SUPERIOR COURT OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
DIVISION OF ST CROIX
JAMAL M ABED AND JALAL M ABED Civil No SX 18 CV 529
PLAINTIFFS,
v JURY TRIAL DEMANDED
ANUAR MUFID ABED AKRAM MUFID CITE AS 2021 V1 SUPER £8—
ABED AND SION FARM SERVICE
STATION LLC,
DEFENDANTS
Appearances
Eszart A Wynter, Sr , Esq
Law Offices Eszart A Wynter, Sr , P C
Frederiksted, U S Virgin Islands
For Plaintiffs
Dwayne Henry, Esq
Law Offices of Dwayne Henry
Christiansted, U S Virgin Islands
For Defendants
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND QRDER
WILLOCKS Presiding Judge
1] 1 THIS MATTER is before the Court sua sponte for review
BACKGROUND
1! 2 On November 5, 2018, Plaintiff Jamal M Abed and Plaintiff Jalal M Abed’s (hereinafter
collectively, “Plaintiffs ’) filed a verified complaint against Defendant Anuar Mufid Abed,
Defendant Akram Mufid Abed, and Defendant Sion Farm Service Station, LLC (hereinafter
collectively ‘ Defendants ) On November 28, 2018, Defendants filed a joint answer in response
to Plaintiffs’ verified complaint
1] 3 Subsequently the parties proceeded to discovery
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1] 4 On September 17, 2019, the Court entered an order whereby the Court ordered the parties
to file a stipulated scheduling order within thirty days from the date of entry of the said order
1| 5 On August 30, 2019 Plaintiffs filed a notice whereby Plaintiffs advised the Court that
Plaintiffs have served Defendants with Plaintiffs’ requests for admission and Plaintiffs’ first set of
interrogatories and requests for production of documents
‘6 On October 31, 2019, Plaintiffs filed a motion to deem requests for admission admitted
and conceded and compel responses to interrogatories and requests for production of documents
in connection with the discovery propounded by Plaintiffs on or about August 30, 2019 To date,
Defendants have not filed a response thereto On October 31, 2019, Plaintiffs also filed a motion
to compel Rule 26 meet and confer To date, Defendants have not file a response thereto
1| 7 On February 27, 2020, the parties appeared before the Court for a status conference
whereby the Couit ordered the parties to (i) submit a stipulated scheduling order by March 5, 2020
and (ii) meet and confer by March 3 2020
9‘ 8 On April 3, 2020, Plaintiffs filed an informative motion whereby Plaintiffs advised the
Court that Plaintiffs have “tried to adhere to the Virgin Islands Rules of Civil Procedure and this
Court’s Order but has received no feedback from the Defendants or their attorneys in this matter
[regarding the stipulated scheduling order]” and that “[t]he imposition of a fine against the
Plaintiffs and their attorney in this matter is not warranted because the undersigned has consistently
tried to contact the Defendants and their attorneys in this matter ”' (April 3, 2020 motion, p 3 )
” Although labeled as an ‘ lnfonnative Motion,” Plaintiffs did not move the Court to do anything Instead, the filing
was purely infomationive Thus, the Court will construe Plaintiffs April 3, 2020 motion as a notice, and no filtther
action from the Court is necessary Plaintiffs are reminded to label their filings properly
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1] 9 On November 16, 2020 the Court granted the parties stipulated scheduling order and
entered a scheduling order in this matter
fl 10 On February 24, 2021, Plaintiffs filed a motion to deem requests for admission admitted
and conceded and compel responses to interrogatories and requests for production of documents
in connection with the discovery propounded by Plaintiffs on or about August 30, 2019
1] l 1 On August 12, 2021 the parties appeared before the Court for a status conference whereby
the Court Inter aha, granted Defendants’ request for additional time to respond to Plaintiffs’
February 24, 2021 motion and ordered Defendants to file its response to Plaintiffs’ February 24,
2021 motion on or before August 13, 2021
1| 12 To date, Defendants have not filed a response to Plaintiffs’ February 24, 2021 motion
DISCUSSION
1[ 13 The Court will address the outstanding issues in this matter
I Plaintiffs’ October 31, 2019 Motion to Deem Requests for Admission Admitted
and Conceded and Compel Responses to Interrogatories and Requests for
Production of Documents
1! 14 The Court finds that Plaintiffs implicitly withdrew their October 31, 2019 motion to deem
requests for admission admitted and conceded and compel responses to interrogatories and
