GARDENS, HOME GARDEN . — eo , —_ iff »* ef er ; “*y “ Fa aw ~ s ay — ‘= “ 4g ws = be oJ ant A> A’\ h a he x. . ha eg Me Q/ fa - y ‘ 7 ’ 7S rr =< a ie La - \ / aa “FP hb \i he | a> P| = Abe =~ ay 4 nt ot iP ' fa i ~ to soil as mulch decomposes H/ te) Runoff and trates t al Ke hee) in’ =~ f erosion reduce d & ‘ 505 yal Crop resig returned to the soil at | ee Lo LV/, ao PANG ug a ‘ed by aes ™“ Pr, We -~h ad Frag} al LEE Yj ane f 4 +, yi Boe va | wets ay Larry = MM >| ” we ey) ae, ety “ cu pag NF &] et FA yn SS at Ay s- PE. Sail erosion: Lal yet an Re A= rf xt ee ae re Ke Ny} impeded by vet te fry’ bk) \ wd —_—, trees and shrubs. oO ) oe $s oe \\ NG ve e'OSie hk P TEAS | way te Jas Nitrogen contribution ne ‘ from leguminous f Nutrien ts absorbe species Nutrients absorbed 6) * Ber a E by food crops by deep-rooted Nutrients leached and aa A trees and shrubs Lt) el oe sy £0) AY New nutrients from Percolated into the A oe ( Ce +, + tf, ru weathering rock subsoil wt meee ct de pit 4K 5 SHADE GROWN CROPS hehe —— r 4 ~*~ = a ow «. "S he sie: of tas, bin ial) inmt a eae Wy otras Rustic — J rb, ur. = 1— nt ay) | \ “4 b “ 2 ay? i ' SE re re t Pri yng aye ani i ‘ sitet mtn eh ‘ we 4 rahe re ul em 3 Cw Traditional polyculture coffee garden ba a a aah Cc ae Cri Met in ci on irk dite, [a Comercial polyculture d she | 2 oe thle avs gen BL sth 2 me ain ani Shaded monoculture e PPP COFEE AND CACAO my Why i ~ \e oa “ NAG, Al Y % vs, a4 {5 238 oy 4 — wv ee) 2 Wy a o ¥ ed RY i 4 -_ ry Mi boast A = Aus a y 1 a> ne ri ia ~> tee ax yh a! ie :: ne eg - ee we * bs ibe | ay i . ba We Y AA a > % é “e. iy bs p ~_ 4 « * i" ase bh 4 ou ° _ a SS wee, 4 $i i i. Sh as UN wht f 4 ey rm et Ae ay Pra) wet ¢ Ww, otf By *? a Aa 2 ? ase P. ps iS & ] aN é9 of a a, fi “af ci ae ae | > FY ve ~ 4 iy > Ry Pei oh) per} Ay y ily > Lat A a 2 donee nia? we vi! gh ASS Ea Se he v WI . Be se « 3 / a —- pss » § = qe Noa c= qprr (0: i Ay Brg - Py ray eee FI Oy Oe > ing igy oS P ae. 4. > SN ‘a any es, oe et i? 1g met hoes \ | Wien ie sé ad: —- 3* re! Wyn ae as qe A ——— oY 2h Fh AA ~—z re Nps, = » a xa x) DM = a ive ‘4 A te fo vs n i ATA: ™ Pe 2d - ~~ Dy UR My rd) _— rye 3 a’ SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS Dehesa Vaquero Se re ee Siena headed — 5 te Dat © ie) ' ND wv a 32 ¥ ¥ + ta» Le we Sat hv th eee im denny oh Beaks 3 Vere hagns ‘* Me Oy — PY rk, Pelee le fee tnens jame ~e a ore ~< ‘2m 5 ‘> if Lf vant “> ® a siren wren rae Pe ay W heey + ™~ 44 “* aed ~ Ae TE af <¢ yd Ls» Ly Ae u 2 Ft iy v = wy 7 VW ss ae ve | & La) Ty 44 i w a =. fy } ™ f p fa «+. wd = Lah er saat N gfe?! + i 4 “4t/ — | ae... ie Hl AY } — Po) at a ; Ff A, i * ty > ne —— “~ re «ft. > » VE) e¢ » SAMs aaclelets SA SIVLOPASTORAL SYSTEMS Amerindians Open Pine woodland EXAMPLES OF SIVLOPASTORAL SYSTEMS Mahogany Samanea saman PROSOPIS SPP at oy ha Da me v, Ai * iL old wy ne + bes! \} ve = ei oe oe Se ~~ a8 an Be Bae he NS ml ry ft Fhe r tae atu, ff rer: ” = 11) lin Ri mitt \a ir a Bee . rT ek Sat cee pers so redY Po wy TREES IN OTHER PLACES Living fences Sites of Commerce QUESTIONS? WHAT? NO QUESTIONS? THANKS!! age ants Kis eg i