requests for production of documents in connection with the discovery propounded by Plaintiffs
on or about August 30, 2019 when they filed their February 24, 2021 motion to deem requests for
admission admitted and conceded and compel responses to interrogatories and requests for
production of documents in connection with the discovery propounded by Plaintiffs on or about
August 30 2019 See In re Refinery Dust Claims 72 V I 256 290 (Super Ct Dec 13 2019)
(citing Mztchell v Gen Engg Corp 67 V I 271 278 (Super Ct Feb 23 2017) ( a motion can
also be deemed withdrawn based on certain actions or inactions ofthe party who filed the motion”),
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see also Magras v Natzonal Industrial Servzces er al , 2021 V U Super 50U, 1[ 8, see also In re
Refinery Dust Claims 72 V I 256 290 (Super Ct Dec 13 2019) As such Plaintiffs October
31, 2019 motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded and compel responses to
interrogatories and requests for production of documents will be deemed withdrawn
1] Plaintiffs’ October 31, 2019 Motion to Compel Rule 26 Meet and Confer
1] 15 As noted above, at the February 27, 2020 status conference, the Court ordered, Inter aha,
the parties to meet and confer As such, the Court will deny as moot Plaintiffs’ October 31, 2019
motion to compel Rule 26 meet and confer
III Plaintiffs’ February 24, 2021 Motion to Deem Requests for Admission
Admitted and Conceded and Compel Responses to Interrogatories and
Requests for Production of Documents
11 16 In their February 24, 2021 motion, Plaintiffs advised the Court that Defendants have not
responded to the discovery propounded by Plaintiffs on or about August 30, 2019 to wit,
Plaintiffs’ requests for admission and Plaintiffs’ first set of interrogatories and requests for
production of documents Plaintiffs also requested for “all costs associated with the filing of
Motions (Feb 24 2021 Motion p 3 )
‘ 17 For clarity the Court will address Plaintiffs’ February 24, 2021 motion in three separate
parts (i) Plaintiffs’ motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded, (ii) Plaintiffs’
motion to compel responses to interrogatories and requests for production of documents, and (iii)
Plaintiffs’ requests for all costs
A Motion to Deem Facts Admitted
1 Standard of Review
1! 18 Requests for admissions are governed by Rule 36 of Virgin Islands Rules of Civil
Procedure (hereinafter ‘Rule 36 ’) Rule 36 provides that ‘[a] party may serve on any other party
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a written request to admit, for purposes of the pending action only, the truth of any matters within
the scope of Rule 26(b)(1) relating to (A) facts, the application of law to fact, or opinions about
either, and (B) the genuineness of any described documents ” V I R CIV P 36(a)(1) Rule 36
further provides that “[a] matter is admitted unless, within 30 days after being served, the party to
whom the request is directed serves on the requesting party a written answer or objection addressed
to the matter and signed by the party or its attorney” but “[a] shorter or longer time for responding
may be stipulated to under Rule 29 or be ordered by the court ” V I R CIV P 36(a)(3) “A matter
admitted under this [Rule 36] is conclusively established unless the court, on motion, permits the
admission to be withdrawn or amended ” V I R Clv P 36(b) However, “[a]n admission under
this rule is not an admission for any other purpose and cannot be used against the party in any other
proceeding ” Id Furthermore, ‘ [w]hile Rule 36 allows a party to request an admission of ‘the
application of law to fact,’ requests for purely legal conclusions are not permitted
under Rule 36 and the Court finds such requests to be improper because it could lead to parties
stipulating to the law 2 Watson v Gov t ofthe Vzrgm Islands 2017 V I LEXIS 43, *10 12 (Super
Ct March 7 2017) see Matthew v Herman 56 V I 674 682 (V I 2012) ( parties cannot stipulate
to the law especially in a situation where the decision may impact other pending or future
cases ); see also Der Weer v Hess 011 VI Corp 64 VI 107 2016 VI LEXIS 21 *54 (“the
patties cannot stipulate to the law, not explicitly by agreeing on the applicable law, or implicitly
by not questioning what law applies”) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted)
2 The Watson court was addressing Rule 36 of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (hereinafier “Federal Rule 36”) Rule
36 is modeled afier Federal Rule 36 Thus, the Court finds the discussion in Watson applicable in this mstance
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2 Discussion
1| 19 Based on the records in this matter, it is undisputed that Defendants were served with
Plaintiffs’ requests for admission and Defendants failed to serve a timely written answer or
objection in response 3 While Plaintiffs filed the February 24, 2021 motion to deem facts admitted,
it was not necessary to do so Under Rule 36(a)(3), matters contained in Plaintiffs requests for
admissions provided that the requests fall within the sc0pe of Rule 36(a)(1)—were automatically
deemed admitted since more than thirty days have passed after Defendants were served and
Defendants have not responded with written answers or objections V I R CIV P 36(a)(3) (“A
matter is admitted unless, within 30 days after being served, the party to whom the request is
directed serves on the requesting party a written answer or objection addressed to the matter and
signed by the party or its attorney ”) As such, the Court need not grant Plaintiffs’ February 24,
2021 motion as to Plaintiffs’ motion to deem the requests for admissions admitted and conceded
However, the Court must review the requests for admissions and make a finding as to which
requests fall within the scope of Rule 36(a)(1) See Watson 2017 V I LEXIS 43 at *12 ( Thus
when the Court granted Plaintiff's motions to deem facts admitted against Defendant Governor and
Defendant GVI, the Court should have specified in its orders, entered on July 9, 2013 and August
12 2013 that only those requests that fall within the scope of Rule 36(a)(1) are deemed admitted
and made a finding as to which requests fall within the scope of Rule 36(a)( 1) ”) Here, Plaintiffs
did not include a copy of the requests for admissions Plaintiffs propounded on or about August 30,
3 As noted above, at the August 12, 2021 status conference, Defendants acknowledged that they have not responded
to Plaintiffs’ February 24, 2021 motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded and compel responses
to interrogatories and requests for production of documents and requested additional time to respond thereto Thus,
the Court concludes that Defendants were served with Plaintiffs’ requests for admission and Plaintiffs’ first set of
interrogatories and requests for production of documents
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2019 with this motion Thus, at this juncture, the Court will order Plaintiffs to file a copy of the
requests for admissions Plaintiffs propounded on or about August 30, 2019 so the Court can
determine which requests fall within the scope of Rule 36(a)(1)
B Motion to Compel Responses to Interrogatories and Requests for
Production of Documents
1 Standard of Review
1[ 20 Rule 33 of the Virgin Islands Rules of Civil Procedure (hereinafter “Rule 33”) permits a
party to serve on any other party written interrogatories, V I R Clv P 33(a), and requires that
“[e]ach interrogatory must, to the extent it is not objected to, be answered separately and fully in
writing under oath ” V I R ClV P 33(b)(3) Rule 34 of the Virgin Islands Rules ofCivil Procedure
(hereinafter “Rule 34”) permits a party to serve on any other party requests for production of
documents or tangible things to inspect and requests for entry, V I R CW P 34(a), and requires
that “[flor each item or category, the response must either state that inspection and related activities
will be permitted as requested or state with specificity the grounds for objecting to the request,
including the reasons’ and “the responding party may state that it will produce copies ofdocuments
or of electronically stored information instead of permitting inspection ” V I R Clv P
34(b)(2)(B) Under Rule 34, “[t]he production must then be completed no later than the time for
inspection specified in the request or another reasonable time specified in the response ” V I R
CW P 34(b)(2)(B)
1|21 Rule 37 of the Virgin Islands Rules of Civil Procedure (hereinafter “Rule 37”) governs
Rule 33 and Rule 34 violations Rule 37 provides that [a] party seeking discovery may move for
an order compelling an answer, designation, production, or inspection if (iii) a party fails to
answer an interrogatory submitted under Rule 33 or (iv) a paity fails to produce documents or
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fails to respond that inspection will be permitted or fails to permit inspection as requested
under Rule 34, ’ V I R ClV P 37(a)(3)(B)(iii) (iv), and that “[t]he court may, on motion, order
sanctions” for such Rule 33 and Rule 34 violations V I R CW P 37(d)(l)(A)(ii) Rule 37 further
provides that “[a] failure described in Rule 37(d)(l)(A) is not excused on the ground that the
discovery sought was objectionable, unless the party failing to act has a pending motion for a
protective order under Rule 26(0) V I R Clv P 37(d)(2)
2 Discussion
11 22 The Court will note at the outset that the Court finds the parties have in good faith conferred
as previously ordered by the Court at the February 27, 2020 status conference 4
1] 23 Based on the records in this matter, it is undisputed that Defendants were served with
Plaintiffs’ first set of interrogatories and requests for production of documents 5 Defendants
violated Rule 33 and Rule 34 when they failed to timely respond to Plaintiffs’ first set of
interrogatories and requests for production of documents There is no pending motion for a
protective order under Rule 26(0), so Defendants’ failure is not excused Thus, at this juncture, the
Court will grant Plaintiffs’ February 24, 2021 motion as to Plaintiffs’ motion to compel Defendants
to respond to Plaintiffs’ first set of interrogatories and requests for production of documents, and
‘ Motions related to discovery pursuant to Rules 26 through 37 of the Virgin Islands Rules of Civil Procedure are
governed by Rules 37 and 37 l of the Virgin Islands Rules of Civil Procedure (hereinafter “Rule 37” and “Rule 37 1,”
respectively) Rule 37 and Rule 37 l mandates that the moving party submit a certification with its motion certifying
that both parties engaged in substantive, good faith negotiations before filing a discovery motion V I R ClV P 37(a)
and 37 1(a) See V I R Cw P 37(a) (‘ 0n notice to other parties and all affected persons, a party may move for an
order compelling disclosure or discovery The motion must include a certification that the movant has in good faith
conferred or attempted to confer with the person or party failing to make disclosure or discovery in an effort to obtain
it without court action ) V l R ClV P 37 1(a) (‘ Prior to filing any motion relating to discovery pursuant to Rules
26 through 37, other than a motion relating to depositions under Rule 30, counsel for the parties and any self
represented parties shall confer in a good faith effort to eliminate the necessity for the motion or to eliminate as
many of the disputes as possible ”)
5 See supra, footnote 3
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order Defendants to serve their responses to Plaintiffs’ first set of interrogatories and requests for
production of documents
C Request for Costs
1 Defendants’ Failure to Respond to Plaintiffs’ Requests for
Admissions
11 24 Under Rule 37, “[i]f a party fails to admit what is requested under Rule 36 and if the
requesting party later proves a document to be genuine or the matter true, the requesting party may
move that the party who failed to admit pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees,
incurred in making that proof” and “[t]he court must so order unless (A) the request was held
objectionable under Rule 36(a), (B) the admission sought was of no substantial importance, (C) the
party failing to admit had a reasonable ground to believe that it might prevail on the matter; or
(D) there was other good reason for the failure to admit ” V I R Clv P 37(c)(2)
1| 25 Here, Plaintiffs have not proved “a document to be genuine or the matter true ” Id As such,
the Court will not award Defendants to pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney’s fees, at
this juncture
2 Defendants’ Failure to Respond to Plaintiffs’ First Set of
Interrogatories and Requests for Production of Documents
1| 26 Rule 37 permits a party seeking discovery to move for an order compelling disclosure,
answer, designation, production, inspection, and for appropriate sanctions See V I R CIv P 37
If the motion is granted, such as here, “the court must, after giving an opportunity to be heard,
require the party or deponent whose conduct necessitated the motion, the party or attorney advising
that conduct, or both to pay the movant's reasonable expenses incurred in making the motion,
including attorney's fees But the court must not order this payment if (i) the movant filed the
motion before attempting in good faith to obtain the disclosure or discovery without court action,
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(ii) the opposing party's nondisclosure, response, or objection was substantially justified, or
(iii) other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust ” VI R Clv P 37(a)(5)(A) The
“imposition of sanctions for abuse of discovery under Rule 37 is a matter within the discretion of
the trial court ”6 Davis v Varlack Ventures Inc , 59 V I 229, 236 (V I 2013), see also, Pedro v
Ranger Am ofthe VI Inc 70 V I 251 294 (Super Ct 2019) see also Molon v Independence
Blue Cross, 56 VI 155, 168 (VI 2012) (noting the trial court’s broad discretion to control
discovery)
1| 27 Here, the Court will schedule a hearing as mandated by Rule 37(a)(5)(A) to give
Defendants and Defendants’ counsel an opportunity to be heard on whether the Court should order
Defendants and/or Defendants’ counsel to pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees,
Plaintiffs incurred in making the motion to compel
IV Scheduling Order
1] 28 As noted above, the Court entered a scheduling order on November 16, 2020 The dates
contained therein have since expired As such, the Court will order the parties to file a stipulated
first amended scheduling order
CONCLUSION
1| 29 Based on the foregoing, the Court will rule on the pending motions as stated above and
order the parties to file a stipulated first amended scheduling order Accordingly, it is hereby
ORDERED that Plaintiffs’ motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded
and compel responses to interrogatories and requests for production of documents, filed on
October 31 2019 is DEEMED WITHDRAWN It is further
6 The DawS court was addressing Rule 37 of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (hereinafter “Federal Rule 37”) Rule
37 was modeled after Federal Rule 37 Thus the Court finds the discussion in Davis applicable in this instance
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ORDERED that Plaintiffs’ motion to compel Rule 26 meet and confer, filed on October
31 2019 is DENIED AS MOOT It is further
ORDERED that, within sixty (60) days from date entry of this Memorandum Opinion
and Order, Plaintiffs shall file a copy of the requests for admission Plaintiffs propounded on
Defendants on or about August 30 2019 and RESERVE RULING on which requests fall within
the scope of Rule 36(a)(1) pending receipt of Plaintiffs’ submission It is further
ORDERED that Plaintiffs’ motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded
and compel responses to interrogatories and requests for production of documents, filed on
February 24, 2021, is GRANTED as to Plaintiffs’ motion to compel Defendants to respond to
Plaintiffs’ first set of interrogatories and requests for production of documents It is further
ORDERED that, within seven (7) days from date entry of this Memorandum Opinion
and Order, Defendants shall serve Plaintiffs with a copy of their responses to Plaintiffs’ first set
of interrogatories and requests for production of documents It is further
ORDERED that Defendants, Defendants’ counsel, and Plaintiffs’ counsel shall appear a
hearing via Zoom on Thursday, November 18, 2021, at 9 00 a m to be heard on whether the
Court should order Defendants and Defendants’ counsel to pay the reasonable expenses Plaintiffs
incurred in making the motion to compel, including attorney's fees It is further
ORDERED that, on or before Wednesday, November 10, 2021, Plaintiffs shall file a
notice advising the Court of the reasonable expenses, including attomey’s fees, Plaintiffs incurred
in making the motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded and compel responses
to interrogatories and requests for production of documents, filed on February 24, 2021, but only
for the portion that relates to Plaintiffs’ motion to compel Defendants to respond to Plaintiffs’ first
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set of interrogatories and requests for production of documents, and not for the portion that relates
to Plaintiffs’ motion to deem requests for admission admitted and conceded And it is further
ORDERED that, within fifteen (15) days from date entry of this Memorandum
Opinion and Order, the parties shall file a stipulated first amended scheduling order The parties
are reminded that the proffered amended scheduling order must note prominently on the first page
the numbered amendment it represents—e g , stipulated first amended scheduling order
DONE and s0 ORDERED this 2 day of September 2021
ATTEST 9%W :wéz XMZ;
Tamara Charles HARO D L WILLOCKS
Clerk of the Court Presiding Judge of the Superior Court
Court ClerkW
Dated /£,//%_7 (f? a